<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss' xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055</id><updated>2012-02-11T15:43:17.012-05:00</updated><category term='Artist Wyeth'/><category term='Artist David-JL'/><category term='Artist Zorn'/><category term='Artist Gentileschi'/><category term='A Provoost'/><category term='A Velasquez'/><category term='Artist Denes'/><category term='China'/><category term='Artist van der Goes'/><category term='Artist Freake-Gibbs'/><category term='Author Gilgamesh'/><category term='Artist Altdorfer'/><category term='Artist Constable'/><category term='Artist Zaortiga'/><category term='Artist Robertson'/><category term='Artist Oleffe'/><category term='Flowering Crabapple'/><category term='1600s'/><category term='Artist Stock'/><category term='Artist Martin'/><category term='Artist Carline'/><category term='Artist Besnard'/><category term='Artist Velazquez'/><category term='Artist Tanner'/><category term='Author Williams'/><category term='Artist Dunchev'/><category term='Artist Buehr'/><category term='Artist Golovin'/><category term='Turquerie'/><category term='Artist van der Weyden'/><category term='Artist Heilbuth'/><category term='Artist Osborn'/><category term='Artist Wood-G'/><category term='Artist Fra Angelico'/><category term='Artist Munkacsy'/><category term='Artist van Mieris'/><category term='Artist Coleman'/><category term='A Bargue'/><category term='Artist Belknap'/><category term='Artist Beale'/><category term='Artist Casorati'/><category term='Artist Guglielmi'/><category term='Artist Morris'/><category term='Artist Smith-HE'/><category term='Boating'/><category term='Artist Goodridge or Goodrich-Eliza'/><category term='Artist Arrufi'/><category term='1400s'/><category term='Artist Marc'/><category term='Artist Rodrigue'/><category term='Artist Caravaggio'/><category term='Patronage'/><category term='Artist Silverman'/><category term='Artist Kersting'/><category term='Artist Lorenzetti'/><category term='Artist Williams'/><category term='Artist Schwartze'/><category term='Artist Cope'/><category term='Artist Perugini'/><category term='Moon'/><category term='Artist Steward'/><category term='Artist Shishkin'/><category term='Artist Le Moyne'/><category term='Author Hentzner'/><category term='Artist Medearis'/><category term='Artist Toussaint'/><category term='Artist Wessel'/><category term='Coffee Tales'/><category term='Artist Israels'/><category term='Today in History'/><category term='A Taddeo Gaddi'/><category term='Artist Benton'/><category term='Artist Forbes'/><category term='Artist Hill'/><category term='A Chippendale'/><category term='Artist Linen'/><category term='Artist Stirum'/><category term='Artist White-W'/><category term='Artist Parsons'/><category term='Authors'/><category term='A Micheli'/><category term='Artist Pissarro'/><category term='Artist Ochtman'/><category term='Artist Byrd'/><category term='A Carpaccio'/><category term='Artist Pisano'/><category term='Artist Pascin'/><category term='Artist Muter'/><category term='Laundry'/><category term='Biography'/><category term='Children'/><category term='Artist Chase-AC'/><category term='Artist Henningsen'/><category term='Artist Brownscombe'/><category term='Artist Alexander-C'/><category term='Artist Tanoux'/><category term='Artist Lyalll'/><category term='Author - Cicero'/><category term='Artist Clarke'/><category term='Life Lived'/><category term='Artist Hines'/><category term='Artist Peale-CW'/><category term='Artist Allingham'/><category term='Thomas Jefferson'/><category term='Artist Gautier'/><category term='Artist Andrews'/><category term='Artist Bouguereau'/><category term='Artist Orchardson'/><category term='Artist Tait'/><category term='Artist Jennys'/><category term='Artist Monet'/><category term='Artist de Wint'/><category term='Louisiana'/><category term='A Moroni'/><category term='Artist Rockwell'/><category term='Artist Hublin'/><category term='A Pourbus the Younger'/><category term='Newton + Einstein'/><category term='Marketing'/><category term='Artist Tutunov'/><category term='Artist Douglas-A'/><category term='A Jordaens'/><category term='Artist Millais'/><category term='Artist Dial'/><category term='Artist Cosway'/><category term='Artist Rosso Fiorentino'/><category term='Artist Utter'/><category term='Artist Schiavone'/><category term='Artist Hathaway'/><category term='Milliner'/><category term='Artist Laszlo'/><category term='White House'/><category term='Artist Verrocchio'/><category term='Artist Iakovidis'/><category term='Revolution'/><category term='A Cavazzola'/><category term='Artist Leyster'/><category term='French Revolution'/><category term='Flowers for You'/><category term='Artist Bonfield'/><category term='Artist Curran'/><category term='Artist Dewing'/><category term='Artist Ochtervelt'/><category term='Artist Burchfield'/><category term='Artist Potthast'/><category term='Artist Lavery'/><category term='1300-1400s'/><category term='Artist Goodell'/><category term='Artist Metsys'/><category term='Author Muench'/><category term='Artist Fedotov'/><category term='Artist Hirzel'/><category term='Artist Herter'/><category term='Education'/><category term='Artist Duccio'/><category term='Artist Romanovich'/><category term='Their Own Words'/><category term='Artist Boudin'/><category term='Artist Heaton'/><category term='Artist Borsos'/><category term='A Cornelisz'/><category term='Author - Browning'/><category term='Artist Ebert'/><category term='A Carracci'/><category term='Artist Matisse'/><category term='Artist Giampietrino'/><category term='Connections'/><category term='Artist de Arellano'/><category term='Artist Perugino'/><category term='Artist Dambourgez'/><category term='Artist Gampenrieder'/><category term='A Luyckx'/><category term='Author Spenser'/><category term='Artist Gilchrist'/><category term='A Boltraffio'/><category term='Artist Citroen'/><category term='Older Women'/><category term='Artist Lambert'/><category term='Artist Wollheim'/><category term='Artist Fox'/><category term='Artist Anna'/><category term='Artist Brunner'/><category term='Ancient Cultures'/><category term='Artist Macke'/><category term='Artist Master of Saint George&apos;s Guild'/><category term='Artist Galloway'/><category term='Artist Kupka'/><category term='Artist Roelofs'/><category term='Artist Forain'/><category term='Music'/><category term='A da Lodi'/><category term='Artist Layng'/><category term='2010'/><category term='Artist Kato'/><category term='Artist Clausen'/><category term='Artist Thoma'/><category term='Artist Winterhalter'/><category term='Artist Gilbert-A'/><category term='Artist Sword'/><category term='Artist Anquetin'/><category term='Artist Maillol'/><category term='Artist Gifford-R'/><category term='Artist&apos;s Model Gaudin'/><category term='Artist Giotto'/><category term='Artist Beckman'/><category term='Artist Field'/><category term='Artist Boldini'/><category term='Artist Borisov-Musatov'/><category term='Artist Surikov'/><category term='A Hilliard'/><category term='Artist Mignot'/><category term='Artist Cima da Conegliano'/><category term='1700s American Art'/><category term='Artist Mauri'/><category term='Artist Wohlk'/><category term='Artist Maillart'/><category term='Artist Rembrandt'/><category term='Artist Lewis'/><category term='Artist Hempfing'/><category term='Orientalist'/><category term='Artist Bosquet'/><category term='Remember the Ladies'/><category term='Primary Source'/><category term='Artist Edzard'/><category term='Artist Danielson-Gambogi'/><category term='Cafe'/><category term='A Vermeer'/><category term='Artist Sutherland'/><category term='Artist Scheggia'/><category term='A Pontormo'/><category term='Artist Wiggins-GC'/><category term='Artist Ryman'/><category term='Artist Frieseke'/><category term='Artist Malczewski'/><category term='Holidays'/><category term='Schawarzschild + Hilbert'/><category term='Artist Renoir'/><category term='Artist Martini-F'/><category term='Artist Vento'/><category term='Self-Portraits'/><category term='Artist Dürer'/><category term='Author Cole'/><category term='Artist Picasso'/><category term='Artist Hartwell'/><category term='Artist Miller-S'/><category term='Artist Garber'/><category term='Artist van der Aack'/><category term='Artist Kilburne'/><category term='A Teerlinc or Teerling'/><category term='Artist Hopkins'/><category term='A Raphael'/><category term='Artist Sully'/><category term='Artist Bredt'/><category term='Artist Delacroix'/><category term='Artist Cooke'/><category term='Artist Chardin'/><category term='Artist Burne-Jones-E'/><category term='Artist Flagg'/><category term='Artist Solomko'/><category term='Artist Lhermitte'/><category term='Artist Gutmann'/><category term='Artist Waldo'/><category term='Artist Fildes'/><category term='Artist Renaldi'/><category term='Artist White-J'/><category term='Artist Somerville'/><category term='London'/><category term='Artist Rusinol'/><category term='Artist Goldsmith'/><category term='Artist Wacker'/><category term='Artist Garzoni'/><category term='Artist Weir'/><category term='Artist Lepaulle'/><category term='Author Lockwood'/><category term='Artist Bramantino'/><category term='Artist Hunt'/><category term='Artist Wollaston'/><category term='Artist Kandinsky'/><category term='Artist Spencer-G'/><category term='A Giorgione'/><category term='Artist Avery'/><category term='Artist Sargent'/><category term='Artist de Backer'/><category term='Artist Hitchcock'/><category term='Artist Edmonds'/><category term='Artist Pine'/><category term='Author Fagen'/><category term='Artist Eicholtz'/><category term='Artist Phillips-C'/><category term='Artist Bromberger'/><category term='Artist Green'/><category term='Artist Lidderdale'/><category term='Artist Anker'/><category term='Artist Bredin'/><category term='Artist Santi'/><category term='Artist Brea'/><category term='Artist Herring'/><category term='Artist Rich'/><category term='Breaking Waves'/><category term='Artist Ehrlich'/><category term='Artist Gauguin'/><category term='Artist Czauczik'/><category term='Artist Elinga'/><category term='Artist Bourgeoise'/><category term='Unique Perspectives'/><category term='Artist Landi'/><category term='Artist Scalbert'/><category term='Artist Theus'/><category term='Artist Stokes'/><category term='1100s'/><category term='Artist Bukovca'/><category term='Artist Uccello'/><category term='Artist Orpen'/><category term='Artist Goya'/><category term='Artist Borie'/><category term='Artist Cranach the Elder'/><category term='Artist Caraud'/><category term='Artist Krohg'/><category term='Artist Seisenegger'/><category term='Artist Leigh'/><category term='Artist Rossiter'/><category term='Editorial'/><category term='Artist Serra'/><category term='Author - Wordsworth'/><category term='Artist Serebriakova'/><category term='Artist Titian'/><category term='Times Gone By'/><category term='Blogs'/><category term='Artist Gallait'/><category term='Artist Brush'/><category term='A Aivazovsky'/><category term='Artist Lynch'/><category term='Artist Valtat'/><category term='Artist Van Eyck'/><category term='Artist Malouel'/><category term='Artist Magni'/><category term='Artist Cornelius'/><category term='Artist Soest-K'/><category term='Birthday'/><category term='Judith + Holofernes'/><category term='Artist Firth'/><category term='Artist MacKay or M&apos;Kay'/><category term='1800-1900s American Art'/><category term='Artist Hardy'/><category term='Artist Cauty'/><category term='A Fontana'/><category term='A Perugino'/><category term='A van Douven'/><category term='Artist Dudovich'/><category term='Artist Roberts-WP'/><category term='Artist van Biljert'/><category term='Artist Granville-Smith-WG'/><category term='Artist Clague'/><category term='Artist Oerder'/><category term='Artist Laurent'/><category term='A Gloucester Limner'/><category term='Artist Casas'/><category term='Artist Scholderer'/><category term='A Garzoni'/><category term='1500-1900s'/><category term='Artist Demont-Breton'/><category term='Artist Wallace'/><category term='Artist Thompson-JB'/><category term='Artist Mann'/><category term='Artist Boznanska'/><category term='Author Klink'/><category term='Art Glossary'/><category term='Artist Marlow'/><category term='Artist Perry-EW'/><category term='Artist Dix'/><category term='Artist Thegerstrom'/><category term='Artist Wheaton'/><category term='Artist Bonnier'/><category term='Artist Ward'/><category term='New England Fair'/><category term='1800s Women Artists'/><category term='Artist Gestel'/><category term='A Bettes-Younger'/><category term='Artist Gay'/><category term='Artist Benaglio'/><category term='Artist Rafael de Ochoa'/><category term='Artist Pratt'/><category term='Artist McQueen'/><category term='Artist Maliavin'/><category term='Artist Jewett'/><category term='Artist Altena'/><category term='1900s American Art'/><category term='Rust'/><category term='Artist Pearson'/><category term='Artist Svinin'/><category term='Artist Waters'/><category term='Artist Bellini'/><category term='Artist Farquharson'/><category term='Artist Lieberman'/><category term='Artist Moran'/><category term='A Scrots'/><category term='A Peeters'/><category term='Artist Drumaux'/><category term='Artist Churchill'/><category term='Artist van Roestraten'/><category term='Starch'/><category term='Artist Bearden'/><category term='A Weir'/><category term='Artist Benoist'/><category term='A Schjerfbeck'/><category term='Artist Nicholson'/><category term='Artist Rivera'/><category term='1300s'/><category term='A Gover'/><category term='Artist Conegliano'/><category term='Artist El Hortelano-José Alfonso Morera'/><category term='Fall'/><category term='Artist Guy'/><category term='Artist Bieler'/><category term='Women Leaders'/><category term='Artist Lippencott'/><category term='Artist Hall'/><category term='Author - Dickens'/><category term='A Lincinio'/><category term='Auctions'/><category term='Artist Kaula'/><category term='Artist Baldung'/><category term='A Bassano-F'/><category term='Artist Street'/><category term='Artist Jones-J'/><category term='Artist Veneziano'/><category term='Artist Bunce'/><category term='Artist Cordero'/><category term='Author Bronte'/><category term='Author Beddoes'/><category term='Artist Champney'/><category term='Artist Isenbrandt'/><category term='Artist Goeller'/><category term='A Aertsen'/><category term='Artist Gill'/><category term='Artist Curry'/><category term='Artist Sarto'/><category term='Nature Always Wins'/><category term='Artist Holman'/><category term='Artist Fisher'/><category term='Artist Guthrie'/><category term='Christmas'/><category term='Artist Ulrich'/><category term='Artist Bryant'/><category term='Artist Sassetta'/><category term='Artist Bazille'/><category term='Artist Peale-A'/><category term='Author Rossetti-C'/><category term='Artist Aspertini'/><category term='Artist Barabas'/><category term='Author-Wordsworth'/><category term='Artist Goeneutte'/><category term='Artist Endresz'/><category term='Civil War'/><category term='Artist Borovikovsky'/><category term='Artist Durrie'/><category term='Artist Green-M'/><category term='Artist Jackson'/><category term='A Cranach-Elder'/><category term='Artist Roling'/><category term='Artist Clark-P'/><category term='Artist Somov'/><category term='Artist Vasnetsov'/><category term='Artist Cederstrom'/><category term='A del Sarto'/><category term='Sewing + Textiles'/><category term='Artist Breitner'/><category term='Artist Boyce'/><category term='Artist Skipworth'/><category term='Artist Evenepoel'/><category term='Artist Leighton'/><category term='Artist Anshutz'/><category term='Artist Jeanniot'/><category term='Artist Grigorev'/><category term='Artist Neroccio'/><category term='Artist Woodville'/><category term='Artist Nicholls'/><category term='A Angu'/><category term='Artist Zhukovsky'/><category term='Icons'/><category term='Artist Tack'/><category term='Artist Slewinski'/><category term='A Bassano-J'/><category term='Artist Calderon'/><category term='Ruff'/><category term='Artist von Schneidau'/><category term='Artist Sax'/><category term='Green'/><category term='1900-2000s'/><category term='Artist Batthyany'/><category term='Artist Eybl'/><category term='Artist Grabach'/><category term='Artist de Hoog'/><category term='Artist Bricher'/><category term='Artist Mayer'/><category term='Artist Carriera'/><category term='Artist McCosh'/><category term='Artist Nisbet'/><category term='African Americans'/><category term='Artist Allen'/><category term='Artist Siddal'/><category term='1700s'/><category term='Castles'/><category term='Artist Jules'/><category term='Artist Sloan'/><category term='Artist von Amerling'/><category term='Artist Antipova'/><category term='Artist Durer'/><category term='Artist Richardson'/><category term='Artist Sudduth'/><category term='Artist Rippl-Ronai'/><category term='Artist Catlin'/><category term='A Rubens'/><category term='Artist Goodsir'/><category term='Artist Kneller'/><category term='Artist Sassaoferrato'/><category term='Artist Juel'/><category term='Artist Antonello'/><category term='Artist Eckel'/><category term='Artist Mitchell'/><category term='Artist Schad'/><category term='Artist Stone'/><category term='A Galizia'/><category term='Artist Waser'/><category term='Artist Hale'/><category term='Artist Gambogi'/><category term='A Holbein-Elder'/><category term='Artist Jervas'/><category term='Author - Aesop'/><category term='Artist Spencer-S'/><category term='Artist Beccaruzzi'/><category term='Artist di Credi'/><category term='Artist da Gauldo'/><category term='Artist Thierriat'/><category term='Artist de Predis'/><category term='Artist Halliday'/><category term='Artist Mammen'/><category term='Artist Meijer de Hann'/><category term='US History'/><category term='Artist David-G'/><category term='Artist Howell'/><category term='Artist Falk'/><category term='Artist Dearth'/><category term='Propaganda'/><category term='Artist Demuth'/><category term='Artist Geoffroy'/><category term='Artist Spencer-R'/><category term='Artist Gerard'/><category term='Artist Csontváry Kosztka'/><category term='A Bruegal the Younger'/><category term='Author - Epictetus'/><category term='Artist Larsson'/><category term='Artist de Laszlo'/><category term='Artist Mattenheimer'/><category term='Help Needed'/><category term='Artist Nolde'/><category term='American Families'/><category term='Artist Harvey'/><category term='Artist Simpson-V'/><category term='Artist Levy-Dhurmer'/><category term='Artist Turner-W'/><category term='1400-1500s'/><category term='Artist Veruda'/><category term='Goldfish'/><category term='Easter'/><category term='Artist Wilmarth'/><category term='Artist Rothko'/><category term='Artist Butler'/><category term='Snow + Winter'/><category term='Artist&apos;s Model Misia'/><category term='Artist Goodall'/><category term='Author Lawrence'/><category term='Artist&apos;s Model Olson'/><category term='Artist Matteo di Giovanni'/><category term='Artist Vanni'/><category term='Artist Millet-D'/><category term='A van Hemessen'/><category term='Artist Vermeer'/><category term='Artist Powers'/><category term='Artist Bonfigli'/><category term='Artist Hyneman'/><category term='Artist Peale-J'/><category term='Artist Prinsep'/><category term='French Revolution Artist'/><category term='Artist Deverell'/><category term='Artist Ranney'/><category term='Colonial Williamsburg'/><category term='A Akkeringa'/><category term='Artist de Paez'/><category term='Kimonos'/><category term='Artist Charreton'/><category term='Artist Hockney'/><category term='Artist Sirani-E'/><category term='Artist Driggs'/><category term='Writing'/><category term='Blue'/><category term='Artist Zichy'/><category term='Artist Weber'/><category term='Artist Jones-FC'/><category term='Artist Day'/><category term='Artist Fearon'/><category term='Artist Overbeck'/><category term='Artist Parker'/><category term='Artist Miller-KH'/><category term='A Kikodze'/><category term='Artist Ferrari'/><category term='Artist Strozzi'/><category term='Artist Torgensen'/><category term='Artist Bingham'/><category term='Artist John'/><category term='Artist Simpson-JA'/><category term='Artist Bruel'/><category term='Artist Lebasque'/><category term='Artist Degas'/><category term='Artist Bunny'/><category term='Artist Brinley'/><category term='Artist Gonzalès'/><category term='Random Old Things'/><category term='Artist Cowper'/><category term='A Amberger'/><category term='Artist Richir'/><category term='Artist Sugimoto'/><category term='Artist Johnston-W'/><category term='Artist Hanneman'/><category term='Artist DuParc'/><category term='Artist Khrutsky'/><category term='Artist Vernet'/><category term='Artist Inness'/><category term='Books'/><category term='Artist Moreau'/><category term='Artist Kahlo'/><category term='Artist Vishnyakov'/><category term='Artist Healy'/><category term='A Peale-C'/><category term='Artist Sonrel'/><category term='Artist Chuchill'/><category term='Artist Hacker'/><category term='Artist Tarkhoff'/><category term='Artist van Lennep'/><category term='Artist Bogomazov'/><category term='Artist Holley'/><category term='Artist Jordaens'/><category term='Artist Apperley'/><category term='Places'/><category term='A Adriaen van Utrecht'/><category term='Artist Courbert'/><category term='Artist Munch'/><category term='Artist Blakelock'/><category term='Artist Gonzalez'/><category term='Artist Maxence'/><category term='A Brusasorci'/><category term='Artist Mars'/><category term='Lady Liberty'/><category term='Artist Edelfelt'/><category term='Graffiti'/><category term='Artist Teerlinc'/><category term='Artist de Blaas'/><category term='Artist Kustodiev'/><category term='Elizabeth I'/><category term='1800-1900s'/><category term='1930s Great Depression'/><category term='Design'/><category term='A da Vinci'/><category term='Artist Duveneck'/><category term='A Eworth'/><category term='Artist Polyankov'/><category term='Countryside'/><category term='Artist de Silvestre'/><category term='Bluegrass'/><category term='Artist Alma-Tadema'/><category term='Artist Bacchiacca'/><category term='Artist Cezanne'/><category term='Artist Vlaminck'/><category term='Artist Johnson-MF'/><category term='A Gossart'/><category term='Artist Mucha'/><category term='A Holbein-Younger'/><category term='Artist Gilman'/><category term='A Lucas de Heere'/><category term='Artist Seignac'/><category term='Artist Modersohn-Becker'/><category term='Artist Duyckinck-G'/><category term='Artist Bugiardini'/><category term='Artist Peploe'/><category term='Artist Fouquet'/><category term='Artist Merian'/><category term='Artist Bridgeman'/><category term='Artist Giraud'/><category term='Artist Puett'/><category term='Artist Polk'/><category term='Artist Cassatt'/><category term='Artist Gentile da Fabriano'/><category term='Artist Witkowski'/><category term='Author - Seneca'/><category term='Woman Artist'/><category term='Artist Netscher'/><category term='Artist Earl-R'/><category term='A Tintoretto'/><category term='Artist Dryden'/><category term='Artist Araldi'/><category term='Artist Millet-JF'/><category term='Artist Dunlap'/><category term='Author - Herbert'/><category term='Artist Master of Calamarca'/><category term='Glistening'/><category term='Author Jollimore'/><category term='A Michelangelo'/><category term='Artist Vigee-Lebrun'/><category term='Artist Raoux'/><category term='Author - Proust'/><category term='Artist Haidt'/><category term='1700s American Women'/><category term='Artist Brewster'/><category term='A Strigel'/><category term='Artist Ferruzzi'/><category term='Artist Waugh'/><category term='Artist Steer'/><category term='School'/><category term='Artist Galkin'/><category term='Pink'/><category term='A Metsu'/><category term='Artist Davis-JH'/><category term='Artist Richards'/><category term='Artist Hamza'/><category term='Yellow'/><category term='Artist Cavallini'/><category term='Artist Pattee'/><category term='Artist Benbridge'/><category term='Artist Geertgen'/><category term='Artist Thompson-AW'/><category term='Artist Corinth'/><category term='Artist Reis'/><category term='Artist Claypoole'/><category term='Artist de Kooning'/><category term='Creatures'/><category term='Women Working'/><category term='Sky'/><category term='Artist Keyser'/><category term='Artist Guariento de Apro'/><category term='Author Poe'/><category term='Artist Thek'/><category term='Artist Johnson-WH'/><category term='Artist Calkin'/><category term='Artist Nybo'/><category term='Artist Popov'/><category term='Artist Breslau'/><category term='Artist Mosler'/><category term='Artist Peale-R'/><category term='Artist Boughton'/><category term='Artist Paxton'/><category term='Artist Bosschaert the Younger'/><category term='Slaves'/><category term='Artist Shaw'/><category term='Artist Ames'/><category term='Artist Fiorentino'/><category term='Mirrors'/><category term='Artist Bouts'/><category term='Christmas-South'/><category term='Artist Kovner'/><category term='Author Himes'/><category term='Artist Frans van Dael'/><category term='Artist Blackburn'/><category term='Artist Fra Lippi'/><category term='Artist Stearns'/><category term='A Kauw the Elder'/><category term='A Greuze'/><category term='Artist Weisz'/><category term='A van der Meulen'/><category term='Artist Bowdoin'/><category term='Artist Russell-MB'/><category term='American Revolution'/><category term='A Abbema'/><category term='Artist Hals'/><category term='Artist Johnson-JE'/><category term='Artist Tiepolo'/><category term='Artist Stubbs'/><category term='Artist Baldovinetti'/><category term='Artist Sherman Limner'/><category term='Artist Oldfield'/><category term='Artist Vallotton'/><category term='Artist Cotes'/><category term='Artist Polk-CP'/><category term='Artist Blanche'/><category term='Artist Czachorski'/><category term='Artist Steen'/><category term='Art African Americans'/><category term='Artist Anelli'/><category term='Artist Murry'/><category term='Woman&apos;s Proper Place'/><category term='Artist Gast'/><category term='Artist Brug'/><category term='Artist Bacher'/><category term='Artist Eastman'/><category term='Artist Holsoe'/><category term='Artist Mannheim'/><category term='Artist Stuart'/><category term='Artist de la Granadara'/><category term='A Pieter de Hooch'/><category term='Artist Martinez'/><category term='1600s Women Artists'/><category term='Artist Earl-J'/><category term='Artist Chambers'/><category term='Artist Sparks'/><category term='Family'/><category term='Artist Fetti'/><category term='Photos-African American'/><category term='Artist Polenov'/><category term='Dogs + Cats'/><category term='Artist Manguin'/><category term='Artist Moulthrop'/><category term='Artist Landelle'/><category term='Artist Wonter'/><category term='Artist Master of Flemalle'/><category term='Rain'/><category term='Artist Morisot'/><category term='Artist Nilus'/><category term='Artist Peel'/><category term='Artist Krimmel'/><category term='Artist Harmon'/><category term='Artist Millet-FD'/><category term='Artist Knox'/><category term='Artist Dering'/><category term='Washington DC'/><category term='A Rembrandt'/><category term='Artist Courbet'/><category term='Artist Baker'/><category term='Winter Garden Fantasy'/><category term='Religion'/><category term='Artist Gozzoli'/><category term='A Dou'/><category term='Artist Jacobson'/><category term='Artist Ghirlandaio'/><category term='Artist Hideo Date'/><category term='Artist Stillman'/><category term='Artist Durand'/><category term='Author Clifton'/><category term='Artist Inman'/><category term='A Passarotti'/><category term='Artist Weistling'/><category term='Artist Frith'/><category term='Artist Zinkeisen'/><category term='Artist dEspagnat'/><category term='A Bronzino'/><category term='Artist Morrison'/><category term='Artist Browere'/><category term='Artist Johansen'/><category term='Hammock'/><category term='Artist van Kuyck'/><category term='Artist Kirk'/><category term='&quot;Folk&quot; Art'/><category term='Artist van Brekelenkam'/><category term='2100s American Art'/><category term='Artist Brocky'/><category term='Artist Moser'/><category term='Artist Bracquemond'/><category term='Artist Johnston-H'/><category term='Artist Barzo'/><category term='Artist Raphael'/><category term='Artist Lotto'/><category term='Author Greene'/><category term='Artist Bulleid'/><category term='Artist Waterhouse'/><category term='Artist Lippi'/><category term='Artist Hassam'/><category term='Death'/><category term='Artist Vivarini'/><category term='A Quellinus'/><category term='Artist Bebie'/><category term='Artist Santvoort'/><category term='George Washington'/><category term='Artist Carlin'/><category term='Artist Desch'/><category term='Artist Mecklem'/><category term='Artist Beaux'/><category term='Artist Latrobe'/><category term='Artist Freeman'/><category term='Artist Hayllar'/><category term='Early Modern Women'/><category term='Artist Cressini'/><category term='Artist Holbein-Elder'/><category term='Artist Lhote'/><category term='Artist Faistauer'/><category term='Artist Nourse'/><category term='Artist Boilly'/><category term='Artist Lautrec'/><category term='Artist Munier'/><category term='Artist Lempicka'/><category term='Artist Henri'/><category term='Artist Van de Woestijne'/><category term='A Fasolo'/><category term='A Aba-Novak'/><category term='Artist Cox-WI'/><category term='Christmas-Slaves'/><category term='Fishing'/><category term='A Schalcken'/><category term='A Campi'/><category term='Artist Leslie'/><category term='In Their Own Words'/><category term='A Ingannati'/><category term='Artist Brown-Hueffer'/><category term='Artist Liebermann'/><category term='Artist Master of Frankfurt'/><category term='Artist Hiddeman'/><category term='Artist Ryabushkin'/><category term='Holidays - Thanksgiving'/><category term='Artist Alexander-JW'/><category term='Artist Grant'/><category term='Artist Swynnerton'/><category term='Artist Seghers'/><category term='Artist Kuhn'/><category term='Artist Hicks'/><category term='A Anguissola'/><category term='A Zurbaran'/><category term='Artist Donghi'/><category term='Artist Keller'/><category term='Artist Matteson'/><category term='Artist Miller-RE'/><category term='Artist Hamblin'/><category term='Artist Simmons'/><category term='Artist Antropov'/><category term='Artist Zmurko'/><category term='Artist Berruguete'/><category term='Artist Lely'/><category term='Artist&apos;s Model Violet'/><category term='English Royals'/><category term='Artist Klimt'/><category term='Artist O&apos;Keeffe'/><category term='Artist McClurg'/><category term='Artist Dou'/><category term='Artist Breck'/><category term='A Terborch'/><category term='Artist Chacon'/><category term='Artist Jalabert'/><category term='Artist Verworner'/><category term='Artist Brown-FM'/><category term='1700s Women Artists'/><category term='Holidays - Memorial Day'/><category term='Artist Flavell'/><category term='Artist Long'/><category term='A Lorenzetti-P'/><category term='Artist Holbein Younger'/><category term='Artist Signac'/><category term='Shoes'/><category term='Artist Kaufmann-I'/><category term='Artist Goodwin'/><category term='Artist Partridge'/><category term='Artist Reid'/><category term='Parasols'/><category term='1920s'/><category term='Artist Makovsky'/><category term='Magi'/><category term='Artist Alvarez'/><category term='A El Greco'/><category term='Artist Knight-L'/><category term='Artist King'/><category term='Author Lantz'/><category term='A Luini'/><category term='Artist Halle'/><category term='Artist West-GW'/><category term='Artist Hodler'/><category term='Artist Hesselius'/><category term='A Aked'/><category term='Artist Hendrickson'/><category term='Artist Ramsay'/><category term='Artist Siporin'/><category term='Uncommon Grace'/><category term='Artist Hawkins'/><category term='Dance'/><category term='Artist Master of St Lucy'/><category term='Reading'/><category term='Artist Thompson-SL'/><category term='Artist Devis'/><category term='Artist Crisp'/><category term='Artist Mondrian'/><category term='Artist Veneziano-D'/><category term='Artist Alsobrook'/><category term='Artist Segantini'/><category term='Flowers + Gardens'/><category term='Latin America'/><category term='Artist Johnson-JT'/><category term='Artist Bertram of Minden'/><category term='A Costa'/><category term='Artist Lehman'/><category term='Artist Benito'/><category term='A Maier'/><category term='Artist Peale-Re'/><category term='Artist Lichtenstein'/><category term='Artist Metsu'/><category term='Artist Burne-Jones'/><category term='Artist Repin'/><category term='Benjamin Frankilin'/><category term='Artist Nesterov'/><category term='Artist Malevich'/><category term='Artist Vermeyen'/><category term='Artist Genth'/><category term='Artist Freer'/><category term='Artist Kemm'/><category term='Artist Story'/><category term='Artist Signorini'/><category term='Artist Robinson'/><category term='Artist Fraser'/><category term='Artist Smith-A'/><category term='Artist Modigiani'/><category term='Artist Cross'/><category term='Artist Knight-H'/><category term='Artist Bastien-Lepage'/><category term='Author - Roosevelt-T'/><category term='Artist Klumpke'/><category term='Fans'/><category term='Artist Mortelmans'/><category term='Artist Hermans'/><category term='Artist Pickersgill'/><category term='Lincoln'/><category term='Artist Cobbett'/><category term='Artist Jernberg'/><category term='Artist Bellows-G'/><category term='Artist Young'/><category term='Artist Chadwick'/><category term='Artist Foppa'/><category term='A Pulzone'/><category term='Artist Dicksee'/><category term='Artist Criss'/><category term='Artist Cooper'/><category term='Artist Hickerson'/><category term='Artist Bogdanov-Belsky'/><category term='Artist Crivelli'/><category term='1900s-now'/><category term='Woman Author'/><category term='Artist Picabia'/><category term='Artist Hitchens'/><category term='Art History'/><category term='Artist de Arismendi'/><category term='A Ligozzi'/><category term='Artist Correggio'/><category term='Artist Ferris'/><category term='Artist Crockwell'/><category term='A Cariani'/><category term='1800s American Women'/><category term='Artist Bene'/><category term='Artist Botticelli'/><category term='Artist Zahrtmann'/><category term='Artist Sheeler'/><category term='Artist Maurer'/><category term='Artist Schuster'/><category term='Artist Daret'/><category term='Artist Mainardi'/><category term='Artist Rose'/><category term='Artist Meyer von Bremen'/><category term='Artist Peeters'/><category term='Author - Shakespeare'/><category term='Artist Badger'/><category term='Artist Kroyer'/><category term='Artist Giovanni di Paolo'/><category term='Author Sandburg'/><category term='Artist Grunewald'/><category term='Artist Christus'/><category term='Artist Ree'/><category term='1200-1300s'/><category term='Artist McIntosh'/><category term='Artist Moore'/><category term='Epiphany'/><category term='Artist Olano'/><category term='Random-Help Needed'/><category term='Artist Evans'/><category term='A Gentile da Fabriano'/><category term='A Cassana'/><category term='Artist Pisanello'/><category term='Artist Lentulov'/><category term='Creatures at Ease'/><category term='Artist Utrillo'/><category term='Artist Jarnefelt'/><category term='Artist Riggs'/><category term='Artist Waller'/><category term='A Albers-J'/><category term='A Forabosco'/><category term='Artist Munnoch'/><category term='A Beukelaer'/><category term='Artist Stefano da Verona'/><category term='Artist Heysen'/><category term='Frederick Law Olmsted'/><category term='Artist Felixmuller'/><category term='Artist Hesselius-G'/><category term='Artist Peale-SM'/><category term='Artist Ritman'/><category term='Moravian'/><category term='Artist Schryver'/><category term='Artist Wendel'/><category term='Artist Hamilton'/><category term='War + The Artist'/><category term='Sex'/><category term='Society'/><category term='Genre Painting'/><category term='Artist Johnson-J'/><category term='Artist Master of St Veronica'/><category term='Video'/><category term='Artist Cuyp'/><category term='Artist Ghirlandaio-R'/><category term='Artist Canaletto'/><category term='Artist Kobilca'/><category term='Artist Wollerman'/><category term='Artist Armfield'/><category term='Artist Walker-WA'/><category term='Artist Delaunay'/><category term='A Wertmuller'/><category term='Bonnets'/><category term='Hair + Hats'/><category term='Artist von Keller'/><category term='A Dossi'/><category term='Gravity + Time'/><category term='Artist Enjolras'/><category term='Mercy Otis Warren'/><category term='Artist McIlworth'/><category term='Artist Frothingham'/><category term='Artist Blunt'/><category term='A Boccaccino'/><category term='Artist Schramm'/><category term='Georgetown'/><category term='Artist Guy-S'/><category term='Artist Bouche'/><category term='Artist van Dorne'/><category term='War + Revolution'/><category term='Taking Care of One Another'/><category term='Artist Dietrich'/><category term='Artist Villers'/><category term='Artist Hall-GH'/><category term='Artist Twachtman'/><category term='Artist Comerre'/><category term='Artist Valette'/><category term='Models + Muses'/><category term='A Gheeraerts'/><category term='Artist Altman'/><category term='Artist Clonney'/><category term='Artist Blaas'/><category term='Artist&apos;s Model Testorf'/><category term='Artist van Hulstijn'/><category term='Artist Melozzo da Flori'/><category term='A Albers-A'/><category term='Artist Giacometti'/><category term='Artist Skarbina'/><category term='A Master AB'/><category term='Nazi Impact'/><category term='Flowers Indoors'/><category term='Artist Brookes'/><category term='Artist Meister des Hausbuches'/><category term='Artist Bunker'/><category term='Artist Dore'/><category term='Artist Caliga'/><category term='Artist Russell-W'/><category term='Artist Wood'/><category term='Artist Tonks'/><category term='Artist de&apos; Landi'/><category term='Artist Lehnert'/><category term='Artist Portaels'/><category term='Sisters'/><category term='Artist Master of the Castello Nativity'/><category term='Artist Henry'/><category term='Amish'/><category term='Poetry'/><category term='Artist Korovin'/><category term='Artist Hesselius-J'/><category term='Artist Kiplik'/><category term='A Vergilius Master'/><category term='400 B.C.'/><category term='1500s Women Artists'/><category term='Artist Roseland'/><category term='Artist Sassoferrato'/><category term='Kitchen'/><category term='Artist Keil'/><category term='Artist Smith-M'/><category term='Women Artists'/><category term='Artist Ancher-M'/><category term='A Licinio'/><category term='de Medici'/><category term='Artist Jaspers'/><category term='1800s-1900s American Art'/><category term='Artist&apos;s Model Cassatt'/><category term='Artist Melchers'/><category term='Artist Page-MD'/><category term='Interiors'/><category term='A Lorenzetti-A'/><category term='artist Jacobello del Fiore'/><category term='Artist Driskell'/><category term='Artist Lochner'/><category term='Artist Menzel'/><category term='Sports'/><category term='Artist Vuillard'/><category term='Artist Costa'/><category term='Artist Ancher-A'/><category term='Artist Zandomeneghi'/><category term='Native Americans'/><category term='Artist di Cosimo'/><category term='Artist Czobel'/><category term='Artist Steinlen'/><category term='Author Ostriker'/><category term='Artist Moroni'/><category term='Artist Savage'/><category term='A Vecchio'/><category term='1300-1700s'/><category term='Artist Pope'/><category term='Artist Walker-E'/><category term='Artist van Dyck-A'/><category term='Tea'/><category term='Angels'/><category term='Artist Verkolje'/><category term='Artist Bruegel the Elder'/><category term='Artist Thayer'/><category term='Artist Sparhawk-Jones'/><category term='Artist Bonnard'/><category term='Artist Palmer-WL'/><category term='Artist Tropinin'/><category term='Author Stevens'/><category term='Artist Paul Emile'/><category term='Artist Horemans'/><category term='Artist May'/><category term='1900s-now American Art'/><category term='Artist Danhauser'/><category term='Artist Conner'/><category term='Artist Tintoretto'/><category term='Artist Eakins'/><category term='At Home'/><category term='Artist Lepape'/><category term='Artist Laserstein'/><category term='Author Wycherley'/><category term='Artist Shannon'/><category term='&quot;Outsider&quot; Self-Taught Art'/><category term='Artist Hazelton'/><category term='Artist Huntington'/><category term='Artist Korff'/><category term='Artist Hubbell'/><category term='Artist Girardet'/><category term='Artist Ilsted'/><category term='Artist Gullager'/><category term='Artist Prior-Hamblin School'/><category term='Anne Hathaway&apos;s Garden'/><category term='Artist Whitehead'/><category term='Artist Lang'/><category term='Artist Hahn'/><category term='A Macrino d&apos;Alba'/><category term='Artist Nelson-L'/><category term='Artist Schall'/><category term='Artist Mantegna'/><category term='1900-2000s American Art'/><category term='Artist Metzmacher'/><category term='Artist Sano di Pietro'/><category term='Japonisme'/><category term='Prior-Hamblen School'/><category term='Birds'/><category term='Artist Barton'/><category term='Artist Tyranov'/><category term='A Horenbout'/><category term='Artist Ellis'/><category term='Artist Smibert'/><category term='Artist Terborch'/><category term='A Adriaenssen'/><category term='Still Lifes'/><category term='Author - Beecher'/><category term='Artist Smith-T'/><category term='Indoors'/><category term='Artist Liotard'/><category term='1500-1600s'/><category term='Artist Cassara'/><category term='Artist Barnes-J'/><category term='Artist Laing'/><category term='Artist Prendergast'/><category term='Chocolate'/><category term='Artist Hawthorne'/><category term='Artist Hartigan'/><category term='Artist Proctor'/><category term='Artist Lard'/><category term='Artist Hennessy'/><category term='Artist Philippus'/><category term='Artist Redfield'/><category term='Artist Cotton'/><category term='Artist Stevens'/><category term='Artist Liu Derun'/><category term='Artist Mattison'/><category term='Artist MacEwen'/><category term='Artist Raffaellino del Garbo'/><category term='Artist Hope'/><category term='Artist Leprin'/><category term='Artist Stoop'/><category term='Artist Glackens'/><category term='A Titian'/><category term='Artist Tarbell'/><category term='Artist Jones'/><category term='Artist van Beers'/><category term='Artist Longhi'/><category term='Author - Kennedy-JF'/><category term='Artist Watson-G'/><category term='Artist Close'/><category term='Artist Robbins'/><category term='Madonna + Child'/><category term='Artist Baucker'/><category term='Artist Zorya'/><category term='Artist Brooks-R'/><category term='Artist Nelson-CG'/><category term='Slavery'/><category term='Artist Chagall'/><category term='artist de Haan'/><category term='Artist Bruck'/><category term='Artist Titcomb'/><category term='Artist Tamayo'/><category term='Artist Sandys'/><category term='Artist Smith-W'/><category term='Artist van der Helst'/><category term='A Allori'/><category term='Artist Elliger the Elder'/><category term='Artist Page-W'/><category term='Artist Corot'/><category term='Artist Miro'/><category term='Artist Thompson'/><category term='A Tito di Santi'/><category term='Artist Dyce'/><category term='Artist de Ferrara'/><category term='Artist Boutet'/><category term='Artist Pontormo'/><category term='Artist Bowkett'/><category term='Artist Lippincott'/><category term='Artist McEwan'/><category term='Artist D&apos;Antonio'/><category term='Castas Paintings'/><category term='Artist De Arquer-Buigas'/><category term='Artist Fiske'/><category term='4th of July'/><category term='Artist Amans'/><category term='1200s'/><category term='Artist Krafft'/><category term='Artist Walter'/><category term='Artist Binart'/><category term='Artist Beckwith'/><category term='Artist Dine'/><category term='Artist Brown-JG'/><category term='Artist DeCamp'/><category term='Artist Perry-LC'/><category term='Motherhood'/><category term='Artist Vecchio'/><category term='Artist William Larkin School'/><category term='Artist Mount'/><category term='Artist Hildebrandt'/><category term='Artist Hopper'/><category term='Artist Benson'/><category term='Artist Hubbuch'/><category term='Artist Fortescue-Brickdale'/><category term='Artist Watson-J'/><category term='Artist Kadlik'/><category term='Artist Tissot'/><category term='Artist Oleszkiewicz'/><category term='Artist Tyrwhitt'/><category term='Artist Stubenrauch'/><category term='Artist Toulmouche'/><category term='Artist Helleu'/><category term='Steve Jobs'/><category term='Artist Homer'/><category term='Industry'/><category term='Artist Lockwood'/><category term='1400-1600s'/><category term='Artist Seurat'/><category term='Artist Josephson'/><category term='Author Defoe'/><category term='Author - Ray'/><category term='Artist Boucher'/><category term='Artist Bush'/><category term='Artist Cot'/><category term='Artist Pauli'/><category term='Artist Kilburn'/><category term='Artist Graves'/><category term='Artist Wood-TW'/><category term='1700-1900s'/><category term='Artist Rublev'/><category term='Author - Emerson'/><category term='Artist Jun'/><category term='Blog Business'/><category term='Artist Volk'/><category term='Artist Fratellini'/><category term='Artist Poynter'/><category term='Artist Dantan'/><category term='Artist Hermansz'/><category term='Artist Kirchner'/><category term='Artist Denis'/><category term='Artist Motley'/><category term='1700-1800s'/><category term='Artist Seybold'/><category term='Artist Vognild'/><category term='Artist La Farge'/><category term='Artist Johnson-A'/><category term='A Bugiardini'/><category term='Artist Dresser'/><category term='Artist Ambrogio de Predis'/><category term='Artist Ashe'/><category term='Holidays - Labor Day'/><category term='Artist Dodds'/><category term='A Clouet'/><category term='Author - Adams'/><category term='Artist Lemmen'/><category term='Author - Fletcher'/><category term='Artist Stacey'/><category term='Artist Thompson-CG'/><category term='Holidays - 4th of July'/><category term='Lace'/><category term='Artist Brescianino'/><category term='Ellis Island'/><category term='Artist Donat'/><category term='Artist Navez'/><category term='US Capitol'/><category term='Artist Wiley'/><category term='Artist van Dael'/><category term='Artist Købke'/><category term='Artist Gaertner'/><category term='1600-1700s'/><category term='A Durer'/><category term='Artist Gottlieb'/><category term='Artist Maril'/><category term='Artist Pesellino'/><category term='Artist Bridges'/><category term='Artist North'/><category term='Artist Schille'/><category term='A Lotto'/><category term='Artist Breton'/><category term='Artist Guillaumin'/><category term='Artist Serov'/><category term='Artist McCloskey'/><category term='Artist Bacon'/><category term='Artist Shaver'/><category term='A Polk'/><category term='A Metsys-Younger'/><category term='Artist Perrault'/><category term='Artist Meltsner'/><category term='Artist Sansovino'/><category term='Artist Hayden'/><category term='Artist Cadell'/><category term='Artist Lassalle'/><category term='Artist van Oost the Elder'/><category term='Artist Schiele'/><category term='Russian Art'/><category term='Artist Martini-S'/><category term='Artist Greenwood'/><category term='Artist Labille-Guiard'/><category term='Artist Vanderlyn-J'/><category term='Artist von Carolsfeld'/><category term='Artist Solomon'/><category term='Maundy Thursday'/><category term='Artist Festa'/><category term='Artist Santacker'/><category term='Pattern'/><category term='Artist Bounieu'/><category term='Artist Dean'/><category term='Artist Bruyn the Elder'/><category term='Dressing Tables'/><category term='Artist Pollaiolo'/><category term='Artist Forsyth'/><category term='Artist Bereny'/><category term='A Thomas'/><category term='Artist Grien'/><category term='Artist Whistler'/><category term='1500s'/><category term='Artist Gentileschi-O'/><category term='Artist Stewart'/><category term='Artist Camoin'/><category term='Artist Lenoir'/><category term='Artist Copley-J'/><category term='Artist Strehblow'/><category term='A Wtewael'/><category term='Artist Johnson-E'/><category term='Artist Bouve'/><category term='Dying'/><category term='Artist Medovic'/><category term='Somebody&apos;s Grandchildren'/><category term='Artist Emmet'/><category term='Artist Darby'/><category term='Author McClean'/><category term='Artist Maes'/><category term='Artist Ives'/><category term='Shopping'/><category term='Food'/><category term='Artist Watts'/><category term='Artist van Honthorst'/><category term='Artist Blacklock'/><category term='Artist van Gogh'/><category term='Artist Hodgkins'/><category term='Artist de Fabriano'/><category term='Artist Venetsianov'/><category term='Artist Eddy'/><category term='Artist Meyer'/><category term='Artist Mazzola'/><category term='A van Heemskerck'/><category term='Artist Puelma'/><category term='Artist Lieferinxe'/><category term='Author Shakespeare'/><category term='Artist Trumbull'/><category term='1600-1900s'/><category term='A del Brescianino'/><category term='Artist Campin'/><category term='Artist Feke'/><category term='Artist Roberts'/><category term='A Bellini-G'/><category term='Artist Morse'/><category term='Artist Bozhiy'/><category term='Artist Derain'/><category term='Artist Sharples'/><category term='Artist Brooks-T'/><category term='Artist Dali'/><category term='Artist Domenichino'/><category term='A Snyders'/><category term='A Furtenagel'/><category term='Artist Master of House Book'/><category term='Artist Webster'/><category term='Author - Pope'/><category term='Artist Goodridge or Goodrich-Sarah'/><category term='Artist Wiik'/><category term='Artist Manizer'/><category term='Artist Hills'/><category term='Artist Marchesini'/><category term='Artist Chandler'/><category term='Artist Preston'/><category term='A Millias'/><category term='Artist Hart'/><category term='Artist Wiles'/><category term='Artist Court'/><category term='Artist Geefs'/><category term='Artist Moll'/><category term='Artist da Verona'/><category term='Artist Redon'/><category term='A Greenwood'/><category term='Artist Konig'/><category term='Artist Clark'/><category term='Artist Hughes'/><category term='Artist Neilson'/><category term='Artist Wenzell'/><category term='A Veneto'/><category term='Artist Valadon'/><category term='Artist Rosenthal'/><category term='Artist Harding'/><category term='Artist Tucker'/><category term='Artist Chase'/><category term='1600s American Art'/><category term='Author Dickinson'/><category term='Artist Lohse-Wachtler'/><category term='Artist Vanderlyn-P'/><category term='1900s'/><category term='Artist de Nittis'/><category term='Artist Filonov'/><category term='Artist Juan de Flandes'/><category term='Artist Rokotov'/><category term='Artist von Becker'/><category term='Artist Taylor'/><category term='Artist Wontner'/><category term='Artist Le Clear'/><category term='Artist von Uhde'/><category term='Artist van Oosterwijck'/><category term='Artist Lartique'/><category term='Artist Gossaert'/><category term='Prints'/><category term='Artist Van Zandt'/><category term='Artist Caillebotte'/><category term='Artist Brackman'/><category term='Artist Budington'/><category term='Artist LeClear'/><category term='Author Keats'/><category term='1800s American Art'/><category term='Artist Lemoine'/><category term='Artist Carpaccio'/><category term='Fashion'/><category term='Artist Pellizza'/><category term='Artist Leibl'/><category term='Artist McCord'/><category term='Artist Strang'/><category term='Artist Fantin-Latour'/><category term='Artist Simpson'/><category term='Artist van Dongen'/><category term='Artist O&apos;Hara'/><category term='Artist Krouthen'/><category term='Artist Beyer'/><category term='Artist Herbo'/><category term='Artist Romano'/><category term='Photos'/><category term='Witches'/><category term='Artist Manet'/><category term='Artist West-B'/><category term='Author Becker'/><category term='Artist Bettersworth'/><category term='Author - Walton'/><category term='Artist Denman'/><category term='Artist Nyholm'/><category term='Artist Tojetti'/><category term='Artist Cimabue'/><category term='Beach - Waterside'/><category term='Artist Colburn'/><category term='Artist Hammershoi'/><category term='Artist Czyżewski'/><category term='A Maes'/><category term='Star Gazing'/><category term='Artist Altomonte'/><category term='Artist Stanton'/><category term='A Gentileschi'/><category term='1800s'/><category term='Artist Oldenburg'/><category term='Artist de Glehn'/><category term='Artist Phillips'/><category term='Artist Goncharova'/><category term='Artist Darien'/><category term='Artist&apos;s Model Utter'/><category term='Giorgio Vasari&apos;s Lives of the Artists'/><category term='It&apos;s About Time'/><category term='Artist Collins-R'/><category term='Artist Barney'/><category term='Spanish Art'/><category term='Artist Beardsley Limner'/><category term='Artist Thom'/><category term='Artist Prior'/><category term='Artist Pearce'/><category term='Artist How'/><category term='Artist Cooper-TS'/><category term='Artist Seago'/><category term='Artist Jourdan'/><category term='Artist Kennington'/><category term='Good Friday'/><category term='A Arcimboldi'/><category term='Artist Buck'/><category term='Artist Berni'/><category term='Artist Frantz'/><category term='Artist Vonnoh'/><category term='Artist Provost'/><category term='Artist Linard'/><category term='Water'/><category term='Artist Benczur'/><category term='Artist Taggart'/><category term='Artist de Lust'/><category term='A van Cleve'/><category term='Artist Kaufmann-T'/><category term='Artist Di Giorgio'/><category term='Artist Peck'/><category term='A Bordone'/><category term='Artist Gysis'/><category term='Artist Kramskoy'/><category term='Artist Clarin'/><category term='Artist Turner-HM'/><category term='Gilded Age'/><category term='Artist Rousseau'/><category term='Artist Tolliver'/><category term='Artist Sacco'/><category term='Artist Klee'/><category term='1600-1800s'/><category term='Artist Cotton-WH'/><category term='Artist Csok'/><category term='Artist Brunton'/><category term='Artist de Smet'/><category term='Families'/><category term='Artist Kauffman-A'/><category term='Artist Giorgione'/><category term='1500s American Art'/><category term='Artist Roberti'/><category term='Artist Schalcken'/><category term='Artist Gilbert'/><category term='Artist Vasquez'/><category term='Artist Bocchi'/><category term='Stonehenge'/><category term='Artist Forster'/><category term='Artist Spencer-LM'/><category term='1500s Food'/><category term='Artist Merle'/><category term='Artist Stott'/><category term='Author Sexton'/><category term='Artist Blake'/><category term='Artist Carte'/><category term='A Veronese'/><category term='Photos African American'/><category term='Artist Serusier'/><category term='Artist von Steuben'/><category term='Artist Smith-MT'/><category term='Artist Currin'/><category term='Artist Kendall'/><category term='Artist Singer'/><category term='Artist Derkovits'/><category term='Artist Gignoux'/><category term='Artist Wright'/><category term='Artist Bouliard'/><category term='Artist Fellowes-Prynne'/><category term='Artist Croegaert'/><category term='Artist Rossi'/><category term='Artist da Rocha'/><category term='Artist Memling'/><category term='Artist Richmond'/><category term='Artist Davis'/><category term='Artist&apos;s Model Valadon'/><category term='Artist Orlinsky'/><category term='Artist Celentano'/><category term='Artist Chavigny'/><category term='Artist Varma'/><category term='Artist Stanley'/><category term='1800s Art'/><category term='Artist Valmier'/><category term='Artist Grenness'/><category term='Artist Fleetwook-Walker'/><category term='Artist Barrett'/><category term='Artist Baegert'/><category term='Artist Smith-MR'/><category term='Artist Frymire'/><category term='Artist Rafferty'/><category term='Artist Ochtevelt'/><category term='Artist Rossetti'/><category term='Artist Lambdin'/><category term='1300-1600s'/><category term='Artist Bell'/><category term='Artist Chaplin'/><category term='Artist Blashfield'/><category term='Artist del Verrocchio'/><category term='Artist Capet'/><category term='Artist Grosz'/><title type='text'>It's About Time</title><subtitle type='html'>Searching centuries of Art, Nature, &amp;amp; Everyday Life for Unique Perspectives, Uncommon Grace, &amp;amp; Unexpected Insights.</subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default?max-results=100'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><link rel='next' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default?start-index=101&amp;max-results=100'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>2789</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>100</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-8761456965541364431</id><published>2012-02-11T11:12:00.004-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T14:26:32.136-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500-1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Cariani'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Rubens'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Micheli'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Fasolo'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Vecchio'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Cavazzola'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Ingannati'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Veronese'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Tintoretto'/><title type='text'>A Few More Robust Renaissance Women</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-l8RxP2Z1QNQ/Ty1T3vjChrI/AAAAAAAA2os/eRzjTE0HQxI/s1600/1570s%2BFrancesco%2BMontemezzano%252C%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2B%2528possibly%2BPicabella%2BPagliarani%252C%2Bwife%2Bof%2BGiacomo%2BRagazzoni%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-l8RxP2Z1QNQ/Ty1T3vjChrI/AAAAAAAA2os/eRzjTE0HQxI/s640/1570s%2BFrancesco%2BMontemezzano%252C%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2B%2528possibly%2BPicabella%2BPagliarani%252C%2Bwife%2Bof%2BGiacomo%2BRagazzoni%2529.jpg" width="552" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1570s Francesco Montemezzano (Italian, Venetian, ca. 1540–after 1602). Portrait of a Woman with a dog&amp;nbsp;(possibly Picabella Pagliarani, wife of Giacomo Ragazzoni)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_0aDbmTJYco/Ty1HCkvKYeI/AAAAAAAA2ig/NJsmukLJY9E/s1600/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BLady%2Bor%2BSaint%2BAgnes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_0aDbmTJYco/Ty1HCkvKYeI/AAAAAAAA2ig/NJsmukLJY9E/s640/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BLady%2Bor%2BSaint%2BAgnes.jpg" width="532" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) A Lady or Saint Agnes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;If you are a regular reader of this blog, you will know to expect duplicates of paintings you may have already seen repeated from time to time. When I do postings on women from the 1500s with their books or furs or&amp;nbsp;hats or&amp;nbsp;pets, or those who do not fit&amp;nbsp;21st century anorexic figure ideals, I often reuse portraits initially shown in a specific painter's posting. A redundancy or sort of an electronic cross-referencing. And, of course, I love these women; they make me feel so at home.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Pfks4FLubxs/Tzazifo424I/AAAAAAAA3jE/rvls-8vQ6yM/s1600/cf%2BLeandro%2BBassano%2B%2528Italian%2BMannerist%2BPainter%252C%2B1557-1622%2529%2BDogaressa%2BMorosina%2BMorosini%2Bc%2B1590.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Pfks4FLubxs/Tzazifo424I/AAAAAAAA3jE/rvls-8vQ6yM/s640/cf%2BLeandro%2BBassano%2B%2528Italian%2BMannerist%2BPainter%252C%2B1557-1622%2529%2BDogaressa%2BMorosina%2BMorosini%2Bc%2B1590.jpg" width="550" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Leandro Bassano (Italian Mannerist Painter, 1557-1622) Dogaressa Morosina Morosini c 1590&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SDBwFgDp_yY/Ty1HS88VrbI/AAAAAAAA2i4/KJzS1FfeK3s/s1600/Painting%2BAssociated%2Bwith%2Bthe%2BArtist%2Bor%2Bthe%2BWorkshop%2Bof%2BAlessandro%2BAllori%2B%25281535-1607%2529%2BBianca%2BCappello%2B%25281548-1587%2529%2B%25284%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-SDBwFgDp_yY/Ty1HS88VrbI/AAAAAAAA2i4/KJzS1FfeK3s/s640/Painting%2BAssociated%2Bwith%2Bthe%2BArtist%2Bor%2Bthe%2BWorkshop%2Bof%2BAlessandro%2BAllori%2B%25281535-1607%2529%2BBianca%2BCappello%2B%25281548-1587%2529%2B%25284%2529.jpg" width="508" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Painting Associated with the Artist or the Workshop of Alessandro Allori (1535-1607) Bianca Cappello (1548-1587)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Ehw9IHwu9xk/TzbAxCz6b6I/AAAAAAAA3kw/yInaS0G7Y08/s1600/Francesco%2BMontemezzano%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BVenetian%252C%2Bca.%2B1540%25E2%2580%2593after%2B1602%2529.%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bwith%2Ba%2BSquirrel.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Ehw9IHwu9xk/TzbAxCz6b6I/AAAAAAAA3kw/yInaS0G7Y08/s640/Francesco%2BMontemezzano%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BVenetian%252C%2Bca.%2B1540%25E2%2580%2593after%2B1602%2529.%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bwith%2Ba%2BSquirrel.jpg" width="473" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Francesco Montemezzano (Italian, Venetian, ca. 1540–after 1602). Portrait of a Lady with a Squirrel &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-86yVIrKfa5U/Ty1NCHngKOI/AAAAAAAA2kk/GX32vf-4OPI/s1600/8" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-86yVIrKfa5U/Ty1NCHngKOI/AAAAAAAA2kk/GX32vf-4OPI/s640/8" width="512" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Giovanni Cariani (c. 1490 – 1547) Portrait of a Woman 1500s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vhyE05uudL4/Ty1NM-Kx22I/AAAAAAAA2kw/SXeluHFsiZY/s1600/9" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vhyE05uudL4/Ty1NM-Kx22I/AAAAAAAA2kw/SXeluHFsiZY/s400/9" width="305" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Giovanni Cariani (c. 1490 – 1547), Portrait of a Lady c 1560s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xwilJ4Ui8vk/Ty1NcwEmkDI/AAAAAAAA2lI/8HufM2bmmRY/s1600/11.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xwilJ4Ui8vk/Ty1NcwEmkDI/AAAAAAAA2lI/8HufM2bmmRY/s640/11.jpg" width="532" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Palma Vecchio (1480-1528), Portrait of Paola Priuli Querini 1527-28&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ElFrnrpTx-0/Ty1N1KOWNsI/AAAAAAAA2lU/dtZMXdukmLs/s1600/12" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ElFrnrpTx-0/Ty1N1KOWNsI/AAAAAAAA2lU/dtZMXdukmLs/s640/12" width="470" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Moranda Cavazzola (1486–1522) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ssKVPkCQogg/Tza2jgGnYMI/AAAAAAAA3jo/ygXvGOsMYeo/s1600/cf.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ssKVPkCQogg/Tza2jgGnYMI/AAAAAAAA3jo/ygXvGOsMYeo/s640/cf.jpg" width="513" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (1528–1588) Portrait of a Lady c 1580s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2Dz6NVbhB6w/Ty1RK_gbdEI/AAAAAAAA2n8/JVIgMN9LOLA/s1600/1545%2BConrad%2BFaber%2Bvon%2BKreuznach%2B%25281490-1553%2529%2BAnna%2Bvon%2BGlauburg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2Dz6NVbhB6w/Ty1RK_gbdEI/AAAAAAAA2n8/JVIgMN9LOLA/s640/1545%2BConrad%2BFaber%2Bvon%2BKreuznach%2B%25281490-1553%2529%2BAnna%2Bvon%2BGlauburg.jpg" width="468" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1545 Conrad Faber von Kreuznach (1490-1553) Anna von Glauburg&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ErjqSTjwIjQ/Ty5ReZ0tdaI/AAAAAAAA2r4/IOxjw2_Yfb0/s1600/1552%2BCatherine%2Bof%2BAustria%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BPortugal%2Bby%2BAntonio%2BMor.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ErjqSTjwIjQ/Ty5ReZ0tdaI/AAAAAAAA2r4/IOxjw2_Yfb0/s640/1552%2BCatherine%2Bof%2BAustria%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BPortugal%2Bby%2BAntonio%2BMor.bmp" width="425" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1552 Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal by Antonio Mor&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_HCoi5zjHIM/Tza9h6qE05I/AAAAAAAA3kY/3Xv8t4ur1KE/s1600/OL%2B1550%2BFrancesco%2BMontemezzano%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BVenetian%252C%2Bca.%2B1540%25E2%2580%2593after%2B1602%2529.%2BVenetian%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_HCoi5zjHIM/Tza9h6qE05I/AAAAAAAA3kY/3Xv8t4ur1KE/s640/OL%2B1550%2BFrancesco%2BMontemezzano%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BVenetian%252C%2Bca.%2B1540%25E2%2580%2593after%2B1602%2529.%2BVenetian%2BWoman.jpg" width="502" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;550 Francesco Montemezzano (Italian, Venetian, ca. 1540–after 1602). Venetian Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Bvind1znllo/Tza3XRNIHcI/AAAAAAAA3j0/Nszy32OeDdo/s1600/OL%2BFollower%2Bof%2BTitian%2BPerhaps%2BPellerrina%2BMorosini%2BCapello%2Bc%2B1558.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Bvind1znllo/Tza3XRNIHcI/AAAAAAAA3j0/Nszy32OeDdo/s640/OL%2BFollower%2Bof%2BTitian%2BPerhaps%2BPellerrina%2BMorosini%2BCapello%2Bc%2B1558.jpg" width="539" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Follower of Titian Perhaps Pellerrina Morosini Capello c 1558&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ry9_z6MPH6k/Tza1D7Tg9SI/AAAAAAAA3jQ/4i1pxRSkSdw/s1600/OL%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%25281528%25E2%2580%25931588%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ry9_z6MPH6k/Tza1D7Tg9SI/AAAAAAAA3jQ/4i1pxRSkSdw/s640/OL%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%25281528%25E2%2580%25931588%2529.jpg" width="465" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (1528–1588) Portrait of a Woman, Called La Bella Nani&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-X4iCtsx_ZkM/Tza1ZRsU6RI/AAAAAAAA3jc/pcM6iLkzAZc/s1600/OL%2BParrasio%2BMicheli%2B1550.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-X4iCtsx_ZkM/Tza1ZRsU6RI/AAAAAAAA3jc/pcM6iLkzAZc/s640/OL%2BParrasio%2BMicheli%2B1550.jpg" width="532" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Parrasio Micheli  Portrait of a Venetian Woman c1550s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Sh-nQPqtzd8/Tza8ooIJO-I/AAAAAAAA3kM/qThg-UO8eS4/s1600/OL_157%257E1.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Sh-nQPqtzd8/Tza8ooIJO-I/AAAAAAAA3kM/qThg-UO8eS4/s640/OL_157%257E1.JPG" width="478" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (1528–1588), Portrait of a Venetian Lady 1570&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-h1LXg5Xixmo/Ty5KS7VH_LI/AAAAAAAA2rI/fiuwbPVRIeU/s1600/1540%2BHans%2BEworth%2B%2528c%2B1520-1547%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BLady%2BDacre.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-h1LXg5Xixmo/Ty5KS7VH_LI/AAAAAAAA2rI/fiuwbPVRIeU/s640/1540%2BHans%2BEworth%2B%2528c%2B1520-1547%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BLady%2BDacre.jpg" width="508" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1540 Hans Eworth (c 1520-1547) Portrait of Lady Dacre&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-D97qkbOJbRw/Ty1PmBoNIAI/AAAAAAAA2nA/JByp1a0VRYY/s1600/20.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-D97qkbOJbRw/Ty1PmBoNIAI/AAAAAAAA2nA/JByp1a0VRYY/s640/20.jpg" width="476" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pietro degli Ingannati ( fl Venice, 1529-48). Portrait of a Young Lady c 1515&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-XZpFqqdTvoQ/Ty1PwAb7sqI/AAAAAAAA2nM/uvN4gQLjYj8/s1600/21.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-XZpFqqdTvoQ/Ty1PwAb7sqI/AAAAAAAA2nM/uvN4gQLjYj8/s640/21.jpg" width="472" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Tintoretto (Jacopo Robusti) (1518-94). Portrait of a Lady c 1570s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--xzZI4liv4A/Tza_qbJstlI/AAAAAAAA3kk/5s0DsKzsYRY/s1600/cf%2BDomenico%2BRobusti%2BTintoretto%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BCourtesan%2Bc%2B1590.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--xzZI4liv4A/Tza_qbJstlI/AAAAAAAA3kk/5s0DsKzsYRY/s640/cf%2BDomenico%2BRobusti%2BTintoretto%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BCourtesan%2Bc%2B1590.jpg" width="534" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Tintoretto Domenico Robusti (1560-1635) Portrait of a Courtesan c 1600&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Dg3BN-mKP-w/Ty1QB8mknEI/AAAAAAAA2nk/Rbn1PkmEGjE/s1600/23.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Dg3BN-mKP-w/Ty1QB8mknEI/AAAAAAAA2nk/Rbn1PkmEGjE/s640/23.jpg" width="556" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Jacopo Robusti Tintoretto (1518 - 1594) Portrait of a Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zCyWH-4dY5w/Ty1QNDGK9yI/AAAAAAAA2nw/wXD1FQRehHs/s1600/25.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zCyWH-4dY5w/Ty1QNDGK9yI/AAAAAAAA2nw/wXD1FQRehHs/s400/25.jpg" width="292" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Unknown artist of the Venetian School, 1540s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RL402TKg-iE/Ty1Uqk0npnI/AAAAAAAA2o4/PAwLwp9uOzc/s1600/1570s%2BAnonymous%2BBrescian%2BArtist%252C%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RL402TKg-iE/Ty1Uqk0npnI/AAAAAAAA2o4/PAwLwp9uOzc/s640/1570s%2BAnonymous%2BBrescian%2BArtist%252C%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" width="444" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1570s Anonymous Brescian Artist, Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-8761456965541364431?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/8761456965541364431/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/few-robust-renaissance-women.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/8761456965541364431'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/8761456965541364431'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/few-robust-renaissance-women.html' title='A Few More Robust Renaissance Women'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-l8RxP2Z1QNQ/Ty1T3vjChrI/AAAAAAAA2os/eRzjTE0HQxI/s72-c/1570s%2BFrancesco%2BMontemezzano%252C%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2B%2528possibly%2BPicabella%2BPagliarani%252C%2Bwife%2Bof%2BGiacomo%2BRagazzoni%2529.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-1386261743370292820</id><published>2012-02-11T10:53:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T13:04:20.265-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Lincinio'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>1500s A Few Seductive Women of Substance by Bernardino Licinio 1489-1565</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-RW9ks35_epo/TzaJAMeDRaI/AAAAAAAA3d0/btdKgSn68JM/s1600/1%2B1522%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281498-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-RW9ks35_epo/TzaJAMeDRaI/AAAAAAAA3d0/btdKgSn68JM/s640/1%2B1522%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281498-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg" width="561" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1522 Bernardino Licinio (1498-1565) Portrait of a Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Bernardino Licinio (c. 1489–1565) was an Italian High Renaissance painter of Venice &amp;amp; Lombardy. Bernardino Licinio painted both secular portraits &amp;amp; religious works. He was born in Bergamo in the town of Lombardy. Some speculate that he may have trained in the studio of Giovanni Bellini (1430 -1516). As his work changed over time, his paintings indicate that Licinio stayed close to the the most recent artistic developments of the Venetian school of painting. Bernardino Licinio was part of an artistic family, going on to train his nephew Giulio Licino (1527–1584). Bernardino’s brother, Arrigo (Giulio’s father) was also a painter, as was another brother, Fabio. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3PKT-xAU5Bo/TzaJYBrTCtI/AAAAAAAA3eA/9PT-NCEKrIE/s1600/2%2B1524%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3PKT-xAU5Bo/TzaJYBrTCtI/AAAAAAAA3eA/9PT-NCEKrIE/s640/2%2B1524%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529.jpg" width="502" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1524 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nZ4rNn6q190/TzaJ_Gw7PhI/AAAAAAAA3eM/tUNMIlzNY5E/s1600/3%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25284%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="352" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nZ4rNn6q190/TzaJ_Gw7PhI/AAAAAAAA3eM/tUNMIlzNY5E/s400/3%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25284%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cke1C6XDhcc/TzaKGtcq9LI/AAAAAAAA3eY/1wP-cXvAKG8/s1600/4%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BA%2BWoman%2Band%2Bher%2BLove.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="291" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-cke1C6XDhcc/TzaKGtcq9LI/AAAAAAAA3eY/1wP-cXvAKG8/s400/4%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BA%2BWoman%2Band%2Bher%2BLove.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) A Woman and her Love&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-h_NK6sr4LCQ/TzaKNK_YBlI/AAAAAAAA3ek/UHhB6EnGpJQ/s1600/5%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-h_NK6sr4LCQ/TzaKNK_YBlI/AAAAAAAA3ek/UHhB6EnGpJQ/s640/5%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B1.jpg" width="539" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-X9e7HNuSYdQ/TzaLLiJO4wI/AAAAAAAA3ew/M6-yTsRnvdA/s1600/6%2B1540s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BHelena%2BCapella.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-X9e7HNuSYdQ/TzaLLiJO4wI/AAAAAAAA3ew/M6-yTsRnvdA/s640/6%2B1540s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BHelena%2BCapella.jpg" width="523" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1540s Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Helena Capella&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yT4KMW2T20A/TzaLS7E3_tI/AAAAAAAA3e8/mzLpRmVOBYI/s1600/7%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yT4KMW2T20A/TzaLS7E3_tI/AAAAAAAA3e8/mzLpRmVOBYI/s640/7%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="491" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SO91amacsQA/TzaLfKoU6oI/AAAAAAAA3fI/Y1FUPtx4aiM/s1600/8%2B1525%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BWoman%2Bwith%2Bbook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-SO91amacsQA/TzaLfKoU6oI/AAAAAAAA3fI/Y1FUPtx4aiM/s640/8%2B1525%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BWoman%2Bwith%2Bbook.jpg" width="444" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1525 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Woman with book&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YcR1AJJxObQ/TzaL4kjUEwI/AAAAAAAA3fU/iHy-ewSiS14/s1600/9%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YcR1AJJxObQ/TzaL4kjUEwI/AAAAAAAA3fU/iHy-ewSiS14/s640/9%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B4.jpg" width="550" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Z8FCVTdTVSY/TzaL-2vBm6I/AAAAAAAA3fg/4960ZFoFWAs/s1600/10%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Z8FCVTdTVSY/TzaL-2vBm6I/AAAAAAAA3fg/4960ZFoFWAs/s640/10%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="516" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-68bjz-4TG8M/TzaMFJOikxI/AAAAAAAA3fs/1yx_PblaiDI/s1600/11%2B1533%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-68bjz-4TG8M/TzaMFJOikxI/AAAAAAAA3fs/1yx_PblaiDI/s640/11%2B1533%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" width="534" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1533 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_7uon_07Xqo/TzaMcLh7hLI/AAAAAAAA3f4/k5voERLAaeg/s1600/12%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_7uon_07Xqo/TzaMcLh7hLI/AAAAAAAA3f4/k5voERLAaeg/s640/12%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg" width="545" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jaH-VB32fR0/TzaMiYxd4pI/AAAAAAAA3gE/JOVVEJwC74o/s1600/13%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25283%2529.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jaH-VB32fR0/TzaMiYxd4pI/AAAAAAAA3gE/JOVVEJwC74o/s640/13%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25283%2529.JPG" width="545" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-a93mogf3ONc/TzaMor1g8JI/AAAAAAAA3gQ/y_79AQ6bnlk/s1600/14%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25285%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-a93mogf3ONc/TzaMor1g8JI/AAAAAAAA3gQ/y_79AQ6bnlk/s640/14%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25285%2529.jpg" width="544" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bh3zfZ3_fhM/TzaMuUxHo9I/AAAAAAAA3gc/9uIUp4x-GEg/s1600/15%2B%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BAllegory%2Bof%2BLove.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bh3zfZ3_fhM/TzaMuUxHo9I/AAAAAAAA3gc/9uIUp4x-GEg/s400/15%2B%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BAllegory%2Bof%2BLove.jpg" width="390" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Allegory of Love&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6lg8tCVJsIk/TzaM4LhBDpI/AAAAAAAA3go/PrKrz26UPpE/s1600/16%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6lg8tCVJsIk/TzaM4LhBDpI/AAAAAAAA3go/PrKrz26UPpE/s640/16%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="545" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Q-MDtcEhzYY/TzaM-q3z9DI/AAAAAAAA3g0/v4aXAgcyldA/s1600/17%2B1525%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BAn%2BAllegory.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="322" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Q-MDtcEhzYY/TzaM-q3z9DI/AAAAAAAA3g0/v4aXAgcyldA/s400/17%2B1525%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BAn%2BAllegory.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1525 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) An Allegory&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-C2mx7Qs3PO4/TzaNFs57vKI/AAAAAAAA3hA/tWpRFcWMTPI/s1600/18%2B%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BWoman%2Bwith%2BHusband%2527s%2BPortrait.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="337" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-C2mx7Qs3PO4/TzaNFs57vKI/AAAAAAAA3hA/tWpRFcWMTPI/s400/18%2B%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BWoman%2Bwith%2BHusband%2527s%2BPortrait.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Woman with Husband's Portrait&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZDi6D8OHaao/TzaNMladg0I/AAAAAAAA3hM/F_yOQIduEWI/s1600/19%2B1520s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ZDi6D8OHaao/TzaNMladg0I/AAAAAAAA3hM/F_yOQIduEWI/s400/19%2B1520s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bb.jpg" width="399" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1520s Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565)  Portrait of a Lady &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-U3JBcmCFDe8/TzatdRceL5I/AAAAAAAA3i4/2DKnWTqbuh8/s1600/Bernardino%2BLicinio%2Bc%2B1540.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-U3JBcmCFDe8/TzatdRceL5I/AAAAAAAA3i4/2DKnWTqbuh8/s640/Bernardino%2BLicinio%2Bc%2B1540.jpg" width="539" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1540 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565)  Portrait of a Lady &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Eu5Z5QlS-g0/TzaNUe-vaVI/AAAAAAAA3hY/iCIDPMty35k/s1600/20%2B1520-25%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BA%2BConcert.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="332" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Eu5Z5QlS-g0/TzaNUe-vaVI/AAAAAAAA3hY/iCIDPMty35k/s400/20%2B1520-25%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BA%2BConcert.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1520-25 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) A Concert&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gZHLA8dBIek/TzaNa15IsTI/AAAAAAAA3hk/gSmAeDIPQCs/s1600/21%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gZHLA8dBIek/TzaNa15IsTI/AAAAAAAA3hk/gSmAeDIPQCs/s640/21%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" width="526" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CyaWMcSp4lQ/TzaN_dX9ASI/AAAAAAAA3hw/N5VtgVuSVU8/s1600/22%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BA%2BConcert.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="261" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CyaWMcSp4lQ/TzaN_dX9ASI/AAAAAAAA3hw/N5VtgVuSVU8/s400/22%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BA%2BConcert.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) A Concert&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oNQPbrt8-ac/TzaOGBHKdzI/AAAAAAAA3h8/YZQATTLByQ0/s1600/23%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oNQPbrt8-ac/TzaOGBHKdzI/AAAAAAAA3h8/YZQATTLByQ0/s640/23%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bb.jpg" width="529" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Bh5rPHPSEKA/TzaONVXsRfI/AAAAAAAA3iI/4SXwNoaq-lI/s1600/24%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BA%2BConcert%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="264" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Bh5rPHPSEKA/TzaONVXsRfI/AAAAAAAA3iI/4SXwNoaq-lI/s400/24%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BA%2BConcert%2B2.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) A Concert&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UqLyyGLIg38/TzaOTkcajWI/AAAAAAAA3iU/RSuA20rzOcA/s1600/25%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BLady%2Bwith%2Ba%2BBook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UqLyyGLIg38/TzaOTkcajWI/AAAAAAAA3iU/RSuA20rzOcA/s640/25%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BLady%2Bwith%2Ba%2BBook.jpg" width="507" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Lady with a Book&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bfvPr35Xq9s/TzaOaTOvLhI/AAAAAAAA3ig/RpEbS2Nr-NA/s1600/26%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-bfvPr35Xq9s/TzaOaTOvLhI/AAAAAAAA3ig/RpEbS2Nr-NA/s640/26%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2B9.jpg" width="552" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Lady and a Lamb&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qEXPgsY6PAQ/TzaOhXh57PI/AAAAAAAA3is/d6l9AgL47fs/s1600/27%2B1550%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qEXPgsY6PAQ/TzaOhXh57PI/AAAAAAAA3is/d6l9AgL47fs/s640/27%2B1550%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" width="464" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1550 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565)  Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-1386261743370292820?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/1386261743370292820/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/1500s-few-seductive-women-of-substance.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/1386261743370292820'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/1386261743370292820'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/1500s-few-seductive-women-of-substance.html' title='1500s A Few Seductive Women of Substance by Bernardino Licinio 1489-1565'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-RW9ks35_epo/TzaJAMeDRaI/AAAAAAAA3d0/btdKgSn68JM/s72-c/1%2B1522%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281498-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-2458781094527180339</id><published>2012-02-11T08:23:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T08:31:45.586-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Coffee Tales'/><title type='text'>Coffee Tales</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9IcTIh7Fm0U/TzZqRI04NMI/AAAAAAAA3dc/j3duSLTYOb0/s1600/c%2Buntitlaaed.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="375" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9IcTIh7Fm0U/TzZqRI04NMI/AAAAAAAA3dc/j3duSLTYOb0/s400/c%2Buntitlaaed.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Nicolas Lancret (French artist, 1690-1743) Ladies In A Garden Taking Coffee With Some Children 1742&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Suave molecules of Mocha stir up your blood, without causing excess heat; the organ of thought receives from it a feeling of sympathy; work becomes easier and you will sit down without distress to your principal repast which will restore your body and afford you a calm, delicious night. &lt;br /&gt;French statesman Charles Maurice de Talleyrand (1754-1838)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Ms_qBegsnD4/TzZrJtDVm4I/AAAAAAAA3do/7zEwfbaYZKM/s1600/Talleyrand%2Bby%2BJean-Baptiste%2BGreuze.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Ms_qBegsnD4/TzZrJtDVm4I/AAAAAAAA3do/7zEwfbaYZKM/s400/Talleyrand%2Bby%2BJean-Baptiste%2BGreuze.bmp" width="308" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Charles Maurice de Talleyrand (1754-1838) by Jean-Baptiste Greuze (French artist, 1725-1805)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Coffee"&gt;For more early morning coffee tales, click here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-2458781094527180339?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/2458781094527180339/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales_11.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2458781094527180339'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2458781094527180339'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales_11.html' title='Coffee Tales'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9IcTIh7Fm0U/TzZqRI04NMI/AAAAAAAA3dc/j3duSLTYOb0/s72-c/c%2Buntitlaaed.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6866351706457696412</id><published>2012-02-11T07:03:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T08:28:51.671-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500-1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Madonna + Child'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><title type='text'>Madonna &amp; Child by Annibale Carracci 1560-1609</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZSuaezlUa74/TzZn8-Vm4KI/AAAAAAAA3cs/sWRv4cIA4nA/s1600/Annibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily%2Bwith%2BSt%2BJohn.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="240" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZSuaezlUa74/TzZn8-Vm4KI/AAAAAAAA3cs/sWRv4cIA4nA/s400/Annibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily%2Bwith%2BSt%2BJohn.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) The Holy Family with St John&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-773hQyz7nyo/TzZoJX_M7iI/AAAAAAAA3c4/KMvQ0rklvgs/s1600/Annibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BMadonna%2BEntroned%2Bwith%2BSaints.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-773hQyz7nyo/TzZoJX_M7iI/AAAAAAAA3c4/KMvQ0rklvgs/s640/Annibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BMadonna%2BEntroned%2Bwith%2BSaints.jpg" width="419" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) Madonna Entroned with Saints&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1ltR11tVRfI/TzZoztxC-SI/AAAAAAAA3dQ/Drequc7mNfk/s1600/Annibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-1ltR11tVRfI/TzZoztxC-SI/AAAAAAAA3dQ/Drequc7mNfk/s400/Annibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily.jpg" width="350" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) The Holy Family &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this blog, I try to begin each day with a painting of the Madonna &amp;amp; Child. It centers me; connects me to the past; &amp;amp; encourages me to post some of the religious paintings which were the core of early Western art. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Madonna%20%2B%20Child"&gt;Click here for other Madonna images from this blog.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6866351706457696412?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6866351706457696412/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-by-annibale-carracci-1560.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6866351706457696412'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6866351706457696412'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-by-annibale-carracci-1560.html' title='Madonna &amp; Child by Annibale Carracci 1560-1609'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ZSuaezlUa74/TzZn8-Vm4KI/AAAAAAAA3cs/sWRv4cIA4nA/s72-c/Annibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily%2Bwith%2BSt%2BJohn.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6717573760230723435</id><published>2012-02-10T16:00:00.010-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T17:28:07.438-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tea'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Artist Gutmann'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1800-1900s'/><title type='text'>Relax &amp; have some tea...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dm9BPmlKZcI/TxbvwXGUkbI/AAAAAAAA0pM/7ibrBxW97AI/s1600/t15%2BBernhard%2BGutmann%2B%2528German%2Bpainter%252C%2B1869-1936%2529%2BImari%2BTea%2BSet.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="352" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dm9BPmlKZcI/TxbvwXGUkbI/AAAAAAAA0pM/7ibrBxW97AI/s400/t15%2BBernhard%2BGutmann%2B%2528German%2Bpainter%252C%2B1869-1936%2529%2BImari%2BTea%2BSet.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernhard Gutmann (German painter, 1869-1936) Imari Tea Set&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;"Tea to the English is really a picnic indoors."&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;American author Alice Walker b 1944 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wSjS9gVN49A/TzWZ2U2wZRI/AAAAAAAA3Yk/YYevGZwPHUw/s1600/alice-walker.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="375" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wSjS9gVN49A/TzWZ2U2wZRI/AAAAAAAA3Yk/YYevGZwPHUw/s400/alice-walker.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Tea"&gt;Click here for more tea stories &amp;amp; tea pots.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6717573760230723435?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6717573760230723435/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_10.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6717573760230723435'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6717573760230723435'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_10.html' title='Relax &amp; have some tea...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-dm9BPmlKZcI/TxbvwXGUkbI/AAAAAAAA0pM/7ibrBxW97AI/s72-c/t15%2BBernhard%2BGutmann%2B%2528German%2Bpainter%252C%2B1869-1936%2529%2BImari%2BTea%2BSet.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6811740812975794635</id><published>2012-02-10T15:57:00.005-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T20:07:37.880-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='English Royals'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500-1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ruff'/><title type='text'>A few ruff spots in the life of Anne of Denmark 1574-1619 Queen of James VI &amp; I.</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-apocPv0pbS4/TzWu0kAcFsI/AAAAAAAA3Yw/v7IvCs3ehIA/s1600/1600%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2Band%2BI.%2Bby%2BIsaac%2BOliver.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-apocPv0pbS4/TzWu0kAcFsI/AAAAAAAA3Yw/v7IvCs3ehIA/s400/1600%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2Band%2BI.%2Bby%2BIsaac%2BOliver.bmp" width="259" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1600 Anne of Denmark 1574-1619 queen of James VI and I. by Isaac Oliver&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anne of Denmark (1574–1619) was queen consort of Scotland, England, &amp;amp; Ireland as the wife of James VI &amp;amp; I (1566-1625).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_UfyAuMWg-I/TzWz3tolPxI/AAAAAAAA3Y8/O_1fz5-LKbs/s1600/1578%2BQueen%2BAnne%2527s%2Bdaughter%2BSophie%2Bof%2BMecklenburg-G%25C3%25BCstrow%2B%25281557-1631%2529%2Bwas%2Ba%2BGerman%2Bnoble%2Band%2BQueen%2Bof%2BDenmark%2Band%2BNorway..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_UfyAuMWg-I/TzWz3tolPxI/AAAAAAAA3Y8/O_1fz5-LKbs/s640/1578%2BQueen%2BAnne%2527s%2Bdaughter%2BSophie%2Bof%2BMecklenburg-G%25C3%25BCstrow%2B%25281557-1631%2529%2Bwas%2Ba%2BGerman%2Bnoble%2Band%2BQueen%2Bof%2BDenmark%2Band%2BNorway..jpg" width="417" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1578 Queen Anne's mother Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (1557-1631) was a German noble and Queen of Denmark and Norway.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 2nd daughter of alcoholic King Frederick II of Denmark &amp;amp; his wife Sophia of Mecklenburg-Güstrow, a descendant of King Hans of Denmark, Anne married James in 1589 at the age of 14.  Anne was immediately under pressure to provide James &amp;amp; Scotland with an heir, but with no sign of a pregnancy in 1590-93, Presbyterian antagonists felt free to talk of James’s fondness for male company &amp;amp; whispered against Anne &lt;strong&gt;"for that she proves not with child."&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uH70yYU1axg/TzW0EqMROVI/AAAAAAAA3ZI/MiF0hWr7WFw/s1600/Portrait%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI%2Bby%2BJohn%2Bde%2BCritz%252C%2Bc.%2B1606.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-uH70yYU1axg/TzW0EqMROVI/AAAAAAAA3ZI/MiF0hWr7WFw/s640/Portrait%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI%2Bby%2BJohn%2Bde%2BCritz%252C%2Bc.%2B1606.jpg" width="403" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Portrait of James VI &amp;amp; I by John de Critz, c. 1606&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anne finally produced an heir, Prince Henry Stuart, in early 1594.&amp;nbsp;The royal couple eventually&amp;nbsp;had 7 children whom 3 survived infancy, two sons, Henry &amp;amp; Charles (later Charles I), &amp;amp; a daughter, Elizabeth, survived into adult life.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GokasIAWQ98/TzW0aC1zcrI/AAAAAAAA3ZU/WCo6vUNQf2M/s1600/1603%2BQueen%2BAnne%2527s%2Bdaughter%2BPrincess%2BRoyal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GokasIAWQ98/TzW0aC1zcrI/AAAAAAAA3ZU/WCo6vUNQf2M/s640/1603%2BQueen%2BAnne%2527s%2Bdaughter%2BPrincess%2BRoyal.jpg" width="438" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1603 Queen Anne's daughter Princess Royal, daughter of James I &amp;amp; VI She married Frederik V, Elector Palatine at 16, having many children of which 7 reached adulthood. She was Queen consort of Bohemia only 1 winter. Some called her The Winter Queen.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A lady at court described Queen Anne, &lt;strong&gt;"Her features were not regular but her complexion was extremely fair &amp;amp; she had the finest neck that could be seen, which she took care it should be."&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-imo8RsJB31o/TzW0z8VBdvI/AAAAAAAA3Zg/bbMZH8TqGl8/s1600/1605%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI%252C%2Bby%2BJohn%2Bde%2BCritz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-imo8RsJB31o/TzW0z8VBdvI/AAAAAAAA3Zg/bbMZH8TqGl8/s640/1605%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI%252C%2Bby%2BJohn%2Bde%2BCritz.jpg" width="499" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1605 Anne of Denmark 1574-1619 queen of James VI &amp;amp; I, by John de Critz&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fourteen-year-old Anne appears to have cared for James when they 1st married. On 28 July 1589, the English spy Thomas Fowler reported that Anne was &lt;strong&gt;"so far in love with the King's Majesty as it were death to her to have it broken off &amp;amp; hath made good proof divers ways of her affection which his Majestie is apt in no way to requite."&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anne was crowned queen in 1590. During the 7-hour ceremony, her gown was opened by the Countess of Mar for presiding minister Robert Bruce to pour &lt;strong&gt;"a bonny quantity of oil"&lt;/strong&gt; on &lt;strong&gt;"parts of her breast and arm," &lt;/strong&gt;so anointing her as queen. Ministers objected, but James insisted that the rite was from the Old Testament.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cXYiSM6yCG4/TzW1tfUayqI/AAAAAAAA3Z4/Hkw1rHIBWiE/s1600/1607%2BQueen%2BAnne%252C%2Bwife%2Bof%2BJames%2BI%2B%2526%2BVI%2Bby%2BMarcus%2BGheeraerts%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%25281561-1636%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cXYiSM6yCG4/TzW1tfUayqI/AAAAAAAA3Z4/Hkw1rHIBWiE/s640/1607%2BQueen%2BAnne%252C%2Bwife%2Bof%2BJames%2BI%2B%2526%2BVI%2Bby%2BMarcus%2BGheeraerts%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%25281561-1636%2529.jpg" width="379" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1607 Queen Anne, wife of James I &amp;amp; VI by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger (1561-1636)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Although James had a mistress in 1593-1595, (Anne Murray, later Lady Glamis); in&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Basilikon Doron&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, written 1597–1598, James described marriage as &lt;strong&gt;"the greatest earthly felicitie or miserie, that can come to a man."&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Historians have&amp;nbsp;noted, however, &lt;strong&gt;"All his life, except perhaps for 6 short months, King James disliked women, regarding them as inferior beings. All his interest was centered on the attractions of personable young men."&lt;/strong&gt; The couple gradually came to live apart, though, apparently, some degree of mutual respect &amp;amp;&amp;nbsp;affection survived.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Anne demonstrated an independent streak &amp;amp; was willing to use factional Scottish politics in her conflicts with James over the custody of Prince Henry. Anne would do whatever she had to in order to have a hand in the raising of her children. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZS_JZtMG1gk/TzW1VobbYPI/AAAAAAAA3Zs/Q9ajv7Q3AW0/s1600/1606%2BQueen%2BAnne%2527s%2Bdaughter%2BPrincess%2BElizabeth%2B%25281596%25E2%2580%25931662%2529%252C%2BLater%2BQueen%2Bof%2BBohemia%2Bby%2BRobert%2BPeake%2Bthe%2BElder%2B%25281551-1619%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZS_JZtMG1gk/TzW1VobbYPI/AAAAAAAA3Zs/Q9ajv7Q3AW0/s640/1606%2BQueen%2BAnne%2527s%2Bdaughter%2BPrincess%2BElizabeth%2B%25281596%25E2%2580%25931662%2529%252C%2BLater%2BQueen%2Bof%2BBohemia%2Bby%2BRobert%2BPeake%2Bthe%2BElder%2B%25281551-1619%2529.jpg" width="323" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1606 Queen Anne's daughter Princess Elizabeth (1596–1662), Later Queen of Bohemia by Robert Peake the Elder (1551-1619)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After 1607, Anne &amp;amp; James lived apart, she in London &amp;amp; he in the countryside at Royston. Anne's chaplain, Godfrey Goodman, summed up the royal relationship: &lt;strong&gt;"The King himself was a very chaste man, and there was little in the Queen to make him uxorious; yet they did love as well as man and wife could do, not conversing together."&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9hw-OIXNRwU/TzW3id9atjI/AAAAAAAA3ao/yHLlWW4ByjA/s1600/1612%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI%2Battributed%2Bto%2BMarcus%2BGheeraerts%2Bthe%2BYounger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9hw-OIXNRwU/TzW3id9atjI/AAAAAAAA3ao/yHLlWW4ByjA/s640/1612%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI%2Battributed%2Bto%2BMarcus%2BGheeraerts%2Bthe%2BYounger.jpg" width="496" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1612 Anne of Denmark Anne of Denmark 1574-1619 queen of James VI &amp;amp; I attributed to Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In England, Anne shifted her energies from factional politics to parenting and to patronage of the arts. She constructed a magnificent court of her own, hosting one of the richest cultural salons in Europe. She was a force as a patron of the arts during the Jacobean age.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5NSznF-DU3c/TzW15NGFIsI/AAAAAAAA3aE/f6vBEmBelkc/s1600/1610%2BQueen%2BAnne%2527s%2Bdaughter%2BElizabeth%2B%25281596%25E2%2580%25931662%2529%2BQueen%2Bof%2BBohemia%2Bby%2BRobert%2BPeake%2Bthe%2BElder%2B%25281551-1619%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5NSznF-DU3c/TzW15NGFIsI/AAAAAAAA3aE/f6vBEmBelkc/s640/1610%2BQueen%2BAnne%2527s%2Bdaughter%2BElizabeth%2B%25281596%25E2%2580%25931662%2529%2BQueen%2Bof%2BBohemia%2Bby%2BRobert%2BPeake%2Bthe%2BElder%2B%25281551-1619%2529.jpg" width="345" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1610 Queen Anne's daughter Elizabeth (1596–1662) Queen of Bohemia by Robert Peake the Elder (1551-1619)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After 1612, she suffered sustained bouts of ill health  gradually withdrew from the center of court life. A bitter confrontation between James &amp;amp; Anne occurred in 1613, when Anne shot James's favorite dog dead during a hunting session. After his initial rage, James smoothed things over by giving her a £2,000 diamond in memory of the dog, whose name was Jewel.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GeayX6gkOVY/TzW2GKWCxlI/AAAAAAAA3aQ/G1Xpaz--tQM/s1600/1617%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI.%2Bby%2BPaul%2Bvan%2BSomer%2B%2528c%2B1577-1621%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-GeayX6gkOVY/TzW2GKWCxlI/AAAAAAAA3aQ/G1Xpaz--tQM/s640/1617%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI.%2Bby%2BPaul%2Bvan%2BSomer%2B%2528c%2B1577-1621%2529.jpg" width="526" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1617 Anne of Denmark 1574-1619 queen of James VI &amp;amp; I. by Paul van Somer (c 1577-1621) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By late 1617, Anne's bouts of illness had become debilitating. John Chamberlain wrote, &lt;strong&gt;"The Queen continues still ill disposed and though she would fain lay all her infirmities upon the gout yet most of her physicians fear a further inconvenience of an ill habit or disposition through her whole body."&lt;/strong&gt;  Though she was reported to have been a Protestant at the time of her death, evidence suggests that she may have converted to Catholicism at some stage in her life.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0dy-jgWAmAg/TzW2QRjyQJI/AAAAAAAA3ac/0sMdAEePjdk/s1600/1617%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI.%2Bby%2BPaul%2Bvan%2BSomer%2B%2528c%2B1577-1621%2529%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0dy-jgWAmAg/TzW2QRjyQJI/AAAAAAAA3ac/0sMdAEePjdk/s640/1617%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2B%2526%2BI.%2Bby%2BPaul%2Bvan%2BSomer%2B%2528c%2B1577-1621%2529%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="564" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1617 Anne of Denmark 1574-1619 queen of James VI &amp;amp; I. by Paul van Somer (c 1577-1621) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;At her passing, James honored his late wife with verse:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;"So did my Queen from hence her court remove &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;And left off earth to be enthroned above. &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;She's changed, not dead, for sure no good prince dies, &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;But, as the sun, sets, only for to rise."&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6811740812975794635?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6811740812975794635/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/few-ruff-spots-in-life-of-anne-of.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6811740812975794635'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6811740812975794635'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/few-ruff-spots-in-life-of-anne-of.html' title='A few ruff spots in the life of Anne of Denmark 1574-1619 Queen of James VI &amp; I.'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-apocPv0pbS4/TzWu0kAcFsI/AAAAAAAA3Yw/v7IvCs3ehIA/s72-c/1600%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2B1574-1619%2Bqueen%2Bof%2BJames%2BVI%2Band%2BI.%2Bby%2BIsaac%2BOliver.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-1159729173193281104</id><published>2012-02-10T15:16:00.009-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T14:50:47.319-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Fans'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Families'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>A few 1500s families, not a ruff in sight...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JEwI6VkHr1A/TzXK6V-8NjI/AAAAAAAA3a0/1Gp_yVqLJLY/s1600/1520%2BBernhard%2BStrigel%2B%25281465-1528%2529%2BThe%2BCuspinian%2BFamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JEwI6VkHr1A/TzXK6V-8NjI/AAAAAAAA3a0/1Gp_yVqLJLY/s640/1520%2BBernhard%2BStrigel%2B%25281465-1528%2529%2BThe%2BCuspinian%2BFamily.jpg" width="548" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1520 Bernhard Strigel (1465-1528) The Cuspinian Family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nRDsdAY0Evw/TzXpdPd77yI/AAAAAAAA3bw/F-GqlBMw0Rk/s1600/Bernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BFamily%2BGroup.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="284" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-nRDsdAY0Evw/TzXpdPd77yI/AAAAAAAA3bw/F-GqlBMw0Rk/s400/Bernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BFamily%2BGroup.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1524 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Family Group&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-l1vAnG4-flI/TzbDMpHADqI/AAAAAAAA3lU/FiDAtf1M8vY/s1600/OL%2BLorenzo%2BLotto%2BGiovanni%2Bdella%2BVolta%2Bwith%2Bhis%2BWife%2Band%2BChildren%2B1547.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="302" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-l1vAnG4-flI/TzbDMpHADqI/AAAAAAAA3lU/FiDAtf1M8vY/s400/OL%2BLorenzo%2BLotto%2BGiovanni%2Bdella%2BVolta%2Bwith%2Bhis%2BWife%2Band%2BChildren%2B1547.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Lorenzo Lotto (Northern Italian painter, c 1480–1556) Giovanni della Volta with his Wife and Children 1547&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dLEP0kqhrEU/TzbC4RVpe8I/AAAAAAAA3lI/FN16Cdm1wSg/s1600/OL%2BGiovanni%2BAntonio%2BFasolo%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2B1530-1572%2529%2BValmarana%2BFamily%2Bc%2B1553.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="248" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-dLEP0kqhrEU/TzbC4RVpe8I/AAAAAAAA3lI/FN16Cdm1wSg/s400/OL%2BGiovanni%2BAntonio%2BFasolo%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2B1530-1572%2529%2BValmarana%2BFamily%2Bc%2B1553.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Giovanni Antonio Fasolo (Italian painter, 1530-1572) Valmarana Family c 1553&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ivorK91OPw4/TzbBtL-ozGI/AAAAAAAA3k8/1UY0xj-T8YU/s1600/Bernardino%2BLicinio.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="358" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ivorK91OPw4/TzbBtL-ozGI/AAAAAAAA3k8/1UY0xj-T8YU/s400/Bernardino%2BLicinio.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yDgYaFR_YT4/TzWXjuZVV_I/AAAAAAAA3XQ/7Lma8MbRO3U/s1600/3%2B1530%2BClaude%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BFrance%2Band%2Bher%2BChildren%2Bby%2Ban%2BUnknown%2BArtist..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yDgYaFR_YT4/TzWXjuZVV_I/AAAAAAAA3XQ/7Lma8MbRO3U/s400/3%2B1530%2BClaude%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BFrance%2Band%2Bher%2BChildren%2Bby%2Ban%2BUnknown%2BArtist..jpg" width="258" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1530 Claude, Queen of France and her Children by an Unknown Artist.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zclg3a277j4/TzXnhluIv9I/AAAAAAAA3bM/WML3v5QslXc/s1600/1530s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BArrigo%2BLicinio%2Band%2BHis%2BFamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="255" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zclg3a277j4/TzXnhluIv9I/AAAAAAAA3bM/WML3v5QslXc/s400/1530s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BArrigo%2BLicinio%2Band%2BHis%2BFamily.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1535 Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Arrigo Licinio&amp;nbsp;&amp;amp; His Family The young man holding a statue is similar to his painting "A Sculptor in his Studio with Five of his Pupils, One Holding an Armless Statue of Venus," at Alnwick Castle in Northumberland. The young man may have been his nephew Giulio Licino (1527–1584), whom the&amp;nbsp;portraitist trained to become an artist in his own right.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-g8Fcldga4Fc/TzXpCsqWtwI/AAAAAAAA3bk/gYJ5cWl_9XI/s1600/1524%2BBernardino%2BLuini%2B%25281485-1532%2529%2B%2BFamily%2BGroup.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="390" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-g8Fcldga4Fc/TzXpCsqWtwI/AAAAAAAA3bk/gYJ5cWl_9XI/s400/1524%2BBernardino%2BLuini%2B%25281485-1532%2529%2B%2BFamily%2BGroup.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bernardino Luini (1485-1532) Family Group&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hSW--kVFu1I/TzXprApBNpI/AAAAAAAA3b8/UZnFEMjRYpo/s1600/1520s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BFamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="305" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hSW--kVFu1I/TzXprApBNpI/AAAAAAAA3b8/UZnFEMjRYpo/s400/1520s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BFamily.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1520s Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Portrait of a Family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-lHKnw5Y7H7Y/TzXq5iZRvjI/AAAAAAAA3cg/SOaVKOAkM-c/s1600/1530s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2Bbb.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="286" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-lHKnw5Y7H7Y/TzXq5iZRvjI/AAAAAAAA3cg/SOaVKOAkM-c/s400/1530s%2BBernardino%2BLicinio%2B%25281489-1565%2529%2Bbb.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1520s Bernardino Licinio (1489-1565) Family Group&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zkGUwtg8ZZo/TzWYFYfr7UI/AAAAAAAA3YM/mPXwk49q7Ts/s1600/1560s%2BJacopo%2BRobusti%2B%2528Tintoretto%2529%252C%2BSeven%2BMembers%2Bof%2Bthe%2BSoranzo%2BFamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="290" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-zkGUwtg8ZZo/TzWYFYfr7UI/AAAAAAAA3YM/mPXwk49q7Ts/s400/1560s%2BJacopo%2BRobusti%2B%2528Tintoretto%2529%252C%2BSeven%2BMembers%2Bof%2Bthe%2BSoranzo%2BFamily.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560s Jacopo Robusti (Tintoretto), Seven Members of the Soranzo Family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DaDcinKHIiU/TzbEuAwgVdI/AAAAAAAA3lg/TDvnEdb6uyw/s1600/OL%2BParis%2BBordone%2B%2528Italian%2BHigh%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2B1500-1571%2529%2BGentleman%2B%2526%2BLady%2Bwith%2Btheir%2BDaughter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="316" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-DaDcinKHIiU/TzbEuAwgVdI/AAAAAAAA3lg/TDvnEdb6uyw/s400/OL%2BParis%2BBordone%2B%2528Italian%2BHigh%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2B1500-1571%2529%2BGentleman%2B%2526%2BLady%2Bwith%2Btheir%2BDaughter.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paris Bordone (Italian High Renaissance Painter, 1500-1571) Gentleman &amp;amp; Lady with their Daughter&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-1159729173193281104?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/1159729173193281104/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/few-1500s-families-not-ruff-in-sight.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/1159729173193281104'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/1159729173193281104'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/few-1500s-families-not-ruff-in-sight.html' title='A few 1500s families, not a ruff in sight...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-JEwI6VkHr1A/TzXK6V-8NjI/AAAAAAAA3a0/1Gp_yVqLJLY/s72-c/1520%2BBernhard%2BStrigel%2B%25281465-1528%2529%2BThe%2BCuspinian%2BFamily.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-5161091383030894124</id><published>2012-02-10T05:59:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T05:59:01.386-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Taddeo Gaddi'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1300s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Madonna + Child'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><title type='text'>Morning Madonna by Taddeo Gaddi 1320-1366</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HyGIs1pKX9w/TzHM3VW3yLI/AAAAAAAA3K0/6KMp07gYld0/s1600/Taddeo%2BGaddi%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1320-1366%2529%2BMadonna%2B%2526%2BChild%2BEnthroned%2Bwith%2BAngels%2B%2526%2BSaints%2B1355.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HyGIs1pKX9w/TzHM3VW3yLI/AAAAAAAA3K0/6KMp07gYld0/s640/Taddeo%2BGaddi%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1320-1366%2529%2BMadonna%2B%2526%2BChild%2BEnthroned%2Bwith%2BAngels%2B%2526%2BSaints%2B1355.jpg" width="323" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Taddeo Gaddi (Italian artist, 1320-1366)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this blog, I try to begin each day with a painting of the Madonna &amp;amp; Child. It centers me; connects me to the past; &amp;amp; encourages me to post some of the religious paintings which were the core of early Western art. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Madonna%20%2B%20Child"&gt;Click here for other Madonna images from this blog.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-5161091383030894124?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/5161091383030894124/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/morning-madonna-by-taddeo-gaddi-1320.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/5161091383030894124'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/5161091383030894124'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/morning-madonna-by-taddeo-gaddi-1320.html' title='Morning Madonna by Taddeo Gaddi 1320-1366'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-HyGIs1pKX9w/TzHM3VW3yLI/AAAAAAAA3K0/6KMp07gYld0/s72-c/Taddeo%2BGaddi%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1320-1366%2529%2BMadonna%2B%2526%2BChild%2BEnthroned%2Bwith%2BAngels%2B%2526%2BSaints%2B1355.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-2173609244613334694</id><published>2012-02-09T16:00:00.013-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T01:57:55.869-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tea'/><title type='text'>Relax &amp; have some tea...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-SzKB7YMuqs8/TxbvNbO4LAI/AAAAAAAA0pA/AD2rfhRNQgs/s1600/t4.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="285" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-SzKB7YMuqs8/TxbvNbO4LAI/AAAAAAAA0pA/AD2rfhRNQgs/s400/t4.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;"Love and scandal are the best sweeteners of tea&lt;/span&gt;." &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;English novelist Henry Fielding 1707-1754&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-tQh-VufsnRY/TzRu3gZWwpI/AAAAAAAA3Tc/K1U1tZisgco/s1600/henry-fielding.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="301" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-tQh-VufsnRY/TzRu3gZWwpI/AAAAAAAA3Tc/K1U1tZisgco/s400/henry-fielding.jpg" width="217" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Tea"&gt;Click here for more tea stories &amp;amp; tea pots.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-2173609244613334694?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/2173609244613334694/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_09.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2173609244613334694'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2173609244613334694'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_09.html' title='Relax &amp; have some tea...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-SzKB7YMuqs8/TxbvNbO4LAI/AAAAAAAA0pA/AD2rfhRNQgs/s72-c/t4.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-8167461265126147351</id><published>2012-02-09T15:10:00.016-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T09:59:16.921-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ruff'/><title type='text'>A few 1500s couples in the Ruff...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0aanlRQdadc/TzR9KtbptsI/AAAAAAAA3UA/jixypqzQV2o/s1600/c%2B1558%2BFrancois%2B%252B%2BMary_Stuart%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0aanlRQdadc/TzR9KtbptsI/AAAAAAAA3UA/jixypqzQV2o/s400/c%2B1558%2BFrancois%2B%252B%2BMary_Stuart%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots.jpg" width="295" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;c 1558 Francois + Mary Stuart Queen of Scots&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wNXFcmFGZLo/TzR8-HetMmI/AAAAAAAA3T0/ZyjGqjPaaAA/s1600/Mary%2BTudor%2Band%2BCharles%2BBrandon%2BDuke%2Bof%2BSuffolk.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-wNXFcmFGZLo/TzR8-HetMmI/AAAAAAAA3T0/ZyjGqjPaaAA/s640/Mary%2BTudor%2Band%2BCharles%2BBrandon%2BDuke%2Bof%2BSuffolk.jpg" width="569" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Mary Tudor and Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk&amp;nbsp; Is he wearing a ruff?&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5Hqc5j90oVc/TzSELDczBPI/AAAAAAAA3U8/cnpQTIpJ8fE/s1600/Mary%2BNevill%2B%2526%2BGregory%2BFiennes%2BBaron%2BDacre.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="293" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5Hqc5j90oVc/TzSELDczBPI/AAAAAAAA3U8/cnpQTIpJ8fE/s400/Mary%2BNevill%2B%2526%2BGregory%2BFiennes%2BBaron%2BDacre.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;c 1559 Hans Eworth (c 1520-1547) Mary Neville (1523-1578)&amp;nbsp;and her son Gregory Fiennes Baron Dacre Well, I did not promise that they would all be married to one another...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/---ZlwC-Mumk/TzR9lK7zy2I/AAAAAAAA3UY/d_TNJ_l_UsI/s1600/c%2BMary_Stuart%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots%2B_James_Darnley.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="306" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/---ZlwC-Mumk/TzR9lK7zy2I/AAAAAAAA3UY/d_TNJ_l_UsI/s400/c%2BMary_Stuart%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots%2B_James_Darnley.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Mary Stuart Queen of Scots and James Darnley&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EnN1FcX4hTo/TzS6uJONVPI/AAAAAAAA3W0/Od6yIYlQSlE/s1600/1568%2BKatherine%2Bde%2BVere%2B%2528c%2B1541-January%2B17%252C%2B1600%2529%2BLord%2BWindsor%2B%25281532-January%2B24%252C%2B1575%2529%2B1568.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="303" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-EnN1FcX4hTo/TzS6uJONVPI/AAAAAAAA3W0/Od6yIYlQSlE/s400/1568%2BKatherine%2Bde%2BVere%2B%2528c%2B1541-January%2B17%252C%2B1600%2529%2BLord%2BWindsor%2B%25281532-January%2B24%252C%2B1575%2529%2B1568.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1568 Katherine de Vere (c 1541-1600) Lord Windsor (1532-1575) with their children&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kNbM1i2F0U8/TzR-IwyFBmI/AAAAAAAA3Uk/AXCVMaS_0pc/s1600/c%2BHenry%2Bof%2BNavarre%2Band%2BMargaret%2Bof%2BValois%252C%2B1572.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-kNbM1i2F0U8/TzR-IwyFBmI/AAAAAAAA3Uk/AXCVMaS_0pc/s400/c%2BHenry%2Bof%2BNavarre%2Band%2BMargaret%2Bof%2BValois%252C%2B1572.jpg" width="303" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;c Henry of Navarre and Margaret of Valois, 1572&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jdO3fOF2l_k/TzR-THm79EI/AAAAAAAA3Uw/LwoYduglkh0/s1600/c%2BHieronimo%2BCustodis%2BSir%2BJohn%2BHarington%2Band%2Bhis%2Bwfie%252C%2BMary%2BRogers%252C%2BLady%2BHarrington.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="329" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-jdO3fOF2l_k/TzR-THm79EI/AAAAAAAA3Uw/LwoYduglkh0/s400/c%2BHieronimo%2BCustodis%2BSir%2BJohn%2BHarington%2Band%2Bhis%2Bwfie%252C%2BMary%2BRogers%252C%2BLady%2BHarrington.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Hieronimo Custodis (also spelled Hieronymus, Heironimos) (Flemish-born painter  active in Elizabethan England died c. 1593)&amp;nbsp;Sir John Harington and his wfie, Mary Rogers, Lady Harrington&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FKEqkOJsjJQ/TzS1yQZ74tI/AAAAAAAA3Wo/xv7lY3TnhLs/s1600/1625%2BUnknown%2BArtist%2B-%2BSir%2BThomas%2BMansell%2B%25281556-1631%2529%2BAnd%2BHis%2BWife%252C%2BJane%2BPole%2B%2528c%2B1570-1625%2529%252C%2B1625.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="378" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-FKEqkOJsjJQ/TzS1yQZ74tI/AAAAAAAA3Wo/xv7lY3TnhLs/s400/1625%2BUnknown%2BArtist%2B-%2BSir%2BThomas%2BMansell%2B%25281556-1631%2529%2BAnd%2BHis%2BWife%252C%2BJane%2BPole%2B%2528c%2B1570-1625%2529%252C%2B1625.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1625 Unknown Artist - Sir Thomas Mansell (1556-1631) And His Wife, Jane Pole (c 1570-1625), 1625&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-8167461265126147351?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/8167461265126147351/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/few-1500s-couples-in-ruff.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/8167461265126147351'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/8167461265126147351'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/few-1500s-couples-in-ruff.html' title='A few 1500s couples in the Ruff...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0aanlRQdadc/TzR9KtbptsI/AAAAAAAA3UA/jixypqzQV2o/s72-c/c%2B1558%2BFrancois%2B%252B%2BMary_Stuart%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6757034297453774566</id><published>2012-02-09T06:38:00.007-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T08:31:45.669-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Slavery'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Coffee Tales'/><title type='text'>Coffee Tales</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-yg_iaUaZdrw/TzOvx3LjwEI/AAAAAAAA3TQ/CC3VlUUTJ0E/s1600/Staffordshire%2BCoffee%2BPot%2Bwith%2Bblue%2Btransfer.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-yg_iaUaZdrw/TzOvx3LjwEI/AAAAAAAA3TQ/CC3VlUUTJ0E/s400/Staffordshire%2BCoffee%2BPot%2Bwith%2Bblue%2Btransfer.bmp" width="349" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Staffordshire Coffee Pot with Blue Transfer Decoration&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Between 1511 &amp;amp; 1886, over 1 million slaves were imported from Africa to Cuba primarily to grow sugar &amp;amp; coffee. By the end of the 18th century, the economic growth of the island demanded a labor force increase; as slaves became necessary for the hundreds of sugar mills &amp;amp; coffee plantations that emerged throughout the island. The highest slave presence was found in the sugar-producing western areas of the Habana-Matanzas plains as well as in the coffee-producing mountainous regions of Sierra del Rosario in Pinar del Rio province. The Haitian Revolution in nearby Saint-Domingue, from 1791 to 1804, brought thousands of French refugees, fleeing the slave rebellion to Cuba.  Some of these immigrants were slaves with expertise in sugar refining &amp;amp; coffee growing who came into eastern Cuba in the 1790&amp;nbsp;&amp;amp; early 1800s.  When coffee reached Cuba, farmers welcomed it; coffee required less land to grow than comparable crops. The slaveholding creating unrest &amp;amp; inevitable rebellions. Coffee production in Cuba declined over the decades due to competition with the more successful production of coffee in Brazil.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-w2-BjOTJypM/TzR21u_ZSgI/AAAAAAAA3To/oX2bb3TfGOc/s1600/Coffee%2BPicking%2Bby%2BFrancisco%2Bde%2BMiranda%2B%25281750-1816%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-w2-BjOTJypM/TzR21u_ZSgI/AAAAAAAA3To/oX2bb3TfGOc/s400/Coffee%2BPicking%2Bby%2BFrancisco%2Bde%2BMiranda%2B%25281750-1816%2529.jpg" width="272" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Coffee Picking by Francisco de Miranda (1750-1816)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;See &lt;b&gt;Shade grown slavery: life and labor on coffee plantations in western Cuba, 1790-1845 &lt;/b&gt;by Willliam C Van Norman published by the University of North Carolina Press at Chapel Hill in 2005&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Coffee"&gt;For more early morning coffee tales, click here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6757034297453774566?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6757034297453774566/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales_09.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6757034297453774566'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6757034297453774566'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales_09.html' title='Coffee Tales'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-yg_iaUaZdrw/TzOvx3LjwEI/AAAAAAAA3TQ/CC3VlUUTJ0E/s72-c/Staffordshire%2BCoffee%2BPot%2Bwith%2Bblue%2Btransfer.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-8942600871602081495</id><published>2012-02-09T05:42:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-09T05:59:02.717-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Gentile da Fabriano'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1300-1400s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Madonna + Child'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><title type='text'>Madonna &amp; Child by Gentile da Fabriano c 1370-1427</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-h56enQb6Xgw/TzHIGT-IGxI/AAAAAAAA3Jg/0t26nnFQYf0/s1600/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2B%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2BDetail%2B1423%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="292" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-h56enQb6Xgw/TzHIGT-IGxI/AAAAAAAA3Jg/0t26nnFQYf0/s400/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2B%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2BDetail%2B1423%2B2.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Gentile da Fabriano original name Niccolo Di Giovanni Di Massio (Italian artist, c 1370-1427)  Adoration of the Magi Detail 1423 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SJp1pew-8Ug/TzHINyPQR_I/AAAAAAAA3Js/tGNQs8hBdxc/s1600/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2B%2BFlight%2Bto%2BEgypt%2B1423%2BDetail.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="133" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SJp1pew-8Ug/TzHINyPQR_I/AAAAAAAA3Js/tGNQs8hBdxc/s400/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2B%2BFlight%2Bto%2BEgypt%2B1423%2BDetail.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Gentile da Fabriano original name Niccolo Di Giovanni Di Massio (Italian artist, c 1370-1427)  Flight to Egypt 1423 Detail&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eGtcYDG5lOY/TzHIUliBFeI/AAAAAAAA3J4/JOasIVU-9XQ/s1600/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2BMadonna%2Bwith%2BChild%2B1425%2BFresco.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-eGtcYDG5lOY/TzHIUliBFeI/AAAAAAAA3J4/JOasIVU-9XQ/s400/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2BMadonna%2Bwith%2BChild%2B1425%2BFresco.jpg" width="297" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Gentile da Fabriano original name Niccolo Di Giovanni Di Massio (Italian artist, c 1370-1427) Madonna with Child 1425 Fresco&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CSeStldY4_A/TzHIb6EYb3I/AAAAAAAA3KE/KTfkfkZWoy0/s1600/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2B%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2BDetail%2B1423.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="310" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CSeStldY4_A/TzHIb6EYb3I/AAAAAAAA3KE/KTfkfkZWoy0/s400/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2B%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2BDetail%2B1423.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Gentile da Fabriano original name Niccolo Di Giovanni Di Massio (Italian artist, c 1370-1427)  Adoration of the Magi Larger Detail 1423&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this blog, I try to begin each day with a painting of the Madonna &amp;amp; Child. It centers me; connects me to the past; &amp;amp; encourages me to post some of the religious paintings which were the core of early Western art. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Madonna%20%2B%20Child"&gt;Click here for other Madonna images from this blog.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-8942600871602081495?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/8942600871602081495/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-by-gentile-da-fabriano-c.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/8942600871602081495'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/8942600871602081495'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-by-gentile-da-fabriano-c.html' title='Madonna &amp; Child by Gentile da Fabriano c 1370-1427'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-h56enQb6Xgw/TzHIGT-IGxI/AAAAAAAA3Jg/0t26nnFQYf0/s72-c/Gentile%2Bda%2BFabriano%2Boriginal%2Bname%2BNiccolo%2BDi%2BGiovanni%2BDi%2BMassio%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2Bc%2B1370-1427%2529%2B%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2BDetail%2B1423%2B2.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6776494327340636508</id><published>2012-02-08T22:57:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-09T06:14:47.746-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Sisters'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ruff'/><title type='text'>Fairly amazing portrait - Sisters wearing ruffs in same bed with newborn babies...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-vGN67ehd7yA/TzNDxtd6vtI/AAAAAAAA3S4/CIPypaTQg-c/s1600/Mary%2B%2528d.1616%2529%2Band%2BLettice%2B%25281585-1623%2529%2BCholmondeley%252C%2Bdau%2Bof%2BSir%2BHugh%2BCholmondeley%2B%25281557-1601%2529%2B%2526%2BMary%2BHolford%2B%25281563-1626%2529%2BMary%2Bm%2BSir%2BGeorge%2BCalveley%2B%2526%2BLettice%2527s%2Bm%2BSir%2BRichard%2BGrosvenor%2B%25281595-1646%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="329" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-vGN67ehd7yA/TzNDxtd6vtI/AAAAAAAA3S4/CIPypaTQg-c/s640/Mary%2B%2528d.1616%2529%2Band%2BLettice%2B%25281585-1623%2529%2BCholmondeley%252C%2Bdau%2Bof%2BSir%2BHugh%2BCholmondeley%2B%25281557-1601%2529%2B%2526%2BMary%2BHolford%2B%25281563-1626%2529%2BMary%2Bm%2BSir%2BGeorge%2BCalveley%2B%2526%2BLettice%2527s%2Bm%2BSir%2BRichard%2BGrosvenor%2B%25281595-1646%2529.jpg" width="640" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Mary (d.1616)&amp;nbsp;&amp;amp; Lettice (1585-1623) Cholmondeley, daus of Sir Hugh Cholmondeley (1557-1601) &amp;amp; Mary Holford (1563-1626) Mary m Sir George Calveley &amp;amp; Lettice m Sir Richard Grosvenor (1595-1646)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6776494327340636508?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6776494327340636508/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/just-one-more-ruff-portrait-before-bed.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6776494327340636508'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6776494327340636508'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/just-one-more-ruff-portrait-before-bed.html' title='Fairly amazing portrait - Sisters wearing ruffs in same bed with newborn babies...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-vGN67ehd7yA/TzNDxtd6vtI/AAAAAAAA3S4/CIPypaTQg-c/s72-c/Mary%2B%2528d.1616%2529%2Band%2BLettice%2B%25281585-1623%2529%2BCholmondeley%252C%2Bdau%2Bof%2BSir%2BHugh%2BCholmondeley%2B%25281557-1601%2529%2B%2526%2BMary%2BHolford%2B%25281563-1626%2529%2BMary%2Bm%2BSir%2BGeorge%2BCalveley%2B%2526%2BLettice%2527s%2Bm%2BSir%2BRichard%2BGrosvenor%2B%25281595-1646%2529.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-2492592348459462727</id><published>2012-02-08T17:27:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-08T17:27:12.537-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Flowers for You'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Artist Durer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Flowers + Gardens'/><title type='text'>Flowers for You</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5M-hKF7uYIQ/TmAbbt1MF2I/AAAAAAAAtbk/xtlRpQ9-OFs/s1600/Albrecht%2BD%25C3%25BCrer%2B%25281471-1528%2529%2BViolets.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5M-hKF7uYIQ/TmAbbt1MF2I/AAAAAAAAtbk/xtlRpQ9-OFs/s400/Albrecht%2BD%25C3%25BCrer%2B%25281471-1528%2529%2BViolets.jpg" width="355" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Albrecht Dürer (1471-1528) Violets&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-2492592348459462727?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/2492592348459462727/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/09/flowers-for-you.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2492592348459462727'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2492592348459462727'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/09/flowers-for-you.html' title='Flowers for You'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5M-hKF7uYIQ/TmAbbt1MF2I/AAAAAAAAtbk/xtlRpQ9-OFs/s72-c/Albrecht%2BD%25C3%25BCrer%2B%25281471-1528%2529%2BViolets.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-382251185969029027</id><published>2012-02-08T17:21:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-08T17:21:19.656-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Angels'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Artist Thayer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1800s-1900s American Art'/><title type='text'>Watching over your coming &amp; going...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Vwvm7e7SyGE/Taxkq54G1TI/AAAAAAAAmvE/zW2ACr6tf_s/s1600/3_ABBO%257E1%2B%25282%2529.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Vwvm7e7SyGE/Taxkq54G1TI/AAAAAAAAmvE/zW2ACr6tf_s/s400/3_ABBO%257E1%2B%25282%2529.JPG" width="379" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Abbott Handerson Thayer (American artist, 1849–1921)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Safe travels. "The Lord will watch over your coming &amp;amp; going both now and forevermore." Psalm 121:8&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-382251185969029027?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/382251185969029027/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_03.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/382251185969029027'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/382251185969029027'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2010/04/blog-post_03.html' title='Watching over your coming &amp; going...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Vwvm7e7SyGE/Taxkq54G1TI/AAAAAAAAmvE/zW2ACr6tf_s/s72-c/3_ABBO%257E1%2B%25282%2529.JPG' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-9207090267721853693</id><published>2012-02-08T16:00:00.010-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-08T16:52:31.055-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tea'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Artist Monet'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1800s'/><title type='text'>Relax &amp; have some tea...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8HVT23YZ6sQ/Txbuc6gEStI/AAAAAAAA0oo/VyCeHnq9jZ4/s1600/t12%2BClaude%2BMonet%2B%2528French%2Bartist%252C%2B1840-1926%2529%2BThe%2BTea%2BService%2B1872.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="296" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8HVT23YZ6sQ/Txbuc6gEStI/AAAAAAAA0oo/VyCeHnq9jZ4/s400/t12%2BClaude%2BMonet%2B%2528French%2Bartist%252C%2B1840-1926%2529%2BThe%2BTea%2BService%2B1872.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Claude Monet (French artist, 1840-1926) The Tea Service 1872&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tea is nought but this: first you heat the water, then you make the tea. Then you drink it properly. That is all you need to know. &lt;br /&gt;Sen Rikyu Japanese writer 1522-1591 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Tea"&gt;Click here for more tea stories &amp;amp; tea pots.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-9207090267721853693?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/9207090267721853693/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_08.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/9207090267721853693'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/9207090267721853693'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_08.html' title='Relax &amp; have some tea...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8HVT23YZ6sQ/Txbuc6gEStI/AAAAAAAA0oo/VyCeHnq9jZ4/s72-c/t12%2BClaude%2BMonet%2B%2528French%2Bartist%252C%2B1840-1926%2529%2BThe%2BTea%2BService%2B1872.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-4919886082297669486</id><published>2012-02-08T08:58:00.011-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-08T11:00:06.698-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Women Leaders'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500-1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ruff'/><title type='text'>Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain 1566–1633 (and lots more ruffs, of course)</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-upRXYNbTMpk/TzHdPAKH5mI/AAAAAAAA3MU/CCirUabGFLA/s1600/i%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2Bpainter%252C%2B1569-1622%2529%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2Bof%2BSpain%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%252C%2BArchduchess%2Bof%2BAustria.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-upRXYNbTMpk/TzHdPAKH5mI/AAAAAAAA3MU/CCirUabGFLA/s640/i%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2Bpainter%252C%2B1569-1622%2529%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2Bof%2BSpain%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%252C%2BArchduchess%2Bof%2BAustria.bmp" width="448" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Frans Pourbus the Younger (Flemish Baroque Era painter, 1569-1622) Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain (1566–1633), Archduchess of Austria&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain (1566–1633) was sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands in the Low Countries &amp;amp; the north of modern France, together with her husband Albert, whom she did not marry until the age of 33. She is often referred to as Clara Isabella Eugenia. By birth, she was an infanta of Spain &amp;amp; Portugal.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--KbFgEyUQ20/TzHdeJD5n9I/AAAAAAAA3Mg/rXKIvzUnNcs/s1600/1%2BAnguissola%2BSofonisba%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2B1530s-1625%2529%2BInfantas%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2Band%2BCatalina%2BMicaela.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="359" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--KbFgEyUQ20/TzHdeJD5n9I/AAAAAAAA3Mg/rXKIvzUnNcs/s400/1%2BAnguissola%2BSofonisba%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2B1530s-1625%2529%2BInfantas%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2Band%2BCatalina%2BMicaela.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Anguissola Sofonisba (Italian painter, 1530s-1625) Infantas Isabella Clara Eugenia and Catalina Micaela&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain was born in the city of Segovia in 1566, daughter of Philip II of Spain &amp;amp; his&amp;nbsp;3rd wife Elisabeth of Valois.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rrDwypbrIaY/TzHdnPgDzdI/AAAAAAAA3Ms/555lzfiNlJg/s1600/2%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2Bby%2BAlonso%2BSanchez%2BCoello_.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-rrDwypbrIaY/TzHdnPgDzdI/AAAAAAAA3Ms/555lzfiNlJg/s400/2%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2Bby%2BAlonso%2BSanchez%2BCoello_.jpg" width="328" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) by Alonso Sanchez Coello (Spanish painter, c 1531-1588) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Her father, Philip II, was reportedly overjoyed at her birth &amp;amp; declared himself to be happier on the occasion than he would have been at the birth of a son. Philip already had a male heir, Don Carlos of Spain, the child of his&amp;nbsp;1st marriage to Infanta Maria of Portugal; however, father &amp;amp; son never developed a close relationship.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ejghdJzeoY0/TzHdvanfGHI/AAAAAAAA3M4/a8Jn73xHehI/s1600/3%2B1579%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2Bby%2BSanchez%2BCoello_.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ejghdJzeoY0/TzHdvanfGHI/AAAAAAAA3M4/a8Jn73xHehI/s640/3%2B1579%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2Bby%2BSanchez%2BCoello_.jpg" width="579" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1579 Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) by Alonso Sanchez Coello (Spanish painter, c 1531-1588) Detail&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Isabella's mother, Elisabeth of Valois, gave birth to Isabella Clara Eugenia on 12 August 1566, &amp;amp; then to Isabella's younger sister Catherine Michelle 10 October 1567. Sadly, Isabella's mother Elisabeth miscarried a son on 3 October 1568 &amp;amp; died the same day.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KMeXVwkvifU/TzHd7bXQCPI/AAAAAAAA3NE/jh3VP7Qx6Wk/s1600/3%2Bafter%2BAlonso%2BSanchez%2BCoello%2B%2528Spanish%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1531-1588%2529%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KMeXVwkvifU/TzHd7bXQCPI/AAAAAAAA3NE/jh3VP7Qx6Wk/s640/3%2Bafter%2BAlonso%2BSanchez%2BCoello%2B%2528Spanish%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1531-1588%2529%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" width="526" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;after Alonso Sanchez Coello (Spanish painter, c 1531-1588) Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Isabella grew up with her sister Infanta Catherine Michelle of Spain, beloved by her father &amp;amp; her new stepmother Anna of Austria, Philip's&amp;nbsp;4th wife.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UR5iEAu2wQw/TzHeSK-EgmI/AAAAAAAA3NQ/8SAHBq7T-OM/s1600/5%2B%2BAnguissola%2BSofonisba%2B%25281530s%25E2%2580%25941625%2529.%2B%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UR5iEAu2wQw/TzHeSK-EgmI/AAAAAAAA3NQ/8SAHBq7T-OM/s640/5%2B%2BAnguissola%2BSofonisba%2B%25281530s%25E2%2580%25941625%2529.%2B%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" width="550" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Anguissola Sofonisba (1530s—1625).  Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Isabella was also the only person whom Philip permitted to help him with his work, sorting his papers &amp;amp; translating Italian documents into&amp;nbsp;Spanish&amp;nbsp;for him. Isabella remained extremely close to her father, until his death in 1598. &amp;nbsp;She served as his primary caretaker during the last 3 years of his life, when he was plagued by gout &amp;amp; frequent illness.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1DKzEVXk8C0/TzHedQJz7SI/AAAAAAAA3Nc/Q91chpgRKRs/s1600/6%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2Bof%2BSpain%2Band%2BGoverness%2Bof%2BThe%2BLow%2BCountries%2Bby%2BMarcus%2BGeeraerts%2Bthe%2BYounger%252C%2B1618.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1DKzEVXk8C0/TzHedQJz7SI/AAAAAAAA3Nc/Q91chpgRKRs/s640/6%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2Bof%2BSpain%2Band%2BGoverness%2Bof%2BThe%2BLow%2BCountries%2Bby%2BMarcus%2BGeeraerts%2Bthe%2BYounger%252C%2B1618.jpg" width="356" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633)  of Spain and Governess of The Low Countries by Marcus Geeraerts the Younger, 1618&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Since 1568, at the age of 2, Isabella was promised to marry Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor (1552 – 1612), son of Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, &amp;amp; Maria of Spain. Isabella, however, had to wait for more than 20 long years, before&amp;nbsp;her eccentric betrothed Rudolf declared that he had no intention of marrying anybody.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-36h5h7oEILI/TzHeolM746I/AAAAAAAA3No/pbBVKItLA5Q/s1600/7%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-36h5h7oEILI/TzHeolM746I/AAAAAAAA3No/pbBVKItLA5Q/s640/7%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" width="536" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Alonso Sanchez Coello (Spanish painter, c 1531-1588) Infanta Isabella Clara  Eugenia (1566–1633) Detail of painting below&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After her unfortunate uncle, Henry III of France, was assassinated by the fanatical young monk Jacques Clément in 1589, Isabella's doting father&amp;nbsp;Philip II claimed the French Crown on behalf of Isabella.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z7uc9AfbDhY/TzKb3mjWTnI/AAAAAAAA3SI/_H6lJFYdLXw/s1600/Alonso%2BSanchez%2BCoello%2B%2528Spanish%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1531-1588%2529%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z7uc9AfbDhY/TzKb3mjWTnI/AAAAAAAA3SI/_H6lJFYdLXw/s640/Alonso%2BSanchez%2BCoello%2B%2528Spanish%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1531-1588%2529%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" width="401" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Alonso Sanchez Coello (Spanish painter, c 1531-1588) Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Parlement de Paris, in power of the Catholic party, gave verdict that Isabella Clara Eugenia is "the legitimate sovereign" of France. However, the Huguenot leader, Henry of Navarre, the rightful King by traditional French inheritance laws, ultimately made good his claim to the throne, converted to Catholicism, &amp;amp; was crowned in 1594. Isabella was no longer the "legitimate sovereign" of France.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-b2d_BN0GDv4/TzHexleaEpI/AAAAAAAA3N0/wCOC-J_ibBQ/s1600/8%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2Bby%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2BII%2B-%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-b2d_BN0GDv4/TzHexleaEpI/AAAAAAAA3N0/wCOC-J_ibBQ/s640/8%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2Bby%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2BII%2B-%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia.jpg" width="465" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) by Frans Pourbus II &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Saddened by this turn of fortune, her father decided to cede the Spanish Netherlands to her on condition that she marry her cousin, Archduke Albert of Austria. They were to reign over the Netherlands jointly as duke/count &amp;amp; duchess/countess.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_hfzOSzIbuU/TzHe_1R7EII/AAAAAAAA3OE/Fl50owfOsBY/s1600/Archdukes%2BAlbrecht%2Band%2BIsabella%2Bof%2BAustria%252C%2Bby%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens.%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-_hfzOSzIbuU/TzHe_1R7EII/AAAAAAAA3OE/Fl50owfOsBY/s640/Archdukes%2BAlbrecht%2Band%2BIsabella%2Bof%2BAustria%252C%2Bby%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens.%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="307" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Archdukes Albrecht and Isabella of Austria, by Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;On 18 April 1599, by now being 33 years old, she married Albert, who was also the younger brother of her former fiancé of 20 years, Rudolf II. Albert was the joint sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands &amp;amp; the former viceroy of Portugal. Shortly before her father Philip II died in&amp;nbsp;1598, he renounced his rights to the Netherlands in favor of his daughter Isabella &amp;amp; her fiancé. Isabella bore Albert 3 children, Archdukes Philip (1605) &amp;amp; Albert (1607) &amp;amp; Archduchess Anna Mauritia; however, all three of Isabella's children died in infancy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qFdWfhP06Kk/TzHfKExNBxI/AAAAAAAA3OM/na3hQg9bdh0/s1600/i%2B1599%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2Bpainter%252C%2B1569-1622%2529%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2526%2Bher%2BDwarf.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qFdWfhP06Kk/TzHfKExNBxI/AAAAAAAA3OM/na3hQg9bdh0/s640/i%2B1599%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2Bpainter%252C%2B1569-1622%2529%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2526%2Bher%2BDwarf.bmp" width="384" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1599 Frans Pourbus the Younger (Flemish Baroque Era painter, 1569-1622) Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Beginning in 1601, the couple ruled the Spanish Netherlands together, &amp;amp; after her husband Albert's death, Isabella was appointed Governor of the Netherlands on behalf of the King of Spain.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QRtM2bKC99E/TzHfT6ROTCI/AAAAAAAA3OY/JY6Qzh1dszA/s1600/i%2B1599%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2Bby%2BJuan%2BPantoja%2Bde%2Bla%2BCruz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QRtM2bKC99E/TzHfT6ROTCI/AAAAAAAA3OY/JY6Qzh1dszA/s640/i%2B1599%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2Bby%2BJuan%2BPantoja%2Bde%2Bla%2BCruz.jpg" width="496" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1599 Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) by Juan Pantoja de la Cruz &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The reign of the Archdukes Isabella Clara Eugenia &amp;amp; Albert of Austria was a key period in the history of the Spanish Netherlands. Political upheavals slowed down &amp;amp; their court became a meeting place for intellectuals, artists, &amp;amp; political envoys.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9WJCLNb8_fk/TzHfmyNVwWI/AAAAAAAA3Ok/R_avOZq11ow/s1600/i%2B1599%2BSofonisba%2BAnguissola%2B%25281530-1625%2529%2BInfantin%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%252C%2B1599%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9WJCLNb8_fk/TzHfmyNVwWI/AAAAAAAA3Ok/R_avOZq11ow/s640/i%2B1599%2BSofonisba%2BAnguissola%2B%25281530-1625%2529%2BInfantin%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%252C%2B1599%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="363" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1599 Sofonisba Anguissola (1530-1625) Infantin Isabella Clara Eugenia, 1599&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Isabella &amp;amp; her husband stimulated the growth of the region's artistic movement, which resulted in the creation of the Flemish Baroque.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-K59f-pzxnXA/TzHfweTlIpI/AAAAAAAA3Ow/gREAnRGTvVI/s1600/i%2B1605%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2Bby%2BSanchez%2BCoello.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-K59f-pzxnXA/TzHfweTlIpI/AAAAAAAA3Ow/gREAnRGTvVI/s640/i%2B1605%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B%2Bby%2BSanchez%2BCoello.jpg" width="331" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1605 Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) Alonso Sanchez Coello (Spanish painter, c 1531-1588)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Their patronage of such artists as Peter Paul Rubens, Pieter Brueghel the Younger, Coebergher, the De Nole family, the Van Veens &amp;amp; many others were the beginning of a Golden Age in the Southern Netherlands.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yeOjiCAOb_I/TzHgFagtp-I/AAAAAAAA3PA/E6Arh0ZaOmU/s1600/i%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B1598.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yeOjiCAOb_I/TzHgFagtp-I/AAAAAAAA3PA/E6Arh0ZaOmU/s640/i%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2B1598.jpg" width="508" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) 1598 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Brussels became a vital link in the chain of Habsburg Courts &amp;amp; the diplomatic conduits between Madrid, Vienna, Paris, London, Lisbon, Graz, Innsbruck, Prague &amp;amp; The Hague could be said to run through Brussels.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-U7Ksrtmr3SY/TzHgPdTj_MI/AAAAAAAA3PI/mDROE-jZCww/s1600/i%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2Bby%2Bthe%2Bworkshop%2Bof%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2B%25281577-1640%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-U7Ksrtmr3SY/TzHgPdTj_MI/AAAAAAAA3PI/mDROE-jZCww/s640/i%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2Bby%2Bthe%2Bworkshop%2Bof%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2B%25281577-1640%2529.jpg" width="504" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) by the workshop of Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;When Albert died in 1621, Isabella joined the Third Order of St Francis &amp;amp; was appointed the Governor of the Netherlands on behalf of the King of Spain. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-se2xjl1bT_o/TzHgY7QtDUI/AAAAAAAA3PU/8s_tMI5HXbA/s1600/i%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2BPrincess%2Bof%2BPortugal%2Bby%2BFlemish%2Bschool.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-se2xjl1bT_o/TzHgY7QtDUI/AAAAAAAA3PU/8s_tMI5HXbA/s640/i%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%2BPrincess%2Bof%2BPortugal%2Bby%2BFlemish%2Bschool.jpg" width="515" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) Princess of Portugal by Flemish school&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In September 1609, Rubens was appointed as court painter by Albert VII, Archduke of Austria and Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain, sovereigns of the Low Countries. He received special permission to base his studio in Antwerp instead of at their court in Brussels, and to also work for other clients. He remained close to the Archduchess Isabella until her death in 1633, and was called upon not only as a painter but also as an ambassador and diplomat.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zn5G-Wm2ux8/TzKU3AypNZI/AAAAAAAA3RM/JddDr6l4MYE/s1600/Peter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2B%25281577-1640%2529%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%252C%2B1615.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zn5G-Wm2ux8/TzKU3AypNZI/AAAAAAAA3RM/JddDr6l4MYE/s640/Peter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2B%25281577-1640%2529%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%252C%2B1615.jpg" width="446" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633), 1615&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wMTTRRXw-Lk/TzKVCLYUaOI/AAAAAAAA3RY/rq67nbJZmtQ/s1600/Workshop%2Bof%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2Band%2BJan%2BBrueghel%2B%2528I%2529.%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%252C%2BArchduchess%2Bof%2BAustria%252C%2Bwith%2Bthe%2Bch%25C3%25A2teau%2BMariemont%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bbackground.%2B1615-1625..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="253" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-wMTTRRXw-Lk/TzKVCLYUaOI/AAAAAAAA3RY/rq67nbJZmtQ/s400/Workshop%2Bof%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2Band%2BJan%2BBrueghel%2B%2528I%2529.%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%252C%2BArchduchess%2Bof%2BAustria%252C%2Bwith%2Bthe%2Bch%25C3%25A2teau%2BMariemont%2Bin%2Bthe%2Bbackground.%2B1615-1625..jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Workshop of Peter Paul Rubens and Jan Brueghel (I). Portrait of Isabella Clara Eugenia, Archduchess of Austria, with the château Mariemont in the background. 1615-1625.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AKRaSl66BL8/TzHgf23kOqI/AAAAAAAA3Pg/-0xqHKwFE_A/s1600/i%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-AKRaSl66BL8/TzHgf23kOqI/AAAAAAAA3Pg/-0xqHKwFE_A/s640/i%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2BInfanta%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529.jpg" width="492" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eaTAvjVDexs/TzKVjqSD1tI/AAAAAAAA3Rw/j64zXjWk2L8/s1600/clis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eaTAvjVDexs/TzKVjqSD1tI/AAAAAAAA3Rw/j64zXjWk2L8/s640/clis.jpg" width="489" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia (1566–1633) as a Nun by Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640) 1625&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-4919886082297669486?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/4919886082297669486/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/isabella-clara-eugenia-of-spain.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4919886082297669486'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4919886082297669486'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/isabella-clara-eugenia-of-spain.html' title='Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain 1566–1633 (and lots more ruffs, of course)'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-upRXYNbTMpk/TzHdPAKH5mI/AAAAAAAA3MU/CCirUabGFLA/s72-c/i%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2Bpainter%252C%2B1569-1622%2529%2BIsabella%2BClara%2BEugenia%2Bof%2BSpain%2B%25281566%25E2%2580%25931633%2529%252C%2BArchduchess%2Bof%2BAustria.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-7250576220276606459</id><published>2012-02-08T08:17:00.006-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-08T17:43:26.571-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Coffee Tales'/><title type='text'>Coffee Tales</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lb0eULrYNkc/TzL6dLX9neI/AAAAAAAA3SU/wQyk1ArcCds/s1600/Turkish%2Bcoffee%2Bpot%2Bmm.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="332" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lb0eULrYNkc/TzL6dLX9neI/AAAAAAAA3SU/wQyk1ArcCds/s400/Turkish%2Bcoffee%2Bpot%2Bmm.jpg" width="296" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Turkish Coffee Pot&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The word "coffee"&amp;nbsp;appeared in an&amp;nbsp;English travel book&amp;nbsp;in 1598, via Dutch koffie which was a term borrowed from Turkish kahve, in turn borrowed from Arabic قهوة (qahwa), a truncation of qahhwat al-bun "wine of the bean." Some claim that a&amp;nbsp;possible origin of the name is the Kingdom of Kaffa in Ethiopia, where the coffee plant is said to have originated; although, its name there is bunn or bunna.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Coffee"&gt;For more early morning coffee tales, click here.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-7250576220276606459?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/7250576220276606459/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/7250576220276606459'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/7250576220276606459'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales.html' title='Coffee Tales'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lb0eULrYNkc/TzL6dLX9neI/AAAAAAAA3SU/wQyk1ArcCds/s72-c/Turkish%2Bcoffee%2Bpot%2Bmm.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-1811355403798180327</id><published>2012-02-08T05:26:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-08T05:26:00.275-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Lorenzetti-P'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1300s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Madonna + Child'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Lorenzetti-A'/><title type='text'>Madonna &amp; Child by Pietro &amp; Ambrogio Lorenzetti - 1300s</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iMezdea-teI/TzHB7b9e9pI/AAAAAAAA3Ik/5KWbmEewxi8/s1600/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BMadonna%2BEnthroned%2Bwith%2BAngels%2B1340.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iMezdea-teI/TzHB7b9e9pI/AAAAAAAA3Ik/5KWbmEewxi8/s640/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BMadonna%2BEnthroned%2Bwith%2BAngels%2B1340.jpg" width="569" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pietro Lorenzetti (Sienese painter, fl 1306-1345) Madonna Enthroned with Angels 1340&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-v4ndG02Qdws/TzHCEsbtelI/AAAAAAAA3Iw/icAyaR9SOUw/s1600/Ambrogio%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2Bc%2B1317-1348%2529%2BAltarpiece%2Bof%2BSt%2BProculus%2B1332.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="237" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-v4ndG02Qdws/TzHCEsbtelI/AAAAAAAA3Iw/icAyaR9SOUw/s400/Ambrogio%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2Bc%2B1317-1348%2529%2BAltarpiece%2Bof%2BSt%2BProculus%2B1332.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Ambrogio Lorenzetti (Sienese painter, fl c 1317-1348) Altarpiece of St Proculus 1332&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oHKz_q1BXdQ/TzHCO6X0g4I/AAAAAAAA3I8/YjeOBGM8WKA/s1600/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2Bc%2B1340.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oHKz_q1BXdQ/TzHCO6X0g4I/AAAAAAAA3I8/YjeOBGM8WKA/s640/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2Bc%2B1340.jpg" width="411" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pietro Lorenzetti (Sienese painter, fl 1306-1345) Adoration of the Magi c 1340&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-G0k7ESGHxoE/TzHCZST7-ZI/AAAAAAAA3JI/XtYBXVsZHvI/s1600/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BMadonna%2Band%2BChild%2B1320.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-G0k7ESGHxoE/TzHCZST7-ZI/AAAAAAAA3JI/XtYBXVsZHvI/s640/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BMadonna%2Band%2BChild%2B1320.jpg" width="441" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pietro Lorenzetti (Sienese painter, fl 1306-1345) Madonna and Child 1320&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tRF7QVbYiY4/TzHCos_sLlI/AAAAAAAA3JU/Z6LpdLUdyZQ/s1600/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BMadonna%2B%2526%2BChild%2Bwith%2BSt%2BFrancis%2Band%2BSt%2BJohn%2Bthe%2BEvangelist.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="193" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-tRF7QVbYiY4/TzHCos_sLlI/AAAAAAAA3JU/Z6LpdLUdyZQ/s400/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BMadonna%2B%2526%2BChild%2Bwith%2BSt%2BFrancis%2Band%2BSt%2BJohn%2Bthe%2BEvangelist.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pietro Lorenzetti (Sienese painter, fl 1306-1345) Madonna &amp;amp; Child with St Francis and St John the Evangelist&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this blog, I try to begin each day with a painting of the Madonna &amp;amp; Child. It centers me; connects me to the past; &amp;amp; encourages me to post some of the religious paintings which were the core of early Western art. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Madonna%20%2B%20Child"&gt;Click here for other Madonna images from this blog.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-1811355403798180327?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/1811355403798180327/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-by-pietro-ambrogio.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/1811355403798180327'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/1811355403798180327'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-by-pietro-ambrogio.html' title='Madonna &amp; Child by Pietro &amp; Ambrogio Lorenzetti - 1300s'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iMezdea-teI/TzHB7b9e9pI/AAAAAAAA3Ik/5KWbmEewxi8/s72-c/Pietro%2BLorenzetti%2B%2528Sienese%2Bpainter%252C%2Bfl%2B1306-1345%2529%2BMadonna%2BEnthroned%2Bwith%2BAngels%2B1340.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-2804515060536227725</id><published>2012-02-07T22:24:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-07T22:25:26.048-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Flowers + Gardens'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Luyckx'/><title type='text'>Flowers for You</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-V3rGvdcik30/TzHqtwU_KEI/AAAAAAAA3Q0/0sklcxdh0RE/s1600/17%2BChristiaan%2BLuyckx%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1623-a%2B1653%2529%2BStill%2BLife.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-V3rGvdcik30/TzHqtwU_KEI/AAAAAAAA3Q0/0sklcxdh0RE/s400/17%2BChristiaan%2BLuyckx%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1623-a%2B1653%2529%2BStill%2BLife.jpg" width="282" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Christiaan Luyckx (Flemish painter, 1623-a 1653) Still Life&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-2804515060536227725?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/2804515060536227725/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/flowers-for-you_07.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2804515060536227725'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2804515060536227725'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/flowers-for-you_07.html' title='Flowers for You'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-V3rGvdcik30/TzHqtwU_KEI/AAAAAAAA3Q0/0sklcxdh0RE/s72-c/17%2BChristiaan%2BLuyckx%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1623-a%2B1653%2529%2BStill%2BLife.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6398741705591417773</id><published>2012-02-07T16:00:00.011-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-07T21:47:02.006-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tea'/><title type='text'>Relax &amp; have some tea...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WDWwu0UpNHQ/Txbt8-rtIoI/AAAAAAAA0oc/02xLzeRAorY/s1600/t7.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="313" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WDWwu0UpNHQ/Txbt8-rtIoI/AAAAAAAA0oc/02xLzeRAorY/s400/t7.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Our trouble is that we drink too much tea. I see in this the slow revenge of the Orient, which has diverted the Yellow River down our throats&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;British writer J. B. Priestley 1894-1984 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hSQ-X4IfdkE/TzGTtYrsp2I/AAAAAAAA3IY/ww85xT7BTb4/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="168" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hSQ-X4IfdkE/TzGTtYrsp2I/AAAAAAAA3IY/ww85xT7BTb4/s400/1.jpg" width="225" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Tea"&gt;Click here for more tea stories &amp;amp; tea pots.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6398741705591417773?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6398741705591417773/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_07.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6398741705591417773'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6398741705591417773'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_07.html' title='Relax &amp; have some tea...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-WDWwu0UpNHQ/Txbt8-rtIoI/AAAAAAAA0oc/02xLzeRAorY/s72-c/t7.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6006164839095571072</id><published>2012-02-07T13:54:00.008-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T17:31:34.591-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Laundry'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Starch'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ruff'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>A little more on starch for ruffs et al...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N-v4BIdcZK0/TzF5JdtpblI/AAAAAAAA3IA/hO7VIXOFV90/s1600/1577%2BDuchess%2BDorothea%2BUrsula%2Bof%2BW%25C3%25BCrttemberg%2Battributed%2Bto%2BEberhard%2Bvon%2BBacke.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N-v4BIdcZK0/TzF5JdtpblI/AAAAAAAA3IA/hO7VIXOFV90/s640/1577%2BDuchess%2BDorothea%2BUrsula%2Bof%2BW%25C3%25BCrttemberg%2Battributed%2Bto%2BEberhard%2Bvon%2BBacke.jpg" width="526" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1577 Duchess Dorothea Ursula of Württemberg attributed to Eberhard von Backe&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Ordinary starch was made by boiling bran in water, then letting it stand for 3 days, according to a 15th century recipe.  Once the bran had been strained out, cloth was dipped in the sour, starchy water, dried, then smoothed and polished with a slickstone. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VO-lZZkP-fw/TzFvt-s6vTI/AAAAAAAA3GU/25-QNIIkyFg/s1600/1577%2BElizabeth%2BKnollys%252C%2BLady%2BLayton%2Bafter%2BGeorge%2BGower.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-VO-lZZkP-fw/TzFvt-s6vTI/AAAAAAAA3GU/25-QNIIkyFg/s640/1577%2BElizabeth%2BKnollys%252C%2BLady%2BLayton%2Bafter%2BGeorge%2BGower.jpg" width="480" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1577 Elizabeth Knollys, Lady Layton after George Gower&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the 1500s, the more refined "clear-starch" method consisted of preparing transparent starch mixtures &amp;amp; knowing how to use them. Clear-starching meant keeping delicate muslin &amp;amp; similar fabrics from being clogged with starch granules in the loose weave to avoiding thickening caused by visible traces of starch clinging to the threads.  Starchmaking could take up to a month, with long boiling, soaking, draining, rinsing, drying and so on.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tKCtuQ_X2cM/TzFvlAmN3zI/AAAAAAAA3GI/4y91oTSzOQs/s1600/1570%2BMadeleine%2Ble%2BClerc%2Bdu%2BTremblay%2Bby%2BFrancois%2BClouet..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tKCtuQ_X2cM/TzFvlAmN3zI/AAAAAAAA3GI/4y91oTSzOQs/s640/1570%2BMadeleine%2Ble%2BClerc%2Bdu%2BTremblay%2Bby%2BFrancois%2BClouet..jpg" width="457" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1570 Madeleine le Clerc du Tremblay by Francois Clouet.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The most pure and white starch is made of the rootes of the Cuckoo-pint, but most hurtful for the hands of the laundresse that have the handling of it, for it chappeth, blistereth, and maketh the hands rough and rugged and withall smarting. Gerard's Herbal, 1633&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3M73NTKTZ5Q/TzHi8sVO3sI/AAAAAAAA3P4/PJTmLrDMhcQ/s1600/1580-85%2BMary%2BCornwallis%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BBath%2Bby%2BGeorge%2BGower.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3M73NTKTZ5Q/TzHi8sVO3sI/AAAAAAAA3P4/PJTmLrDMhcQ/s640/1580-85%2BMary%2BCornwallis%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BBath%2Bby%2BGeorge%2BGower.jpg" width="505" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1580-85 Mary Cornwallis, Countess of Bath by George Gower&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the 17th century, the use of wheat was criticised as wasting food on fashion.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UjDgIJEB_UA/TzFwSCzFiAI/AAAAAAAA3Gs/MSZW6dwgR24/s1600/1580%2BScipione%2BPulzone%2Bor%2BHis%2BWorkshop%2B%25281550-1598%2529%2B.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-UjDgIJEB_UA/TzFwSCzFiAI/AAAAAAAA3Gs/MSZW6dwgR24/s640/1580%2BScipione%2BPulzone%2Bor%2BHis%2BWorkshop%2B%25281550-1598%2529%2B.bmp" width="472" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1580 Scipione Pulzone or His Workshop (1550-1598) Portrait of a Young Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The 18th century saw experimentation with different sources of starch, including horse chestnuts and potatoes. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3djCU6wzt40/TzFwcNH-hnI/AAAAAAAA3G4/RV_ggfX0SgE/s1600/1580s%2BFederico%2BBarocci%2B%2528Urbino%2B1528-1612%2529.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-3djCU6wzt40/TzFwcNH-hnI/AAAAAAAA3G4/RV_ggfX0SgE/s640/1580s%2BFederico%2BBarocci%2B%2528Urbino%2B1528-1612%2529.bmp" width="470" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1580s Federico Barocci (Urbino 1528-1612)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There are various things which diferent people mix with their starch, such as alum, gum arabic, and tallow, but if you do put anything in, let it be a little isinglass, for that is by far the best. About an ounce to a quarter of a pound of starch will be sufficient. The complete servant maid: or young woman's best companion. Containing full, plain, and easy directions... , Anne Barker, c 1770&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-32-jC-fWsx4/TzFwnjaGqjI/AAAAAAAA3HE/lU1eCScH_mg/s1600/1580s%2BUnknown%2Blady%2Bby%2Bcircle%2Bof%2BLarkin.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-32-jC-fWsx4/TzFwnjaGqjI/AAAAAAAA3HE/lU1eCScH_mg/s640/1580s%2BUnknown%2Blady%2Bby%2Bcircle%2Bof%2BLarkin.bmp" width="476" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1580s Unknown English Lady by circle of Larkin&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;You should always boil your starch in a copper vessel, because as it requires a great deal of boiling, tin is very apt to make it burn to. The complete servant maid: or young woman's best companion, Anne Barker  c 1770&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Bf0MoxDFg9A/TzFwyvrCxjI/AAAAAAAA3HQ/2O_wATY7NkE/s1600/1582%2BAEt.%2B26%2BAnne%2BKnollys%2Bnow%2BLady%2BDe%2BLa%2BWarr%2Bby%2BRobert%2BPeake.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Bf0MoxDFg9A/TzFwyvrCxjI/AAAAAAAA3HQ/2O_wATY7NkE/s640/1582%2BAEt.%2B26%2BAnne%2BKnollys%2Bnow%2BLady%2BDe%2BLa%2BWarr%2Bby%2BRobert%2BPeake.jpg" width="468" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1582 AEt. 26 Anne Knollys now Lady De La Warr by Robert Peake&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the 19th century, new ingredients and manufacturing methods were developed in the quest for pure white, refined starch. Rice starch was considered to give a good glazed finish. Corn starch made a more opaque mixture but could be made at home.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8bIZWWZE1KU/TzFw9d517PI/AAAAAAAA3Hc/ZPv5Vqz2kOk/s1600/1582-1585%2BInfanta%2BCatalina%2Bby%2BAlonso%2BS%25C3%25A1nchez%2BCoello.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8bIZWWZE1KU/TzFw9d517PI/AAAAAAAA3Hc/ZPv5Vqz2kOk/s640/1582-1585%2BInfanta%2BCatalina%2Bby%2BAlonso%2BS%25C3%25A1nchez%2BCoello.bmp" width="452" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1582-1585 Infanta Catalina by Alonso Sánchez Coello&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Cold Starch for Linen&amp;nbsp;- Take a quarter of a pint, or as much of the best raw starch as will half fill a common-sized tumbler. Fill it nearly up with very clear cold water. Mix it well with a spoon, pressing out all the lumps, till you get it thoroughly dissolved, and very smooth. Next add a tea-spoonful of salt to prevent its sticking. Then pour it into a broad earthen pan; add, gradually, a pint of clear cold water; and stir and mix it well. Do not boil it. The shirts having been washed and dried, dip the collars and wristbands into this starch, and then squeeze them out. Between each dipping, stir it up from the bottom with a spoon. Then sprinkle the shirts, and fold or roll them up, with the collars and wristbands folded evenly inside. They will be ready to iron in an hour. This quantity of cold starch is amply sufficient for the collars and wristbands of half a dozen shirts. Any article of cambric muslin may be done up with cold starch made as above. Poland starch is better than any other. It is to be had at most grocery stores. Cold starch will not do for thin muslin, or for any thing that is to be clapped and cleared. It is very convenient for linen etc., in summer, as it requires no boiling over the fire. Also, it goes farther than boiled starch. Lady's Recipt Book, Eliza Leslie, 1850&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9XiqC-3qTU8/TzL8AuA2PNI/AAAAAAAA3Sg/bF1WbjIyGnA/s1600/1589%2BElizabeth%2BBrydges%252C%2Blater%2BLady%2BKennedy%252C%2Bdaughter%2Bof%2BLord%2BChandos%2Band%2Bmaid%2Bof%2Bhonour%2Bto%2BElizabeth%2BI%2Bof%2BEngland%252C%2Baged%2B14%2Bby%2BHieronimo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9XiqC-3qTU8/TzL8AuA2PNI/AAAAAAAA3Sg/bF1WbjIyGnA/s640/1589%2BElizabeth%2BBrydges%252C%2Blater%2BLady%2BKennedy%252C%2Bdaughter%2Bof%2BLord%2BChandos%2Band%2Bmaid%2Bof%2Bhonour%2Bto%2BElizabeth%2BI%2Bof%2BEngland%252C%2Baged%2B14%2Bby%2BHieronimo.jpg" width="481" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1589 Elizabeth Brydges, later Lady Kennedy, daughter of Lord Chandos and maid of honour to Elizabeth I of England, aged 14 by Hieronimo Custodis (also spelled Hieronymus, Heironimos) (Flemish-born painter active in Elizabethan England died c. 1593) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-FfPMGhJ13GA/TzSMkqIf5DI/AAAAAAAA3VU/RwdGz44krVY/s1600/Bess%2BHardwick%2Bc1590-1600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-FfPMGhJ13GA/TzSMkqIf5DI/AAAAAAAA3VU/RwdGz44krVY/s640/Bess%2BHardwick%2Bc1590-1600.jpg" width="475" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1592 Bess of Hardwick, Countess of Shrewsbury by Rowland Lockley&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WWlrkRkjaMI/TzHnmNGotCI/AAAAAAAA3QE/Ye1Ear2qo7k/s1600/1590%2Bc%2BMary%2BKytson%252C%2BLady%2BDarcy%2BChiche%252C%2Bdaughter%2Bof%2BElizabeth%2BCornwallis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-WWlrkRkjaMI/TzHnmNGotCI/AAAAAAAA3QE/Ye1Ear2qo7k/s640/1590%2Bc%2BMary%2BKytson%252C%2BLady%2BDarcy%2BChiche%252C%2Bdaughter%2Bof%2BElizabeth%2BCornwallis.jpg" width="380" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1590s Mary Kytson, Lady Darcy Chiche, daughter of Elizabeth Cornwallis&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iw5slrNU5Ic/TzFxZGE6tJI/AAAAAAAA3Ho/qJaiF_Vondg/s1600/1590s%2BSovereign%2BDuchess%2BCatherine%2Bde%2BBourbon%2Bde%2BNavarra%2Bof%2BAlbret%252C%2BComtesse%2Bd%2527Armagnac%2Band%2BRodez%2B1572-1604.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-iw5slrNU5Ic/TzFxZGE6tJI/AAAAAAAA3Ho/qJaiF_Vondg/s400/1590s%2BSovereign%2BDuchess%2BCatherine%2Bde%2BBourbon%2Bde%2BNavarra%2Bof%2BAlbret%252C%2BComtesse%2Bd%2527Armagnac%2Band%2BRodez%2B1572-1604.bmp" width="313" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1590s Sovereign Duchess Catherine de Bourbon de Navarra of Albret, Comtesse d'Armagnac and Rodez 1572-1604&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6006164839095571072?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6006164839095571072/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/little-more-on-starch-for-ruffs-et-al.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6006164839095571072'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6006164839095571072'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/little-more-on-starch-for-ruffs-et-al.html' title='A little more on starch for ruffs et al...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N-v4BIdcZK0/TzF5JdtpblI/AAAAAAAA3IA/hO7VIXOFV90/s72-c/1577%2BDuchess%2BDorothea%2BUrsula%2Bof%2BW%25C3%25BCrttemberg%2Battributed%2Bto%2BEberhard%2Bvon%2BBacke.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-588508105352522400</id><published>2012-02-07T13:10:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-07T13:57:53.324-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Laundry'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Sewing + Textiles'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Lace'/><title type='text'>Washing the Lace</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2CbuUR5r6Dw/TrxserDBn6I/AAAAAAAAwQg/WY1eesx5-iQ/s1600/untitled.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2CbuUR5r6Dw/TrxserDBn6I/AAAAAAAAwQg/WY1eesx5-iQ/s400/untitled.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-588508105352522400?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/588508105352522400/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/11/washing-lace.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/588508105352522400'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/588508105352522400'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/11/washing-lace.html' title='Washing the Lace'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2CbuUR5r6Dw/TrxserDBn6I/AAAAAAAAwQg/WY1eesx5-iQ/s72-c/untitled.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6136428427312298134</id><published>2012-02-07T08:03:00.016-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T08:31:45.748-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Coffee Tales'/><title type='text'>Coffee Tales - Japan</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1DJDLQV170c/TzEg5tNoMgI/AAAAAAAA3F8/DrBN8V_cVl4/s1600/Coffee%2Bpot%252C%2BEdo%2BPeriod%2B%25281615%25E2%2580%25931868%2529%252C%2B1650%25E2%2580%259375.%2BJapan%2BPorcelain.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1DJDLQV170c/TzEg5tNoMgI/AAAAAAAA3F8/DrBN8V_cVl4/s400/Coffee%2Bpot%252C%2BEdo%2BPeriod%2B%25281615%25E2%2580%25931868%2529%252C%2B1650%25E2%2580%259375.%2BJapan%2BPorcelain.bmp" width="335" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Coffee pot, Edo Period (1615–1868), 1650–75. Japanese Porcelain (Hizen ware, Arita type) &lt;a href="http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/works-of-art/79.2.176a,b"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt;The Met tells us that this coffee pot was made specifically for export to Europe.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: x-small;"&gt; "From the mid-17th to the mid-18th century, when Chinese porcelain production was in decline, the Japanese porcelain industry thrived through trade with the Dutch. Since shapes like coffee pots were unfamiliar to Japanese potters, the Dutch would provide models to be copied. Additions of silver or gold mountings to a porcelain vessel were common in export wares, highlighting the high value placed on porcelain by the wealthy European consumers."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The Dutch brought coffee to Japan in 1609, where it competed with tea but never overtook it. In 1804, the 1st written account of drinking coffee appeared in Japan. By 1826, there was written documentation that word was spreading that coffee helped increase longevity. When free trade began in 1858, coffee was imported. In 1869, the 1st printed advertisement for coffee appeared in the port town of Yokohama.  By 1888, the Japanese planted coffee beans that yeilded some crop. But, in 1885, the 1st Japanese immigrants had been brought to Hawaii's Big Island sugar plantations to work on 3-year labor contracts under severe conditions. Many found their way to Kona &amp;amp; were employed as coffee pickers. By 1899, the 1st Japanese mill known as the "Kona Japanese Coffee Mill" was established in Kailua-Kona. At that time, farmers were obligated to deliver their crops to Captain Cook Coffee Company or American factors, making it difficult for the Japanese mill to obtain coffee beans. As an incentive, Japanese mills offered cash payment &amp;amp; slightly higher prices to coffee growers. They would set out at midnight to pick up the coffee crop. And so, today the Japanese prefer some of the world’s rarest &amp;amp; most expensive coffees from Kona, Hawaii. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #fff2cc;"&gt;In Japan, a Mandarin fell in love with a courtesan. “I shall be yours,” she told him, “when you have spent 100 nights waiting for me, sitting on a stool, in my garden beneath my window.” But on the 99th night, the mandarin stood up, put his stool under his arm, and went away.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Coffee"&gt;For more early morning coffee tales, click here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6136428427312298134?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6136428427312298134/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales-japan.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6136428427312298134'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6136428427312298134'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales-japan.html' title='Coffee Tales - Japan'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1DJDLQV170c/TzEg5tNoMgI/AAAAAAAA3F8/DrBN8V_cVl4/s72-c/Coffee%2Bpot%252C%2BEdo%2BPeriod%2B%25281615%25E2%2580%25931868%2529%252C%2B1650%25E2%2580%259375.%2BJapan%2BPorcelain.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6279107086447547942</id><published>2012-02-07T05:45:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-07T19:26:52.614-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Madonna + Child'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><title type='text'>Morning Madonna</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zhhU_vpaK1s/TzCKu8XrWTI/AAAAAAAA3D4/UKXdKlZBrsk/s1600/1520%2BJan%2BGossaert%2B%25281478-1532%2529%2BMadonna%2Band%2BChild%2Bwith%2BCherries.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zhhU_vpaK1s/TzCKu8XrWTI/AAAAAAAA3D4/UKXdKlZBrsk/s400/1520%2BJan%2BGossaert%2B%25281478-1532%2529%2BMadonna%2Band%2BChild%2Bwith%2BCherries.jpg" width="297" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1520 Jan Gossaert (1478-1532) Madonna and Child with Cherries&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this blog, I try to begin each day with a painting of the Madonna &amp;amp; Child. It centers me; connects me to the past; &amp;amp; encourages me to post some of the religious paintings which were the core of early Western art. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Madonna%20%20%2B%20Child"&gt;Click here for other Madonna images from this blog.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6279107086447547942?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6279107086447547942/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6279107086447547942'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6279107086447547942'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child.html' title='Morning Madonna'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-zhhU_vpaK1s/TzCKu8XrWTI/AAAAAAAA3D4/UKXdKlZBrsk/s72-c/1520%2BJan%2BGossaert%2B%25281478-1532%2529%2BMadonna%2Band%2BChild%2Bwith%2BCherries.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-9071233717836553771</id><published>2012-02-06T22:46:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-06T22:47:15.273-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Flowers for You'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Flowers + Gardens'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1800s American Art'/><title type='text'>Flowers for You</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KPS-FTdpxHE/TzCeXyB3PHI/AAAAAAAA3EQ/ybZleWuM4xk/s1600/19%2BMartin%2BJohnson%2BHeade%2B%2528American%2Bartist%252C%2B1819-1904%2529%2BStill%2BLife%2Bof%2BRoses%2B1878.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KPS-FTdpxHE/TzCeXyB3PHI/AAAAAAAA3EQ/ybZleWuM4xk/s400/19%2BMartin%2BJohnson%2BHeade%2B%2528American%2Bartist%252C%2B1819-1904%2529%2BStill%2BLife%2Bof%2BRoses%2B1878.jpg" width="267" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Martin Johnson Heade (American artist, 1819-1904) Still Life of Roses 1878&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-9071233717836553771?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/9071233717836553771/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/flowers-for-you.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/9071233717836553771'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/9071233717836553771'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/flowers-for-you.html' title='Flowers for You'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-KPS-FTdpxHE/TzCeXyB3PHI/AAAAAAAA3EQ/ybZleWuM4xk/s72-c/19%2BMartin%2BJohnson%2BHeade%2B%2528American%2Bartist%252C%2B1819-1904%2529%2BStill%2BLife%2Bof%2BRoses%2B1878.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-194217293226503407</id><published>2012-02-06T20:33:00.015-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-10T00:52:13.460-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Artist Santvoort'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ruff'/><title type='text'>The Ruff &amp; the Family</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zvdl6fn4GyY/TzB91hVRxwI/AAAAAAAA3Ck/sGw_NQWwoQg/s1600/1557%2Battr%2BHans%2BEworth%2BAlice%2BBarnham%2Band%2BHer%2BSons%2BMartin%2Band%2BSteven.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zvdl6fn4GyY/TzB91hVRxwI/AAAAAAAA3Ck/sGw_NQWwoQg/s640/1557%2Battr%2BHans%2BEworth%2BAlice%2BBarnham%2Band%2BHer%2BSons%2BMartin%2Band%2BSteven.bmp" width="532" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1557 attr Hans Eworth Alice Bradbridge Barnham 1523-1604 &amp;amp; Her Sons Martin and Steven Her husband Francis Barham was a London draper &amp;amp; alderman. Alice was a silkwoman, running that business in her own right by the early 1560s. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-G3yuTY8Mukg/TzSSem0S-nI/AAAAAAAA3Vs/m7k0UUqC85I/s1600/1563%2BAdriann%2Bvan%2BSantvoort%2B%2526%2Bsons%2BGuillaume%2B%2526%2BAdrian%2Bby%2BBernard%2Bde%2BRijkere.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-G3yuTY8Mukg/TzSSem0S-nI/AAAAAAAA3Vs/m7k0UUqC85I/s640/1563%2BAdriann%2Bvan%2BSantvoort%2B%2526%2Bsons%2BGuillaume%2B%2526%2BAdrian%2Bby%2BBernard%2Bde%2BRijkere.jpg" width="504" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1563 Adriann van Santvoort &amp;amp; sons Guillaume &amp;amp; Adrian by Bernard de Rijkere&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hTcUoSazrTA/TzCU7HhWNxI/AAAAAAAA3EE/J1n_eFstkQ8/s1600/1567%2BWilliam%2BBrooke%252C%2B10th%2BLord%2Bof%2BCobham%2Band%2Bhis%2BFamily%2Bby%2Ban%2Bartist%2Bof%2Bthe%2BBritish%2BSchool.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="308" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hTcUoSazrTA/TzCU7HhWNxI/AAAAAAAA3EE/J1n_eFstkQ8/s400/1567%2BWilliam%2BBrooke%252C%2B10th%2BLord%2Bof%2BCobham%2Band%2Bhis%2BFamily%2Bby%2Ban%2Bartist%2Bof%2Bthe%2BBritish%2BSchool.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1567 William Brooke, 10th Lord of Cobham and his Family by an Unknown Artist of the British School&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Zf26lrqyb7c/TzSTx-XzFjI/AAAAAAAA3V4/7ou7HNAQd6w/s1600/1563%2BAnna%2Bvan%2BHerstbeeke%2B%2526%2Bdaughter%2BCatharina%2B%2526%2Bson%2BJan%2Bby%2BBernard%2Bde%2BRijkere.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Zf26lrqyb7c/TzSTx-XzFjI/AAAAAAAA3V4/7ou7HNAQd6w/s640/1563%2BAnna%2Bvan%2BHerstbeeke%2B%2526%2Bdaughter%2BCatharina%2B%2526%2Bson%2BJan%2Bby%2BBernard%2Bde%2BRijkere.jpg" width="507" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1563 Anna van Herstbeeke &amp;amp; daughter Catharina &amp;amp; son Jan by Bernard de Rijkere&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_xSm5D7vSI4/TzB-Irg6nVI/AAAAAAAA3C8/M90nkCmQcx0/s1600/1575%2BGirolamo%2BForni%252C%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bgentlewomen%2Bof%2Bthe%2B%2BGiusti%2Bdel%2BGiardino%2Bfamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="381" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_xSm5D7vSI4/TzB-Irg6nVI/AAAAAAAA3C8/M90nkCmQcx0/s400/1575%2BGirolamo%2BForni%252C%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bgentlewomen%2Bof%2Bthe%2B%2BGiusti%2Bdel%2BGiardino%2Bfamily.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1575 Girolamo Forni, Portrait of the gentlewomen of the Giusti del Giardino family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-uJEUmjIkSeg/TzSGMqqfeNI/AAAAAAAA3VI/wjEyLRTYDXE/s1600/Lady%2BKatherine%2BGrey%2B%2526%2Bson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-uJEUmjIkSeg/TzSGMqqfeNI/AAAAAAAA3VI/wjEyLRTYDXE/s400/Lady%2BKatherine%2BGrey%2B%2526%2Bson.jpg" width="391" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Lady Catherine Grey (1540-1568) &amp;amp;&amp;nbsp;son&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tIoRceLMW4w/TzDbaqyf4yI/AAAAAAAA3FM/2er9dqDUV2w/s1600/Family%2BSaying%2BGrace%2BBefore%2Ba%2BMeal%252C%2Bby%2BAnthonius%2BClaeissins%2B%25281538%25E2%2580%25931613%2529%252C%2Bc%2B1585.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="276" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-tIoRceLMW4w/TzDbaqyf4yI/AAAAAAAA3FM/2er9dqDUV2w/s400/Family%2BSaying%2BGrace%2BBefore%2Ba%2BMeal%252C%2Bby%2BAnthonius%2BClaeissins%2B%25281538%25E2%2580%25931613%2529%252C%2Bc%2B1585.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Family Saying Grace Before a Meal, by Anthonius Claeissins (1538–1613), c 1585&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-2P-yBtT2fdI/TzB-PTg71ZI/AAAAAAAA3DI/Cb77_ZgPcIE/s1600/1595%2BChristening%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BMother%2B%2526%2BChild%2BEnglish%2BSchool.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-2P-yBtT2fdI/TzB-PTg71ZI/AAAAAAAA3DI/Cb77_ZgPcIE/s640/1595%2BChristening%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BMother%2B%2526%2BChild%2BEnglish%2BSchool.jpg" width="441" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1595 Christening Portrait of Mother &amp;amp; Child by an Unknown Artist of the English School&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-IhtscsndmBQ/TzSwdPBjz1I/AAAAAAAA3Wc/ooiR9bxvH1A/s1600/Anne%2BHopton%2B%25281561-1625%2529%2BLady%2BPope%2Bwith%2Bson%2BWilliam%2B%2526%2Bher%2Bchildren%2Bfrom%2B1st%2Bmarriage%2Bby%2BMarcus%2BGheeraerts%2Bthe%2BYounger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-IhtscsndmBQ/TzSwdPBjz1I/AAAAAAAA3Wc/ooiR9bxvH1A/s640/Anne%2BHopton%2B%25281561-1625%2529%2BLady%2BPope%2Bwith%2Bson%2BWilliam%2B%2526%2Bher%2Bchildren%2Bfrom%2B1st%2Bmarriage%2Bby%2BMarcus%2BGheeraerts%2Bthe%2BYounger.jpg" width="379" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Anne Hopton (1561-1625) Lady Pope with son William &amp;amp; her children from 1st marriage by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-F4Urzfu7Ghk/TzB-68ETZeI/AAAAAAAA3DU/OfqKbjsBte8/s1600/1603%2BMaria%2Bde%2527%2BMedici%2Band%2Bher%2Bson%2BLouis%2BXIII%2B%2528by%2BCharles%2BMartin%2529%2BMus%25C3%25A9e%2Bdes%2BBeaux-arts%252C%2BBlois%252C%2BFrance.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-F4Urzfu7Ghk/TzB-68ETZeI/AAAAAAAA3DU/OfqKbjsBte8/s640/1603%2BMaria%2Bde%2527%2BMedici%2Band%2Bher%2Bson%2BLouis%2BXIII%2B%2528by%2BCharles%2BMartin%2529%2BMus%25C3%25A9e%2Bdes%2BBeaux-arts%252C%2BBlois%252C%2BFrance.jpg" width="372" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1603 Maria de' Medici and her son Louis XIII (by Charles Martin) Musée des Beaux-arts, Blois, France&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-L4e7Vvpzvv8/TzSOCWT-kYI/AAAAAAAA3Vg/kP3lwmhIggo/s1600/Lettice%2BCressy%252C%2BLady%2BTasburgh%2Bof%2BBodney%252C%2BNorfolk%2Band%2Bher%2BChildren%252C%2Bc1605.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-L4e7Vvpzvv8/TzSOCWT-kYI/AAAAAAAA3Vg/kP3lwmhIggo/s640/Lettice%2BCressy%252C%2BLady%2BTasburgh%2Bof%2BBodney%252C%2BNorfolk%2Band%2Bher%2BChildren%252C%2Bc1605.jpg" width="481" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Lettice Cressy, Lady Tasburgh of Bodney, Norfolk and her Children, c1605&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-M_Z5TI7MMNM/TzB_Bq3R-MI/AAAAAAAA3Dg/bfp3I618RcI/s1600/1619%2BCatherine%2BHooft%2Bwith%2Bher%2Bnurse.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-M_Z5TI7MMNM/TzB_Bq3R-MI/AAAAAAAA3Dg/bfp3I618RcI/s640/1619%2BCatherine%2BHooft%2Bwith%2Bher%2Bnurse.jpg" width="483" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1619 Catherine Hooft with her nurse&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hfIWoMiBvvE/Txt3mpwjlSI/AAAAAAAA0ys/FV7DyMsE8kE/s1600/r1%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2B%2BA%2BFamily%2BPortrait.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="227" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hfIWoMiBvvE/Txt3mpwjlSI/AAAAAAAA0ys/FV7DyMsE8kE/s400/r1%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2B%2BA%2BFamily%2BPortrait.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Dutch painter, 1584–1651)  A Family Portrait&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4MbH4IfSKrI/Txt3tvz9M9I/AAAAAAAA0y4/DUdVLK7EOOU/s1600/r2%2BGeorge%2BJamesone%2B%2528Scottish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1589%25E2%2580%25931644%2529%2BAnne%2BErsking%2BCount%2BRothes%2Bwith%2Bdaughters%2BLady%2BMargaret%2BLeslie%2Band%2BLady%2BMary%2BLeslie.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4MbH4IfSKrI/Txt3tvz9M9I/AAAAAAAA0y4/DUdVLK7EOOU/s640/r2%2BGeorge%2BJamesone%2B%2528Scottish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1589%25E2%2580%25931644%2529%2BAnne%2BErsking%2BCount%2BRothes%2Bwith%2Bdaughters%2BLady%2BMargaret%2BLeslie%2Band%2BLady%2BMary%2BLeslie.jpg" width="395" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;George Jamesone (Scottish painter, 1589–1644) Anne Ersking Count Rothes with daughters Lady Margaret Leslie and Lady Mary Leslie&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TmAtHLyW030/Txt32AaoiyI/AAAAAAAA0zE/whHu1qhyRiA/s1600/r3%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2BFamily%2Bof%2Bthe%2BArtist.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="282" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TmAtHLyW030/Txt32AaoiyI/AAAAAAAA0zE/whHu1qhyRiA/s400/r3%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2BFamily%2Bof%2Bthe%2BArtist.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Dutch painter, 1584–1651)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Family of the Artist&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8p0O1MwpJtU/Txt4BWvvfjI/AAAAAAAA0zQ/UpMLz3w8DBQ/s1600/r4%2BGeorge%2BJamesone%2B%2528Scottish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1589%25E2%2580%25931644%2529%2BMother%2Band%2BChild.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8p0O1MwpJtU/Txt4BWvvfjI/AAAAAAAA0zQ/UpMLz3w8DBQ/s400/r4%2BGeorge%2BJamesone%2B%2528Scottish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1589%25E2%2580%25931644%2529%2BMother%2Band%2BChild.jpg" width="293" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;George Jamesone (Scottish painter, 1589–1644) Mother and Child&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3prvbi8EXkY/Txt4JVusIAI/AAAAAAAA0zc/2o8dmeQRzHU/s1600/r5%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2BThe%2BArtist%2B%2526%2BHis%2BFamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-3prvbi8EXkY/Txt4JVusIAI/AAAAAAAA0zc/2o8dmeQRzHU/s640/r5%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2BThe%2BArtist%2B%2526%2BHis%2BFamily.jpg" width="539" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Dutch painter, 1584–1651)&amp;nbsp; The Artist &amp;amp; His Family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-v7L2M_AAhK4/Txt4R9YTf1I/AAAAAAAA0zo/o0gCg7HLsIs/s1600/r6%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2B%2BAnthony%2BReyniers%2B%2526%2BFamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="275" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-v7L2M_AAhK4/Txt4R9YTf1I/AAAAAAAA0zo/o0gCg7HLsIs/s400/r6%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2B%2BAnthony%2BReyniers%2B%2526%2BFamily.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Dutch painter, 1584–1651)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;Anthony Reyniers &amp;amp; Family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MwxeJICNVZM/Txt4bdhVrDI/AAAAAAAA0z0/lycCPf58dWU/s1600/r7%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bartist%252C%2B1584%25E2%2580%25931651%2529%2BFamily%2BPortrait.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="281" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-MwxeJICNVZM/Txt4bdhVrDI/AAAAAAAA0z0/lycCPf58dWU/s400/r7%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bartist%252C%2B1584%25E2%2580%25931651%2529%2BFamily%2BPortrait.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Dutch painter, 1584–1651)&amp;nbsp; Family Portrait&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-V6wYWTjz2eU/Txt4lXHcgnI/AAAAAAAA00A/XX0Ix3-i4Vs/s1600/r8%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bartist%252C%2B1584%25E2%2580%25931651%2529%2BNobleman%2Band%2B3%2BChildren.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-V6wYWTjz2eU/Txt4lXHcgnI/AAAAAAAA00A/XX0Ix3-i4Vs/s640/r8%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bartist%252C%2B1584%25E2%2580%25931651%2529%2BNobleman%2Band%2B3%2BChildren.jpg" width="500" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Dutch painter, 1584–1651)&amp;nbsp; A Nobleman with 3 Children&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SYIv1D0qUHM/Txt4t2ge3II/AAAAAAAA00M/KbMDb_8bdTQ/s1600/r9%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2BThe%2BArtist%2Bwith%2Bwife%2BSuzanne%2BCock%2B%2526%2BChildren.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="338" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SYIv1D0qUHM/Txt4t2ge3II/AAAAAAAA00M/KbMDb_8bdTQ/s400/r9%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1651%2529%2BThe%2BArtist%2Bwith%2Bwife%2BSuzanne%2BCock%2B%2526%2BChildren.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Dutch painter, 1584–1651)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;The Artist with wife Suzanne Cock &amp;amp; Children&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-YI-nc7gJIgM/TzDXCB0RM9I/AAAAAAAA3E0/UoI3wVrnpQE/s1600/Sir%2BThomas%2BLucy%252C%2BLady%2BAlice%2BSpencer%252C%2Band%2Bfamily%2Bby%2Bor%2Bafter%2BCornelius%2BJohnson%2B%2528Flemish-born%2BEnglish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1661%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="270" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-YI-nc7gJIgM/TzDXCB0RM9I/AAAAAAAA3E0/UoI3wVrnpQE/s400/Sir%2BThomas%2BLucy%252C%2BLady%2BAlice%2BSpencer%252C%2Band%2Bfamily%2Bby%2Bor%2Bafter%2BCornelius%2BJohnson%2B%2528Flemish-born%2BEnglish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1661%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Sir Thomas Lucy, Lady Alice Spencer, and family Said to be by or after Cornelius Johnson (Flemish-born English Baroque Era Painter, 1593-1661)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-d35EXFo6YJ0/TszC2juG3dI/AAAAAAAAxPs/YWGg6WX9aoE/s1600/Dirck%2BSantvoort%2B%25281569-1637%2529%2BFamily%2Bof%2BDirck%2BBas%2BJacobsz%252C%2Bc%2B1635%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="207" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-d35EXFo6YJ0/TszC2juG3dI/AAAAAAAAxPs/YWGg6WX9aoE/s400/Dirck%2BSantvoort%2B%25281569-1637%2529%2BFamily%2Bof%2BDirck%2BBas%2BJacobsz%252C%2Bc%2B1635%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Dirck Santvoort (1569-1637) Family of Dirck Bas Jacobsz, c 1635 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lvVQ2nhlzsM/TzDZp7aIiNI/AAAAAAAA3FA/DrdCT0uTAXo/s1600/Cornelius%2BJohnson%2B%2528Flemish-born%2BEnglish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1661%2529%2BLord%2BArthur%2BCapel%2B%2526%2BFamily.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="248" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-lvVQ2nhlzsM/TzDZp7aIiNI/AAAAAAAA3FA/DrdCT0uTAXo/s400/Cornelius%2BJohnson%2B%2528Flemish-born%2BEnglish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1661%2529%2BLord%2BArthur%2BCapel%2B%2526%2BFamily.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelius Johnson (Flemish-born English Baroque Era Painter, 1593-1661) Lord Arthur Capel &amp;amp; Family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-194217293226503407?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/194217293226503407/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/11/family-is-gathering.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/194217293226503407'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/194217293226503407'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/11/family-is-gathering.html' title='The Ruff &amp; the Family'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zvdl6fn4GyY/TzB91hVRxwI/AAAAAAAA3Ck/sGw_NQWwoQg/s72-c/1557%2Battr%2BHans%2BEworth%2BAlice%2BBarnham%2Band%2BHer%2BSons%2BMartin%2Band%2BSteven.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-4789714006788319217</id><published>2012-02-06T16:00:00.009-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-06T16:00:04.377-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tea'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Artist Preston'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1900s'/><title type='text'>Relax &amp; have some tea...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nVb5xXE5814/TxbtPTq6K_I/AAAAAAAA0oQ/wegsev-Cn1g/s1600/t17%2BMargaret%2BPreston%2B%2528Australian%2Bartist%252C%2B1875%25E2%2580%25931963%2529%2BPink%2Band%2BBlue%2B1909.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="259" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nVb5xXE5814/TxbtPTq6K_I/AAAAAAAA0oQ/wegsev-Cn1g/s400/t17%2BMargaret%2BPreston%2B%2528Australian%2Bartist%252C%2B1875%25E2%2580%25931963%2529%2BPink%2Band%2BBlue%2B1909.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Margaret Preston (Australian artist, 1875–1963) Pink and Blue 1909&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Tea"&gt;Click here for more tea stories &amp;amp; tea pots.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-4789714006788319217?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/4789714006788319217/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_06.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4789714006788319217'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4789714006788319217'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_06.html' title='Relax &amp; have some tea...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-nVb5xXE5814/TxbtPTq6K_I/AAAAAAAA0oQ/wegsev-Cn1g/s72-c/t17%2BMargaret%2BPreston%2B%2528Australian%2Bartist%252C%2B1875%25E2%2580%25931963%2529%2BPink%2Band%2BBlue%2B1909.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-3933884128165844342</id><published>2012-02-06T15:12:00.036-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-09T22:40:56.135-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Sisters'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500-1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Laundry'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Starch'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ruff'/><title type='text'>The amazing &amp; sometimes ridiculous Ruff of 1500-1600s Europe</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;In the early decades of the 1500s, ruffs or ruffles, started as low frilled collars, or as frilly trim surrounding tall collars.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Wqd5FkcHsoU/TzA1_Y1W0OI/AAAAAAAA21E/932lzNCLoVA/s1600/1535%2BTitian%2B%25281490-1576%2529%2BIsabella%2Bof%2BPortugal%2BThe%2Bhigh-necked%2Bsmock%2Bis%2Bembroidered%2Bin%2Bbands%2Bwhich%2Bradiate%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2Bneck%2Bruffle%2Bdown%2Bto%2Bthe%2Bcurving%2Btop%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bbodice..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Wqd5FkcHsoU/TzA1_Y1W0OI/AAAAAAAA21E/932lzNCLoVA/s640/1535%2BTitian%2B%25281490-1576%2529%2BIsabella%2Bof%2BPortugal%2BThe%2Bhigh-necked%2Bsmock%2Bis%2Bembroidered%2Bin%2Bbands%2Bwhich%2Bradiate%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2Bneck%2Bruffle%2Bdown%2Bto%2Bthe%2Bcurving%2Btop%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bbodice..jpg" width="524" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1535 Titian (1490-1576) Isabella of Portugal&amp;nbsp; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Initially ruffs were usually starched linen cambric edged with lace. Starch had been used in England well before the ruff appeared. About 1390, church records from Norwich listed eightpence for "vestiarium: pro coole, pro starchyng." Starch for kerchiefs was mentioned about 1440, as "starche, for kyrcheys" in &lt;i&gt;Promptorium parvulorum sive clericorum: dictionarius anglo-latinus princeps,&lt;/i&gt; by Dominican friar Galfridus Anglicus. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PXRQ_qZJNGs/TzA2NpqZepI/AAAAAAAA21Q/wk0aAdouCwc/s1600/1540%2BAlessandro%2BBonvicino%2B%2528also%2BBuonvicino%2529%2B%25281498-1554%2529%252C%2Bmore%2Bcommonly%2Bknown%2Bas%2BIl%2BMoretto%2Bda%2BBrescia%252C%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bc%2B1540.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PXRQ_qZJNGs/TzA2NpqZepI/AAAAAAAA21Q/wk0aAdouCwc/s400/1540%2BAlessandro%2BBonvicino%2B%2528also%2BBuonvicino%2529%2B%25281498-1554%2529%252C%2Bmore%2Bcommonly%2Bknown%2Bas%2BIl%2BMoretto%2Bda%2BBrescia%252C%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bc%2B1540.bmp" width="328" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1540 Alessandro Bonvicino (also Buonvicino) (1498-1554), more commonly known as Il Moretto da Brescia, Portrait of a Lady c 1540 &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Ruffs were usually worn usually closed, although some large ruffs attached to partlets were worn open.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lXWY4ekzVEA/TzA3mANGSaI/AAAAAAAA21c/7GkBQAfrW6g/s1600/1545%2BChristoph%2BAmberger%2B%25281505-1562%2529%2BA%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-lXWY4ekzVEA/TzA3mANGSaI/AAAAAAAA21c/7GkBQAfrW6g/s640/1545%2BChristoph%2BAmberger%2B%25281505-1562%2529%2BA%2BWoman.jpg" width="497" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1545 Christoph Amberger (1505-1562) A Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Pleated cuffs in a style matching the ruff were also found on shirts, partlets and some high-necked smocks throughout the century.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CBT7_IkXdUk/TzA3y1R4FlI/AAAAAAAA21o/vNSunlr4lVg/s1600/1545%2BTitian%2B%25281490-1576%2529%2BTitian%2527s%2BDaughter%2BLavinia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-CBT7_IkXdUk/TzA3y1R4FlI/AAAAAAAA21o/vNSunlr4lVg/s640/1545%2BTitian%2B%25281490-1576%2529%2BTitian%2527s%2BDaughter%2BLavinia.jpg" width="548" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1545 Titian (1490-1576) Titian's Daughter Lavinia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Initially, the springiness &amp;amp; stiffeness of linen made it hold its form better than other fabrics. Linen fabrics like lawn, holland, &amp;amp; cambric were in high demand for ruffs.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ltqr1i4keuk/TzA39tVH-ZI/AAAAAAAA210/sSePBsoy-AM/s1600/1548%2BCatharina%2Bvan%2BHemessen%2B%2528c%2B1528-a%2B1560%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-ltqr1i4keuk/TzA39tVH-ZI/AAAAAAAA210/sSePBsoy-AM/s640/1548%2BCatharina%2Bvan%2BHemessen%2B%2528c%2B1528-a%2B1560%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.bmp" width="425" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1548 Catharina van Hemessen (c 1528-a 1560) Portrait of a Woman &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Ruffs usually were pinned into place &amp;amp; often attached to partlets. The pleat or flute of a ruff was called a Purl &amp;amp; were sometimes edged with fine lace.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xEgd8VFOjd0/TzA4GZgXFoI/AAAAAAAA22A/2IjylxDkUPY/s1600/1550%2BAnthonis%2BMor%2B%25281519%25E2%2580%25931575%2529%2BMaria%2Bof%2BPortugal%2B.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xEgd8VFOjd0/TzA4GZgXFoI/AAAAAAAA22A/2IjylxDkUPY/s400/1550%2BAnthonis%2BMor%2B%25281519%25E2%2580%25931575%2529%2BMaria%2Bof%2BPortugal%2B.bmp" width="285" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1550s Anthonis Mor (1519–1575) Maria of Portugal &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;The partlet bodice covered the chest up to the neck, a female version of the man's doublet. This style, born in Spain, became more &amp;amp; more common in Europe in the 1500s.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lOXMkLu8X6g/TzA4S17OtYI/AAAAAAAA22M/q7O0KEG4II4/s1600/1550s%2BElisabeth%2Bof%2BAustria%2Bin%2Bblack%2Bgown%2Bby%2Bvan%2BStraeten.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lOXMkLu8X6g/TzA4S17OtYI/AAAAAAAA22M/q7O0KEG4II4/s640/1550s%2BElisabeth%2Bof%2BAustria%2Bin%2Bblack%2Bgown%2Bby%2Bvan%2BStraeten.bmp" width="395" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1550s Elisabeth of Austria in black gown by van Straeten&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Younger girls would wear their partlets open in the front, while more modest married women would usually wear theirs closed.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c9xSgyPO3-k/TzA4dZKOy5I/AAAAAAAA22Y/j62QIID1x3Y/s1600/1551%2BCaterina%2Bvan%2BHemessen%2B%2528%2Bc%2B1528-%2B1560%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2Bwith%2Ba%2BDog.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-c9xSgyPO3-k/TzA4dZKOy5I/AAAAAAAA22Y/j62QIID1x3Y/s640/1551%2BCaterina%2Bvan%2BHemessen%2B%2528%2Bc%2B1528-%2B1560%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2Bwith%2Ba%2BDog.bmp" width="489" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1551 Caterina van Hemessen ( c 1528- 1560) Portrait of a Woman with a Dog&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Often, textle laces or strings, sometimes called band strings, were attached to the opening of a ruff which could then be tied together to secure the ruff around the neck.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2u4V70-O2lM/TzA4mov4wJI/AAAAAAAA22k/BsfpGJZvomE/s1600/1550%2BGerman%2Bartist%252C%2BA%2BLady.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2u4V70-O2lM/TzA4mov4wJI/AAAAAAAA22k/BsfpGJZvomE/s640/1550%2BGerman%2Bartist%252C%2BA%2BLady.jpg" width="468" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1550s Unknown German artist, A Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;In the early years of the ruff, the art of starching, though at that time well known to the manufacturers of Flanders, was not yet in wide use in England. Starch was already in use for fine linens &amp;amp; laces; but in the 1500s, starchmaking became more organised and commercial in Northern Europe. Flanders, home of the famous Flemish lace, was one of the earliest centres of starch manufacturing &amp;amp; skilful use. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-X5D6HzJDLXE/TzDQv_eU_EI/AAAAAAAA3Eo/o8f_NkOCmbI/s1600/1560%2BElisabeth%2Bde%2BValois%2Bby%2BAlonso%2BS%25C3%25A1nchez%2BCoello%2B%2528Spanish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1532%25E2%2580%25931588%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-X5D6HzJDLXE/TzDQv_eU_EI/AAAAAAAA3Eo/o8f_NkOCmbI/s640/1560%2BElisabeth%2Bde%2BValois%2Bby%2BAlonso%2BS%25C3%25A1nchez%2BCoello%2B%2528Spanish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1532%25E2%2580%25931588%2529.jpg" width="342" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560 Elisabeth de Valois by Alonso Sánchez Coello (Spanish painter, 1532–1588)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The use of starch allowed ruffs to be made wider without losing their shape. The art of starching ruffs, imported from the continent into England, became hightly sought-after. Philip Stubbes describes "starching houses", where ruffs were washed, starched, &amp;amp; set into shape with "putting sticks,", conical irons heated in coals &amp;amp; applied to the ruff. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9e784IH6zM0/TzA5JrlByJI/AAAAAAAA22w/gOtSfWhSXNE/s1600/1550s%2BGabrielle%2Bd%2527Estr%25C3%25A9es%2Bby%2Bunknown.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9e784IH6zM0/TzA5JrlByJI/AAAAAAAA22w/gOtSfWhSXNE/s640/1550s%2BGabrielle%2Bd%2527Estr%25C3%25A9es%2Bby%2Bunknown.bmp" width="489" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Unknown artist, 1550s Gabrielle d'Estrées &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Clear-starching involved preparing transparent starch mixtures &amp;amp; knowing how to use them. Clear-starching allowed keeping delicate muslin &amp;amp; similar fabrics from being clogged with starch granules in the loose weave, thereby avoiding thickening caused by visible traces of starch clinging to the threads. The technique was popularized in England by Madame Dinghen van der Plasse who came with her husband to London from Flanders "for their better safeties," escaping from the bonfires of the Duke of Alva; &amp;amp; making a fortune by clear-starching English ruffs. She took pupils, &amp;amp; was much patronized by the court dandies of the time: but religious conservatives looked on the lady as something worse than a witch, &amp;amp; calling her clearstarch mixture the "devil's broth."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-x8Dl3uZhRJI/TzA5VnKWFGI/AAAAAAAA228/eY18gS_6wmo/s1600/1550s%2BIsabel%2BValois%2Bby%2BAlonso%2BS%25C3%25A1nchez%2BCoello%2B.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-x8Dl3uZhRJI/TzA5VnKWFGI/AAAAAAAA228/eY18gS_6wmo/s640/1550s%2BIsabel%2BValois%2Bby%2BAlonso%2BS%25C3%25A1nchez%2BCoello%2B.bmp" width="560" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1550s Isabel Valois by Alonso Sánchez Coello &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;A&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;s soon as clear starching arrived in London, an observer reported that "The most curious wives now made for themselves ruffs of cambric, &amp;amp; sent them to Mrs Dinghen to be starched, who charged high prices; after a time made themselves ruffs of lawn; &amp;amp; thereupon arose a general scoff or by-word that shortly they would make their ruffs of spiders' web. Mrs Dinghen at last took their daughters as her pupils; her usual terms were four or five pounds for teaching them to starch, &amp;amp; one pound for the art of seething starch."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VybVaZFTD34/TzA5eHXHfOI/AAAAAAAA23I/BKtfKReu2uM/s1600/1551%2BPieter%2BPourbus%2B%2528%2Bc%2B1524-1584%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BJacquemyne%2BBuuck.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-VybVaZFTD34/TzA5eHXHfOI/AAAAAAAA23I/BKtfKReu2uM/s640/1551%2BPieter%2BPourbus%2B%2528%2Bc%2B1524-1584%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BJacquemyne%2BBuuck.jpg" width="456" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1551 Pieter Pourbus ( c 1524-1584) Portrait of Jacquemyne Buuck&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;London Puritan Philip Stubbes described the starch &amp;amp; props needed to maintain these ruffs, which he clearly believed were the work of Satan himself. "The devil, as he in the fulnes of his malice, first invented these great ruffes, so hath hee now found out also two great stayes to beare up &amp;amp; maintaine that his kingdome of great ruffs : the one archor piller wherby his kingdome of great ruffes is underpropped, is a certaine kinde of liquide matter which they call Starch, wherin the devill hath willed them to wash &amp;amp; dive his ruffes wel, which when they be dry, wil then stand stiffe &amp;amp; inflexible about their necks. The other piller is a certain device made of wyers, crested for the purpose, whipped over either with gold, thred, silver or silk, &amp;amp; this hee calleth a supportasse, or underpropper. This is to be applyed round about their necks under the ruffe, upon the out side of the band, to beare up the whole frame &amp;amp; body of the ruffe from falling &amp;amp; hanging down...So few have them, as almost none is without them; for every one, how meane or simple soever they bee otherwise, will have of them three or foure apeece forsayling."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CmOCmsYmlMo/TzA8xznpfaI/AAAAAAAA25A/anYH6eQKl7M/s1600/1552%2BMargaret%252C%2BDuchess%2Bof%2BParma%2Bby%2BAnthonis%2BMor.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-CmOCmsYmlMo/TzA8xznpfaI/AAAAAAAA25A/anYH6eQKl7M/s640/1552%2BMargaret%252C%2BDuchess%2Bof%2BParma%2Bby%2BAnthonis%2BMor.jpg" width="457" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1552 Margaret, Duchess of Parma by Anthonis Mor &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;As the decades passes, the round ruff fastened by strings often was replaced by an arched ruff open at the front.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KoUKYBeJIXg/TzB1xt8tfyI/AAAAAAAA3Bo/TdWkZLh5L98/s1600/1554%2BMary%2BTudor.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KoUKYBeJIXg/TzB1xt8tfyI/AAAAAAAA3Bo/TdWkZLh5L98/s640/1554%2BMary%2BTudor.jpg" width="577" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1554 Anthonis Mor ((1519-1575) Detial Queen Mary Tudor of England &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;When the detachable ruff came into its own; these large, stiffened accessories were more easily cared for &amp;amp; maintained without a partlet or smock attached to them&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VjrKWdy8ueI/TzA6HqDK7LI/AAAAAAAA23s/qx2uosmRRVk/s1600/1557%2BAlonso%2BSanchez%2BCoello%2B%25281532-1588%2529%2BInfanta%2BJuana%2Bof%2BSpain%2B2.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-VjrKWdy8ueI/TzA6HqDK7LI/AAAAAAAA23s/qx2uosmRRVk/s640/1557%2BAlonso%2BSanchez%2BCoello%2B%25281532-1588%2529%2BInfanta%2BJuana%2Bof%2BSpain%2B2.bmp" width="508" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1557 Alonso Sanchez Coello (1532-1588) Infanta Juana of Spain &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Later, most ruffs were separate garments that could be washed, starched, &amp;amp; set into elaborate figure-of-eight folds by the use of heated cone-shaped goffering irons. The tools used in starching ruffs were called settingsticks, struts, &amp;amp; poking-sticks; the first two were made of wood or bone, the last of iron which was heated in the fire.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SWSjTvEpw8k/TzA6QWLjc-I/AAAAAAAA234/fBxVn2Qo4mE/s1600/1557%2BAnonymous%2Bartist%252C%2BPhilippineWelser.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-SWSjTvEpw8k/TzA6QWLjc-I/AAAAAAAA234/fBxVn2Qo4mE/s640/1557%2BAnonymous%2Bartist%252C%2BPhilippineWelser.bmp" width="408" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1557 Anonymous artist, Philippine Welser &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Detachable ruffs did present a few problems, especially after a night of celebrating.  The following advertisement appeared in the &lt;em&gt;Merrurius Publicum&lt;/em&gt; of May 8, 1662,  "A cambric whisk...quarter of a yard broad, &amp;amp; a lace turning up about an inch broad, with a stock in the neck, &amp;amp; strap hangers down before, was lost between the New Palace &amp;amp; Whitehall."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8gV_2mqfpKc/TzA6aPvDrdI/AAAAAAAA24E/OcKSOJLbH4c/s1600/1557%2BHans%2BEworth%2B%2528c%2B1520-1574%2529%2BUnknown%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-8gV_2mqfpKc/TzA6aPvDrdI/AAAAAAAA24E/OcKSOJLbH4c/s640/1557%2BHans%2BEworth%2B%2528c%2B1520-1574%2529%2BUnknown%2BWoman.jpg" width="505" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1557 Hans Eworth (c 1520-1574) Unknown Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;When English ruffs grew to enormous size, he who had the deepest ruff &amp;amp; the longest rapier was held to be the greatest gallant. Queen Elizabeth issued a proclamation against such excess, &amp;amp; selected grave citizens were placed at every gate of London to cut the ruffs &amp;amp; to break the rapierpoints of all that exceeded a yard's length in their rapier, or a "nail of a yard'" in the depth of their ruffs.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JwfTI5U7FKE/TzOtCPQ8n0I/AAAAAAAA3TE/rsf4PVug67I/s1600/MARGARET%2BRADCLIFFE%2B%2528January%2B1573-November%2B10%252C%2B1599%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-JwfTI5U7FKE/TzOtCPQ8n0I/AAAAAAAA3TE/rsf4PVug67I/s640/MARGARET%2BRADCLIFFE%2B%2528January%2B1573-November%2B10%252C%2B1599%2529.jpg" width="452" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Margaret Radcliffe (1573-1599)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;By 1579, ruffs had grown prodigiously in England. Ladies took to them with a fervor &amp;amp; would not be outdone by the ruffs of the men. It is said of the Reine Margot that, when seated at dinner, she was obliged to have a spoon with a handle two feet long for the purpose of passing her soup over her ruff, &amp;amp; preserving it rigid &amp;amp; immaculate.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-48z1_aFjal8/TzA7d56doEI/AAAAAAAA24c/fPDqMOmyUoc/s1600/1560%2BElizabeth%2BFitzgerald%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BLincoln%252C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-48z1_aFjal8/TzA7d56doEI/AAAAAAAA24c/fPDqMOmyUoc/s640/1560%2BElizabeth%2BFitzgerald%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BLincoln%252C.jpg" width="473" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560 Elizabeth Fitzgerald, Countess of Lincoln &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;English Puritan Philip Stubbes fretted that mere linen was not good enough for some ruffs, &amp;amp; as bigger &amp;amp; bigger ruffs became the style, all the money spent on these collars could ruin the fortunes of Englands families.  "And as though Cambrick, Holland, Lawne, &amp;amp; the finest cloth that mayebee got any where for money, were not good inough, they have them wrought allover with silke  woorke, &amp;amp; peradventure laced with golde &amp;amp; silver, or other costly lace of no small price. And whether they have Argente to mayntaine this geare withall, or not, it forceth not much, for they will have it by one meane or another, or else they will eyther sell or morgage their Landes (as they have goodstore) on Suters hill &amp;amp; Stangate hole, with losse of their lives at Tiburne in a rope.&amp;amp; in sure token thereof, they have now newly found out a more monstrous kind of ruffe of xii, yea, xvi lengthes a peece, set 3 or 4 times double, &amp;amp; is ofsome, fitlie called: "Three steppes &amp;amp; a halfe to the Gallowes."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6welUIGKBZg/TzA7vZTSGSI/AAAAAAAA24o/pbAypwaRVeo/s1600/1560%2BUnknown%2BLady%252C%2Bformerly%2Bidentified%2Bas%2BMary%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots%2Bby%2Ban%2BUnknown%2BArtist%252C%2Bc.1560.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6welUIGKBZg/TzA7vZTSGSI/AAAAAAAA24o/pbAypwaRVeo/s640/1560%2BUnknown%2BLady%252C%2Bformerly%2Bidentified%2Bas%2BMary%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots%2Bby%2Ban%2BUnknown%2BArtist%252C%2Bc.1560.bmp" width="457" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560s Unknown Lady, formerly identified as Mary Queen of Scots by an Unknown Artist&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Reflecting the popularity of starch in England, the state papers of the reign of Elizabeth, grant the monopoly of the manufacture of starch to one Richard Young, described as a justice, about the year 1688. In December 1689, there was a prosecution against an infringer on the patent. The subject of this was "Charles Glead, gentleman, now resident in Kent, found &amp;amp; proved a maker of starch at one Mr Draper's, a gentleman in Bedenwell in the said comity." Mr Glead, it appears, did not attempt to deny the allegations against him, but confessed that he had also made starch "at his father's in Oxfordshire." Indeed, he had the hardihood to declare to the queen's messengers that he would make starch notwithstanding any patent or other warrant yet granted, unless it was set down by act of parliament.  Another instance of starch patent infrigement occured about the year 1600, when the authorities descended upon the house of Osmund Withers of Taunton, who was charged with a like infringement.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qfR2atrE7WI/TzA77QOIb1I/AAAAAAAA240/kiMiYVQv7fE/s1600/1560s%2BArchduchess%2BMagdalena%2Bby%2BJakob%2BSeisenegger.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-qfR2atrE7WI/TzA77QOIb1I/AAAAAAAA240/kiMiYVQv7fE/s640/1560s%2BArchduchess%2BMagdalena%2Bby%2BJakob%2BSeisenegger.bmp" width="568" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560s Archduchess Magdalena by Jakob Seisenegger&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Ruffs, or ruffled collars, framed the face &amp;amp; dictated the hairstyles of the age which were generally short for men &amp;amp; swept up for women.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Qe-IMb4dUZI/TzA9zaNwSVI/AAAAAAAA25M/rwrEzzZXnos/s1600/1560s%2BJane%2BDormer%252C%2BDuchess%2Bof%2BFeria%2Bby%2BMor.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Qe-IMb4dUZI/TzA9zaNwSVI/AAAAAAAA25M/rwrEzzZXnos/s640/1560s%2BJane%2BDormer%252C%2BDuchess%2Bof%2BFeria%2Bby%2BMor.bmp" width="518" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560s Jane Dormer, Duchess of Feria by Mor&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Ruffs or ruffles were sometimes added to the cuffs of sleeves. Pleated cuffs in a style matching the ruff were also found on shirts, partlets, &amp;amp; some high-necked smocks.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0i5cKe78S9g/TzA98RTy_pI/AAAAAAAA25Y/WBo1prW_3_0/s1600/1560%2BGiovanni%2BBattista%2BMoroni%2B%2528Late%2BItalian%2BRenaissance%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1520%25E2%2580%25931578%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2Bwith%2Ba%2BBook.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-0i5cKe78S9g/TzA98RTy_pI/AAAAAAAA25Y/WBo1prW_3_0/s640/1560%2BGiovanni%2BBattista%2BMoroni%2B%2528Late%2BItalian%2BRenaissance%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1520%25E2%2580%25931578%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2Bwith%2Ba%2BBook.JPG" width="515" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560s Giovanni Battista Moroni (Late Italian Renaissance painter, c 1520–1578) Portrait of a Woman with a Book &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;As ruffs began to grow in width &amp;amp; because lace came in narrow strips, several needed to be sewn together to form the 9 or so inches it might take to make a large ruff.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-RgeWLX4_P_M/TzA-FYCkSZI/AAAAAAAA25k/zeUL_d9FONg/s1600/1560s%2BMargaret%2BRussell%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BCumberland.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-RgeWLX4_P_M/TzA-FYCkSZI/AAAAAAAA25k/zeUL_d9FONg/s640/1560s%2BMargaret%2BRussell%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BCumberland.jpg" width="494" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560s Margaret Russell 1560-1616, Countess of Cumberland Artist Unknown&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Most ruffs were white, because lace was expensive &amp;amp; if it was dyed it might not be able to be washed successfully so that it could be used again.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Hd2DgzA1nG8/TzA-PKAZMFI/AAAAAAAA25w/EXcDP5FTuQE/s1600/1562%2BHans%2BEworth%2BMargaret%2BAudley%252C%2BDuchess%2Bof%2BNorfolk%2Bwears%2Bthe%2Bhigh-collared%2Bgown.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Hd2DgzA1nG8/TzA-PKAZMFI/AAAAAAAA25w/EXcDP5FTuQE/s640/1562%2BHans%2BEworth%2BMargaret%2BAudley%252C%2BDuchess%2Bof%2BNorfolk%2Bwears%2Bthe%2Bhigh-collared%2Bgown.jpg" width="491" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1562 Hans Eworth Margaret Audley 1539-1564, Duchess of Norfolk &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;But among the upper classes who were less concern about cost, ruffs were colored by adding water soluable color to the starch used to stiffen the ruffs.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1dL8nPoB5vI/TzA-eyDWoWI/AAAAAAAA258/mHP8-zk1X6s/s1600/1564%2BSisters%2BErmengard%2Band%2BWalburg%2Bvon%2BRietberg.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="270" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-1dL8nPoB5vI/TzA-eyDWoWI/AAAAAAAA258/mHP8-zk1X6s/s400/1564%2BSisters%2BErmengard%2Band%2BWalburg%2Bvon%2BRietberg.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1564 Sisters Ermengard and Walburg von Rietberg&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Ruffs were often colored during starching process, vegetable dyes were used to give the ruff a yellow, pink or mauve tint.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Sf9CIqMa1YY/TzA-n_d56DI/AAAAAAAA26I/0hVDW4cPReo/s1600/1565%2BLady%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2BWentworth%2BFamily%2Bby%2BHans%2BEworth.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Sf9CIqMa1YY/TzA-n_d56DI/AAAAAAAA26I/0hVDW4cPReo/s640/1565%2BLady%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2BWentworth%2BFamily%2Bby%2BHans%2BEworth.png" width="392" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1565 Margaret Clifford, Countess of Derby, or A Lady of the Wentworth Family,&amp;nbsp;by Hans Eworth&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;A pale blue color could also be obtained via the use of smalt, though Queen Elizabeth I issued a Royal Prerogative, "Her Majesty's pleasure is that no blue starch shall be used or worn by any of her Majesty's subjects, since blue was the color of the flag of Scotland."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e82_46-o8-Q/TzA-ye8EbAI/AAAAAAAA26U/9dknI9IZGYU/s1600/1566%2BLady%2BJean%2BGordon%252C%2Bfirst%2Bwife%2Bof%2Bthe%2BEarl%2Bof%2BBothwell%2Bby%2Ban%2Bartist%2Bof%2Bthe%2BNethlandish%2BSchool.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="398" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-e82_46-o8-Q/TzA-ye8EbAI/AAAAAAAA26U/9dknI9IZGYU/s400/1566%2BLady%2BJean%2BGordon%252C%2Bfirst%2Bwife%2Bof%2Bthe%2BEarl%2Bof%2BBothwell%2Bby%2Ban%2Bartist%2Bof%2Bthe%2BNethlandish%2BSchool.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1566 Lady Jean Gordon, first wife of the Earl of Bothwell by an artist of the Nethlandish School&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Stubbes wrote of how they added color to their ruffs, "And this starch they make of divers substances — of all collours &amp;amp; hues, as white, redde, blewe, purple, &amp;amp; the like."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-B-GrrTnKz2A/TzBAHZBAKsI/AAAAAAAA27Q/Rgp0G5Xb2-M/s1600/1569s%2BIsabel%2Bde%2BValois%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BSpain%2Bin%2Bsevere%2BSpanish%2Bfashion%2Bof%2Bthe%2B1560s.%2BHer%2Bhigh-necked%2Bblack%2Bgown.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-B-GrrTnKz2A/TzBAHZBAKsI/AAAAAAAA27Q/Rgp0G5Xb2-M/s640/1569s%2BIsabel%2Bde%2BValois%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BSpain%2Bin%2Bsevere%2BSpanish%2Bfashion%2Bof%2Bthe%2B1560s.%2BHer%2Bhigh-necked%2Bblack%2Bgown.jpg" width="441" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;c 1569 Isabel de Valois, Queen of Spain&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;As travel &amp;amp; communication increased throughout the latter half of the century, fashion became more easily adopted across the continent.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TBDHbJysNy4/TzA_DptGSPI/AAAAAAAA26s/ZrQsEZ0wh3w/s1600/1568%2B-%2BElisabeth%2Bde%2BValois..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TBDHbJysNy4/TzA_DptGSPI/AAAAAAAA26s/ZrQsEZ0wh3w/s640/1568%2B-%2BElisabeth%2Bde%2BValois..jpg" width="480" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1568 Portrait of Elisabeth de Valois.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;By the 1550s, the ruffles were still quite small &amp;amp; usually box-pleated, but layers of ruffling were stacked on each other for a thicker, fuller ruff. These ruffs were full at the sides &amp;amp; back of the head, and then tapered down, as they reached the front.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-N17uLnLOwE8/TzA_NyvbEGI/AAAAAAAA264/Nt-eadprKVA/s1600/1568%2BAdriaen%2Bvan%2BCronenburgh%2B%25281520%25E2%2580%25931604%2529%2BKatheryn%2Bof%2BBerain%252C%2Bthe%2BMother%2Bof%2BWales%2B%25281535-1591%2529.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-N17uLnLOwE8/TzA_NyvbEGI/AAAAAAAA264/Nt-eadprKVA/s640/1568%2BAdriaen%2Bvan%2BCronenburgh%2B%25281520%25E2%2580%25931604%2529%2BKatheryn%2Bof%2BBerain%252C%2Bthe%2BMother%2Bof%2BWales%2B%25281535-1591%2529.bmp" width="446" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1568 Adriaen van Cronenburgh (1520–1604) Katheryn of Berain, the Mother of Wales 1535-1591&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Ruffs of the 1550s &amp;amp; 1560s were decorated primarily along the edges, with black, gold, silver, or other contrasting embroidery. Some ruff edges were even decorated with spangles.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TBBzJwjtpMk/TzA_aEgMAVI/AAAAAAAA27E/LVtctPgHHYU/s1600/1569%2BPerhaps%2BLady%2BHelena%2BSnakeborg%252C%2BMarchioness%2Bof%2BNorthampton%2Bby%2Ban%2Bartist%2Bof%2Bthe%2BBritish%2BSchool.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TBBzJwjtpMk/TzA_aEgMAVI/AAAAAAAA27E/LVtctPgHHYU/s640/1569%2BPerhaps%2BLady%2BHelena%2BSnakeborg%252C%2BMarchioness%2Bof%2BNorthampton%2Bby%2Ban%2Bartist%2Bof%2Bthe%2BBritish%2BSchool.bmp" width="478" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1569 Perhaps Lady Helena Snakeborg, Marchioness of Northampton by an artist of the British School&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;In 1583, Puritan Philip Stubbes wrote of the perils of wearing a ruff out in wind &amp;amp; rain.  "But if Aeolus with his blasts, or Neptune with his stormes chaunce to hit uppon the crafie bark of their brused ruffes, then they goe flip flap in the winde, like rags flying abroad, &amp;amp; lye upon their shoulders like the dishcloute of a slut."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TO4uRJfC184/TzBBy-haGvI/AAAAAAAA27c/Mydg8NvPN90/s1600/1570%2BClelia%2BFarnese%2Bby%2BJacopo%2BZucchi%2Bor%2BAntonio%2BZucchi%2B%25281726-1795%2529.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TO4uRJfC184/TzBBy-haGvI/AAAAAAAA27c/Mydg8NvPN90/s640/1570%2BClelia%2BFarnese%2Bby%2BJacopo%2BZucchi%2Bor%2BAntonio%2BZucchi%2B%25281726-1795%2529.bmp" width="483" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1570 Clelia Farnese by Jacopo Zucchi or Antonio Zucchi (1726-1795)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Queen Elizabeth's ease with foreign languages &amp;amp; love of more exotic foreign styles of dress played no small part in the adoption of new styles in England.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uK_kPNbgkpI/TzBB8gyxvSI/AAAAAAAA27o/6VDXiVbtPcg/s1600/1570%2BLettice%2BKnollys%252C%2Bsecond%2Bwife%2Bof%2BRobert%2BDudley%252C%2B%2BLettice%2BKnollys%252C%2Battr%2BGeorge%2BGower%2B1540-1596.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uK_kPNbgkpI/TzBB8gyxvSI/AAAAAAAA27o/6VDXiVbtPcg/s640/1570%2BLettice%2BKnollys%252C%2Bsecond%2Bwife%2Bof%2BRobert%2BDudley%252C%2B%2BLettice%2BKnollys%252C%2Battr%2BGeorge%2BGower%2B1540-1596.bmp" width="468" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1570 Lettice Knollys, second wife of Robert Dudley,  Lettice Knollys, attr George Gower 1540-1596&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Queen Elizabeth's ruffs were made of the finest lace cut-work, enriched with gold, silver, &amp;amp; precious stones. She used up endless yards of cut-work, purle, needlework lace, bone lace (tatting) of gold, of silver, enriched with pearls, &amp;amp; bugles &amp;amp; spangles, placed in the fabrication of her three-piled ruff.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oi70Ci29Wkw/TzBCHb8nTkI/AAAAAAAA270/UbfxTB36M-Q/s1600/1571%2Bc%2BElisabeth%2Bof%2BAustria%2Bby%2Bfollower%2Bof%2BClouet.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-oi70Ci29Wkw/TzBCHb8nTkI/AAAAAAAA270/UbfxTB36M-Q/s640/1571%2Bc%2BElisabeth%2Bof%2BAustria%2Bby%2Bfollower%2Bof%2BClouet.jpg" width="473" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1571 c Elisabeth of Austria by follower of Clouet &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;In 1583, Puritan Philip Stubbes wrote of the decorated, ostentatious women's ruffs, "Then, last of all, they are either clogged with golde, silver, or silk lace of stately price, wrought all over with needle woork, speckled &amp;amp; sparkled heer &amp;amp; there with the sonne, the moone, the starres, &amp;amp; many other antiquities straunge to beholde...Some are wrought with open woork down to the midst of the ruffe &amp;amp; further, some with purled lace so cloyd, &amp;amp; other gewgawes so pestered, as the ruffe is the least parte of it self."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OTbg4zUXuZw/TzBCQbaaGYI/AAAAAAAA28A/s5fmdgrO2qo/s1600/1571%2BElizabeth%2Bof%2BAustria%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BFrance%2Bby%2BFrancois%2BClouet.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-OTbg4zUXuZw/TzBCQbaaGYI/AAAAAAAA28A/s5fmdgrO2qo/s640/1571%2BElizabeth%2Bof%2BAustria%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BFrance%2Bby%2BFrancois%2BClouet.bmp" width="446" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1571 Elizabeth of Austria, Queen of France by Francois Clouet&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;In 1583, Puritan Philip Stubbes also wrote of Queen Elizabeth's ruff, "It was profusely laced, plaited, &amp;amp; apparently divergent from a centre on the back of her neck; it was very broad, extending on each side of her face, with the extremities reposing on her bosom, from which rose two wings of lawn, edged with jewels, stiffened with wire, &amp;amp; reaching to the top of her hair, which was moulded into the shape of a cushion, &amp;amp; richly covered with gems."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8a7AbyEfXJo/TzBCaEMpV_I/AAAAAAAA28M/6mlHXxCS1Zk/s1600/1573%2BMary%2BDenton%2Battributed%2Bto%2BGeorge%2BGower.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8a7AbyEfXJo/TzBCaEMpV_I/AAAAAAAA28M/6mlHXxCS1Zk/s640/1573%2BMary%2BDenton%2Battributed%2Bto%2BGeorge%2BGower.jpg" width="508" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1573 Mary Denton attributed to George Gower&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;By the end of the 1500's ruffs were almost entirely of lace made of both needle &amp;amp; bobbin type lace.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-G8_mPPKEcrs/TzBCiYGRVII/AAAAAAAA28Y/Trzh9J9vytI/s1600/1574%2BGabrielle%2Bde%2BRochechouart%2Bby%2BCorneille%2Bde%2BLyon.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-G8_mPPKEcrs/TzBCiYGRVII/AAAAAAAA28Y/Trzh9J9vytI/s640/1574%2BGabrielle%2Bde%2BRochechouart%2Bby%2BCorneille%2Bde%2BLyon.jpg" width="537" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1574 Gabrielle de Rochechouart by Corneille de Lyon&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;The chief utensil for keeping ruffs in order was the "poking-stick of steel." By the aid of the poking-stick heated in the fire the folds of even the most decorated ruffs were ironed into the precise symmetry so admired in the 1500s.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cKi03hvKBYw/TzBCut8i3QI/AAAAAAAA28k/zDGdzcm_Vjo/s1600/1575%2Bc%2BElizabeth%2BFitzGerald%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BLincoln%2B.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cKi03hvKBYw/TzBCut8i3QI/AAAAAAAA28k/zDGdzcm_Vjo/s640/1575%2Bc%2BElizabeth%2BFitzGerald%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BLincoln%2B.bmp" width="473" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1575 c Elizabeth FitzGerald, Countess of Lincoln  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Under the stiffening care of starch &amp;amp; poking-sticks the ruff expanded to the width of "a quarter of a yard." This vast structure of gauze was called in England "the French ruff." This style ruff was called in London the French fashion. But when Englishmen came to Paris, the French knew it not, &amp;amp;, in derision, called it the English monster.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3br3q46HjqM/TzBC83r7OVI/AAAAAAAA28w/7_cclUNH_cc/s1600/1578%2BAlice%2BBrandon%2Bby%2BNicholas%2BHilliard%2B.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3br3q46HjqM/TzBC83r7OVI/AAAAAAAA28w/7_cclUNH_cc/s400/1578%2BAlice%2BBrandon%2Bby%2BNicholas%2BHilliard%2B.bmp" width="330" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1578 Alice Brandon (1556-b 1608) wife of artist Nicholas Hilliard (1547-1618) who painted this miniature &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Matching shoulder-ruffs were popular in Venice, from the 1570s.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mu3ItF2juXc/TzBDHne4mfI/AAAAAAAA288/rV3apHjKU08/s1600/1578%2BLady%2BPhilippa%2BConingsby%2Bby%2BGeorge%2BGower.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mu3ItF2juXc/TzBDHne4mfI/AAAAAAAA288/rV3apHjKU08/s640/1578%2BLady%2BPhilippa%2BConingsby%2Bby%2BGeorge%2BGower.bmp" width="473" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1578 Lady Philippa Conings by George Gower&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;In the 1580s, ruffs generally began to expand even further outward. They became slightly flatter, no longer filling the space from shoulder to neck; instead, the figure-eights became wider &amp;amp; flatter &amp;amp; the ruff itself became wider in diameter.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6PIv2Nem48Q/TzBDf7I_G8I/AAAAAAAA29I/NslzakZvdY8/s1600/1578%2BMary%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots%2Bafter%2BNicholas%2BHilliard.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6PIv2Nem48Q/TzBDf7I_G8I/AAAAAAAA29I/NslzakZvdY8/s640/1578%2BMary%252C%2BQueen%2Bof%2BScots%2Bafter%2BNicholas%2BHilliard.jpg" width="609" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1578 Mary, Queen of Scots after Nicholas Hilliard&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;In 1583, Puritan Philip Stubbes described the size &amp;amp; textiles used in ruffs. "They have great &amp;amp; monsterous ruffes, made either of Camericke, Holland, Lawne, or els of some other the finest cloth that can be got for money, whereof some be a quarter of a yard deep, yea, some more, very few lesse; So that they stand a full quarter of a yarde (&amp;amp; more) from their necks, hanging over their shoulder poynts, instead of a vaile."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MlCASy6vlgg/TzBDrG0KEuI/AAAAAAAA29U/6TnSYna1N6w/s1600/1578%2BUnknown%2BLady%2Bby%2BNicholas%2BHilliard..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MlCASy6vlgg/TzBDrG0KEuI/AAAAAAAA29U/6TnSYna1N6w/s400/1578%2BUnknown%2BLady%2Bby%2BNicholas%2BHilliard..jpg" width="292" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1578 Unknown Lady by Nicholas Hilliard&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;At their most extreme, ruffs were a foot or more wide. These cartwheel ruffs required a wire frame called a supportasse or underpropper to hold them at a fashionable angle.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7bGZRt71UY8/TzBDzzQVcSI/AAAAAAAA29g/30-Gzv_M_IU/s1600/1578%2BUnknown%2BLady%2Bby%2BNicholas%2BHilliard.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-7bGZRt71UY8/TzBDzzQVcSI/AAAAAAAA29g/30-Gzv_M_IU/s400/1578%2BUnknown%2BLady%2Bby%2BNicholas%2BHilliard.jpg" width="336" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1578 Unknown Lady by Nicholas Hilliard&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;These supportasses could be wire frames worn around the neck or cardboard covered in linen. They often had points or holes with which to lace them into a doublet or bodice neck.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-z4s1iM0I5Ac/TzBJqmeW_4I/AAAAAAAA2_w/vjRdN4dMWlE/s1600/1597%2BFrances%252C%2BLady%2BReynell%2Bby%2BRobert%2BPeake.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-z4s1iM0I5Ac/TzBJqmeW_4I/AAAAAAAA2_w/vjRdN4dMWlE/s640/1597%2BFrances%252C%2BLady%2BReynell%2Bby%2BRobert%2BPeake.bmp" width="489" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1597 Frances Aylworth c 1556-1605, Lady Reynell by Robert Peake&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;In 1583, Puritan Philip Stubbes wrote of women's ruffs ,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;"The women use great ruffes, &amp;amp; neckerchers of holland, lawne, camerick, &amp;amp; such cloth, as the greatest thred shall not be so bigge as the leasthaire that is: then, least they should fall down, they are smeared &amp;amp; starched in the devils liquore, I meane Starch: after that, dryed with great diligence, streaked,patted &amp;amp; rubbed very nicely, &amp;amp; so applyed to their goodly necks, &amp;amp;, withall, underpropped with supportasses (as I tolde you before) the stately arches of pride: beyond all this they have a further fetch, nothing inferiour to the rest; as, namely, three or foure degrees of minor ruffes, placed gradatim, step by step, one beneath the other, &amp;amp; all under the Maister devil ruffe. The skyrts, then, of these great ruffes are long &amp;amp; wide every way, pleted &amp;amp; crested ful curiously, Godwot."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FtfSYnJck2E/TzMnm6OVQWI/AAAAAAAA3Ss/0LRa9fL9lXo/s1600/Mary%2BRogers%252C%2BLady%2BHarington%2Bc%2B1585-1590%2BUnknown%2BEnglish%2Bartist..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-FtfSYnJck2E/TzMnm6OVQWI/AAAAAAAA3Ss/0LRa9fL9lXo/s640/Mary%2BRogers%252C%2BLady%2BHarington%2Bc%2B1585-1590%2BUnknown%2BEnglish%2Bartist..jpg" width="532" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Mary Rogers, Lady Harington c 1585-1590 Unknown English artist.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;It was not only the Puritans who took exception to the ruff. John King (1559-1621), Bishop of London, said from his pulpit: "Fashion brought in deep ruffs &amp;amp; shallow ruffs, thick ruffs &amp;amp; thin ruffs, double ruffs &amp;amp; no ruffs. When God shall come to judge the quick &amp;amp; the dead, he will not know those who have so defaced the fashion he hath erected."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yMS1kCxQo40/TzBEjSYSp1I/AAAAAAAA2-E/afxZpYztVP4/s1600/1585%2BLettice%2BKnollys%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BLeicester%2Battributed%2Bto%2BGeorge%2BGower%2B%2528The%2BMarquess%2Bof%2BBath%2529.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-yMS1kCxQo40/TzBEjSYSp1I/AAAAAAAA2-E/afxZpYztVP4/s640/1585%2BLettice%2BKnollys%252C%2BCountess%2Bof%2BLeicester%2Battributed%2Bto%2BGeorge%2BGower%2B%2528The%2BMarquess%2Bof%2BBath%2529.bmp" width="468" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1585 Lettice Knollys, Countess of Leicester attributed to George Gower (The Marquess of Bath)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;The Reverend Hall, Bishop of Exeter (1574-1656), in a sermon, after having severely censured ruffs, farthingales, feathers, &amp;amp; paint, concluded with these words: "Hear this, ye popinjays of our time; hear this, ye plaster faced Jezabels: God will one day wash them with fire &amp;amp; with brimstone."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TsQ8x9ezULY/TzBFBpU6CGI/AAAAAAAA2-Q/zu2pxnoN3FM/s1600/1585-90%2BUnknown%2BLady%2Bby%2BNicholas%2BHilliard%252C%2Bc.1585-90..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TsQ8x9ezULY/TzBFBpU6CGI/AAAAAAAA2-Q/zu2pxnoN3FM/s400/1585-90%2BUnknown%2BLady%2Bby%2BNicholas%2BHilliard%252C%2Bc.1585-90..jpg" width="336" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1585-90 Unknown Lady by Nicholas Hilliard, c.1585-90&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;During the 1590s, both small &amp;amp; large open falling neck ruffs &amp;amp; larger standing ruffs &amp;amp; more open bodice areas became popular.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-f8kpH91-cmw/TzBFMJj8w1I/AAAAAAAA2-c/D96_90j_fYA/s1600/1595%2BDetail%2Bfrom%2Bportrait%2Bof%2Ban%2Bunknown%2Blady%2BMarcus%2BGheeraerts%2BII..png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-f8kpH91-cmw/TzBFMJj8w1I/AAAAAAAA2-c/D96_90j_fYA/s400/1595%2BDetail%2Bfrom%2Bportrait%2Bof%2Ban%2Bunknown%2Blady%2BMarcus%2BGheeraerts%2BII..png" width="355" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1595 Detail from portrait of an unknown lady Marcus Gheeraerts II.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Toward the end of the 1500s, fashion dictated a more feminine &amp;amp; seductive image for women which was achieved by opening the ruffle in front to expose the neck &amp;amp; the top of the breasts. The ruff was often constructed on gauze wings raised at the back of the head.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xrwZkiwKR4A/TzCE_2IbQ2I/AAAAAAAA3Ds/CP-NwLmWWqo/s1600/1605%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2Battributed%2Bto%2BJohn%2Bde%2BCritz%252C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xrwZkiwKR4A/TzCE_2IbQ2I/AAAAAAAA3Ds/CP-NwLmWWqo/s640/1605%2BAnne%2Bof%2BDenmark%2Battributed%2Bto%2BJohn%2Bde%2BCritz%252C.jpg" width="497" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1605 Anne of Denmark attributed to John de Critz&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;During the 1570s-1620s, the fan shaped ruff with an open neck usually was worn by unmarried women. Philip Stubbes wrote of these women's ruffs,  "Sometimes they are pinned up to their eares, sometimes they are suffered to hang over their shoulders, like windmil sayles fluttering in the winde; &amp;amp; thus every one pleaseth her self with her foolish devices, for as the proverb saith: "everyone thinketh his own wayes best."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-NsDdif3Xllo/TzBFi2uO0yI/AAAAAAAA2-0/D6VotbHdr1I/s1600/1595%2BMary%2BFitton%2Bby%2Ba%2Bfollower%2Bof%2BGeorge%2BGower.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-NsDdif3Xllo/TzBFi2uO0yI/AAAAAAAA2-0/D6VotbHdr1I/s640/1595%2BMary%2BFitton%2Bby%2Ba%2Bfollower%2Bof%2BGeorge%2BGower.bmp" width="390" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1595 Mary Fitton by a follower of George Gower&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;By the end of the sixteenth century, ruffs were falling out of fashion in Western Europe, often in favor of wing collars.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--Ooek4i4JgI/TzBFrjzY7ZI/AAAAAAAA2_A/3E_k6mJQj6k/s1600/1595%2BUnknown%2BLady%2Battributed.%2Bto%2BWilliam%2BSegar.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--Ooek4i4JgI/TzBFrjzY7ZI/AAAAAAAA2_A/3E_k6mJQj6k/s640/1595%2BUnknown%2BLady%2Battributed.%2Bto%2BWilliam%2BSegar.jpg" width="515" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1595 Unknown Lady attributed. to William Segar&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;On the visit of James I (1566-1625) to Cambridge in 1615, the vice-chancellor of the university issued an order prohibiting "the fearful enormity &amp;amp; excess of apparel seen in all degrees, as namely, strange piccadilloes, vast bands, huge cuffs, shoeroses, tufts, locks &amp;amp; tops of hair, unbeseeming that modesty &amp;amp; carriage of students in so renowned a university."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-d_YgxldKxqY/TzB676hsf-I/AAAAAAAA3B0/lPP1SrXSomM/s1600/1600%2BCatherine%2BHenriette%2Bde%2BBalzac%2Bd%2527Entragues.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-d_YgxldKxqY/TzB676hsf-I/AAAAAAAA3B0/lPP1SrXSomM/s640/1600%2BCatherine%2BHenriette%2Bde%2BBalzac%2Bd%2527Entragues.jpg" width="492" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1600 Catherine Henriette de Balzac d'Entragues &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Ceremonial paintings of women of the court in Spain retained the conservative black &amp;amp; white depictions including the ruff during this time. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Northern European women gave up their traditional black &amp;amp; white dress including ruffs more slowly.  The standing ruff survived into the 1620's, but from 1615 to 1640 the falling ruff was more popular.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yzPRxnUoY0o/TzBGIhF-XLI/AAAAAAAA2_Y/m_jjM92kk18/s1600/1602%2BCatalina%2Bde%2Bla%2BCerda%252C%2BDuquesa%2Bde%2BLerma%2BFundacion%2BCasa%2BDucal%2Bde%2BMedinaceli%252C%2BSpain.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-yzPRxnUoY0o/TzBGIhF-XLI/AAAAAAAA2_Y/m_jjM92kk18/s400/1602%2BCatalina%2Bde%2Bla%2BCerda%252C%2BDuquesa%2Bde%2BLerma%2BFundacion%2BCasa%2BDucal%2Bde%2BMedinaceli%252C%2BSpain.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1602 Catalina de la Cerda, Duquesa de Lerma Fundacion Casa Ducal de Medinaceli, Spain&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3XhhewSQ_WQ/TzBMHRb4N7I/AAAAAAAA2_8/fObhSdCdj6w/s1600/1%2BGiovanna%2BGarzoni%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1600-1670%2529%2BMarie%2BChristine%2Bof%2BFrance%252C%2BDuchess%2Bof%2BSavoy%252C%2Bwife%2Bof%2BDuke%2BVictor%2BAmadeus%2BI%252C%2BDuke%2Bof%2BSavoy%252C%2Bdaughter%2Bof%2BKing%2BHenry%2BIV%2Bof%2BFrance%2Band%2BMaria%2Bde%2527%2BMedici.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-3XhhewSQ_WQ/TzBMHRb4N7I/AAAAAAAA2_8/fObhSdCdj6w/s400/1%2BGiovanna%2BGarzoni%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1600-1670%2529%2BMarie%2BChristine%2Bof%2BFrance%252C%2BDuchess%2Bof%2BSavoy%252C%2Bwife%2Bof%2BDuke%2BVictor%2BAmadeus%2BI%252C%2BDuke%2Bof%2BSavoy%252C%2Bdaughter%2Bof%2BKing%2BHenry%2BIV%2Bof%2BFrance%2Band%2BMaria%2Bde%2527%2BMedici.bmp" width="287" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Giovanna Garzoni (Italian artist, 1600-1670) Marie Christine of France, Duchess of Savoy, wife of Duke Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy, daughter of King Henry IV of France and Maria de' Medici&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;The ruff remained as a component of the ceremonial dress of city councillors in North German cities; of certain Lutheran clergy in Denmark, Norway, on the Faeroe Islands, in Iceland, &amp;amp; in Greenland.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-n2Cv3nk9ULg/TzBMR4q_-BI/AAAAAAAA3AI/D2WwEAHhVy0/s1600/1a%2B%2BAttributed%2Bto%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%25281569-1622%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-n2Cv3nk9ULg/TzBMR4q_-BI/AAAAAAAA3AI/D2WwEAHhVy0/s640/1a%2B%2BAttributed%2Bto%2BFrans%2BPourbus%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%25281569-1622%2529.jpg" width="473" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Attributed to Frans Pourbus the Younger (1569-1622)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nfIbGMsNtWg/TzBMal8UpvI/AAAAAAAA3AU/SSIGzRKA09E/s1600/1b%2BMichiel%2BJansz%2Bvan%2BMiereveldt%2B%2528died%2B1641%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%252C%2B1628.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-nfIbGMsNtWg/TzBMal8UpvI/AAAAAAAA3AU/SSIGzRKA09E/s640/1b%2BMichiel%2BJansz%2Bvan%2BMiereveldt%2B%2528died%2B1641%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%252C%2B1628.jpg" width="561" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Michiel Jansz van Miereveldt (died 1641) Portrait of a Woman, 1628&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2VwbB-zXLJE/TzBMiK8rmOI/AAAAAAAA3Ag/Z0b8SdKVynw/s1600/2%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584-1651%2529%2Bn.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-2VwbB-zXLJE/TzBMiK8rmOI/AAAAAAAA3Ag/Z0b8SdKVynw/s640/2%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584-1651%2529%2Bn.jpg" width="526" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Flemish Baroque painter, 1584-1651)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-K5uqi2kkuqg/TzBMwlsCYoI/AAAAAAAA3As/DkVfTqjjKBE/s1600/3%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584-1651%2529%2B%2BTwo%2Bsisters.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="325" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-K5uqi2kkuqg/TzBMwlsCYoI/AAAAAAAA3As/DkVfTqjjKBE/s400/3%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584-1651%2529%2B%2BTwo%2Bsisters.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Flemish Baroque painter, 1584-1651) Two sisters&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uXhlkMrGTDw/TzBM4xXE9PI/AAAAAAAA3A4/iThqzAkh6Xo/s1600/4%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584-1651%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-uXhlkMrGTDw/TzBM4xXE9PI/AAAAAAAA3A4/iThqzAkh6Xo/s400/4%2BCornelis%2Bde%2BVos%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2Bpainter%252C%2B1584-1651%2529.jpg" width="323" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelis de Vos (Flemish Baroque painter, 1584-1651)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gPWSBBeH6UY/TzBNDJ5brkI/AAAAAAAA3BE/RjUXHLwXNMQ/s1600/5%2B1632%2BRembrandt%2BHarmenszoon%2Bvan%2BRijn%2B%25281606-1669%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%252C%2Bprobably%2Ba%2BMember%2Bof%2Bthe%2BVan%2BBeresteyn%2BFamily.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-gPWSBBeH6UY/TzBNDJ5brkI/AAAAAAAA3BE/RjUXHLwXNMQ/s640/5%2B1632%2BRembrandt%2BHarmenszoon%2Bvan%2BRijn%2B%25281606-1669%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%252C%2Bprobably%2Ba%2BMember%2Bof%2Bthe%2BVan%2BBeresteyn%2BFamily.bmp" width="508" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1632 Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606-1669) Portrait of a Woman, probably a Member of the Van Beresteyn Family&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-0rcm8o-vPVg/TzB9Me6M2oI/AAAAAAAA3CY/j2JWmxfgpFo/s1600/7%2BIn%2Bstyle%2BJohannes%2BCornelisz%2BVerspronck%2B%25281606-1662%2529%2BLady%2Bwith%2Ba%2BRuff.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-0rcm8o-vPVg/TzB9Me6M2oI/AAAAAAAA3CY/j2JWmxfgpFo/s640/7%2BIn%2Bstyle%2BJohannes%2BCornelisz%2BVerspronck%2B%25281606-1662%2529%2BLady%2Bwith%2Ba%2BRuff.jpg" width="520" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;In style Johannes Cornelisz Verspronck (1606-1662) Lady with a Ruff&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-H2Fp4WO9Tjw/TzBNMYquccI/AAAAAAAA3BQ/KECvx0oTHrU/s1600/6%2B1642%2BMichael%2BConrad%2BHirt%2B%25281613%25E2%2580%25931671%2529%2BAnna%2BRosina%2BTanck%252C%2BWife%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMayor%2Bof%2BL%25C3%25BCbecker.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-H2Fp4WO9Tjw/TzBNMYquccI/AAAAAAAA3BQ/KECvx0oTHrU/s640/6%2B1642%2BMichael%2BConrad%2BHirt%2B%25281613%25E2%2580%25931671%2529%2BAnna%2BRosina%2BTanck%252C%2BWife%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMayor%2Bof%2BL%25C3%25BCbecker.bmp" width="552" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1642 Michael Conrad Hirt (1613–1671) Anna Rosina Tanck, Wife of the Mayor of Lübecker&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;English styles evolved to only a hint of the former cone in the 1600s.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-WcQPfzkyF-Y/TzDhlo3mH9I/AAAAAAAA3Fk/HsDZ9a-uLuY/s1600/Cornelius%2BJohnson%2B%2528Flemish-born%2BEnglish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1661%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-WcQPfzkyF-Y/TzDhlo3mH9I/AAAAAAAA3Fk/HsDZ9a-uLuY/s640/Cornelius%2BJohnson%2B%2528Flemish-born%2BEnglish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1661%2529%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg" width="518" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelius Johnson (Flemish-born English Baroque Era Painter, 1593-1661) Portrait of a Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wVKdhc5322s/TzDh55WxRgI/AAAAAAAA3Fw/9l2exEORYOA/s1600/Cornelius%2BJohnson%2B%2528Flemish-born%2BEnglish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1661%2529%2BLady%2BHester%2BBowyer%2B%2528d%2B1665%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-wVKdhc5322s/TzDh55WxRgI/AAAAAAAA3Fw/9l2exEORYOA/s400/Cornelius%2BJohnson%2B%2528Flemish-born%2BEnglish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1661%2529%2BLady%2BHester%2BBowyer%2B%2528d%2B1665%2529.jpg" width="327" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Cornelius Johnson (Flemish-born English Baroque Era Painter, 1593-1661) Lady Hester Bowyer (d 1665)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Note about the charming Mr Philip Stubbes: During the Elizabethan era, pamphlets &amp;amp; broadsides commenting on life in England were sold to those who could read. One author was Londoner Philip Stubbes (c 1555-1610) educated at both Oxford &amp;amp; Cambridge Universities. He was a conservative, religious Puritan who who could not abide to social ills of the day. One of his works was "The Anatomie of Abuses in England in Shakspere's Youth" in which he ridiculed the fashions of the age, including ruffs. He recorded its publication in the London Stationers' Register in March of 1583.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Also see:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1840 George Aungier's The History and Antiquities of Syon Monastery, 1840&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;1868 Littell's Living Age, July, August, September 1868 Boston Littell &amp;amp; Gay&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;1873 Chamber's Journal of Popular Literature, Science, &amp;amp; Art, by William &amp;amp; Robert Chambers, Volume 50 1873  47 Paternoster Row, London,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;1638 The Truth of our Times; revealed out of one Man's Experience by Way of Essay, by Henry Peacham&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffe599;"&gt;Post Script: The large ruff of the Elizabethan collar appears in one of my favorite films "Up," where it's used as a public humiliation device for a dog and is called the "Cone of Shame." &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-c9hJA2OJw7M/TzDfbQHQvyI/AAAAAAAA3FY/eUkcVTo32io/s1600/cat-e.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-c9hJA2OJw7M/TzDfbQHQvyI/AAAAAAAA3FY/eUkcVTo32io/s400/cat-e.jpg" width="315" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;This is one of my favorite 19th-century depictions by Louis Prang (1824-1909) from the Boston Public Library&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/01/queen-elizabeth-i-public-relations.html"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232; font-size: large;"&gt;For some of the ruffs of Queen Elizabeth I click here.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-3933884128165844342?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/3933884128165844342/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/amazing-sometimes-ridiculous-ruff-of.html#comment-form' title='3 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/3933884128165844342'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/3933884128165844342'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/amazing-sometimes-ridiculous-ruff-of.html' title='The amazing &amp; sometimes ridiculous Ruff of 1500-1600s Europe'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Wqd5FkcHsoU/TzA1_Y1W0OI/AAAAAAAA21E/932lzNCLoVA/s72-c/1535%2BTitian%2B%25281490-1576%2529%2BIsabella%2Bof%2BPortugal%2BThe%2Bhigh-necked%2Bsmock%2Bis%2Bembroidered%2Bin%2Bbands%2Bwhich%2Bradiate%2Bfrom%2Bthe%2Bneck%2Bruffle%2Bdown%2Bto%2Bthe%2Bcurving%2Btop%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bbodice..jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>3</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-9266735214506879</id><published>2012-02-06T06:43:00.007-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T08:31:45.827-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Coffee Tales'/><title type='text'>Coffee Tales - India 19th-Century</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9mSe6i4e_WI/Ty9Nc6djD0I/AAAAAAAA2zw/ido7IL2xItM/s1600/Claret%2BJug.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9mSe6i4e_WI/Ty9Nc6djD0I/AAAAAAAA2zw/ido7IL2xItM/s400/Claret%2BJug.jpg" width="337" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Sterling Silver Coffee Pot made in Lucknow, India, c 1880&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The first record of coffee growing in India follows the introduction of coffee beans from Yemen by Baba Budan to the hills of Chikmagalur in 1670. Coffee drinking&amp;nbsp;became extremely popular there during British rule (1612-1947); of course, I guess it became popular in most places during that particular period of time. Since then, coffee plantations have become established in the region, extending south to Kodagu. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;David Burton, a food historian writes in his book &lt;b&gt;The Raj at Table &lt;/b&gt;(1993) &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"India's first coffee house opened in Calcutta after the battle of Plassey in 1780. Soon after, John Jackson and Cottrell Barrett opened the original Madras Coffee House, which was followed in 1792 by the Exchange Coffee Tavern at the Muslim, waited at the mouth of the Madras Fort. The enterprising proprietor of the latter announced he was going to run his coffee house on the same lines as Lloyd's in London, by maintaining a register of the arrival and departure of ships, and offering Indian and European newspapers for his customers to read. Other houses also offered free use of billiard tables, recovering their costs with the high price of one rupee for a single dish of coffee."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Until the middle of the 20th century, private Indian&amp;nbsp;households traditionally would use jaggery or honey to sweeten their coffee.&amp;nbsp; Sweet coffee appealed to the Indian population.&amp;nbsp; Today South Indian Coffee also know as Filter Coffee is a sweet milky coffee made from dark roasted coffee beans (70%-80%) and chicory (20%-30%), which is especially popular in the southern states of Karnataka &amp;amp; Tamil Nadu. The most commonly used coffee beans are Arabica&amp;nbsp;&amp;amp; Robusta which are grown locally in the hills of Karnatka, Kerla, and Tamil Nadu.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Coffee"&gt;For more early morning coffee tales, click here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-9266735214506879?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/9266735214506879/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales-india-19th-century.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/9266735214506879'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/9266735214506879'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/coffee-tales-india-19th-century.html' title='Coffee Tales - India 19th-Century'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9mSe6i4e_WI/Ty9Nc6djD0I/AAAAAAAA2zw/ido7IL2xItM/s72-c/Claret%2BJug.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-9186837952577115782</id><published>2012-02-06T05:23:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-07T19:26:14.835-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Madonna + Child'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>Morning Madonna</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-75isydIwm50/Ty9JID87NlI/AAAAAAAA2zk/wDv7E34E1mE/s1600/1520%2BMaster%2Bof%2Bthe%2BLegend%2Bof%2BMary%2BMagdalene%2B%2528fl%2B1480-1537%2529%2BMary%2Bwith%2BChild%2B.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-75isydIwm50/Ty9JID87NlI/AAAAAAAA2zk/wDv7E34E1mE/s640/1520%2BMaster%2Bof%2Bthe%2BLegend%2Bof%2BMary%2BMagdalene%2B%2528fl%2B1480-1537%2529%2BMary%2Bwith%2BChild%2B.bmp" width="448" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1520 Master of the Legend of Mary Magdalene (fl 1480-1537) Mary with Child &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this blog, I try to begin each day with a painting of the Madonna &amp;amp; Child. It centers me; connects me to the past; &amp;amp; encourages me to post some of the religious paintings which were the core of early Western art. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Madonna%20%2B%20Child"&gt;Click here for other Madonna images from this blog.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-9186837952577115782?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/9186837952577115782/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-and-child_06.html#comment-form' title='4 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/9186837952577115782'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/9186837952577115782'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-and-child_06.html' title='Morning Madonna'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-75isydIwm50/Ty9JID87NlI/AAAAAAAA2zk/wDv7E34E1mE/s72-c/1520%2BMaster%2Bof%2Bthe%2BLegend%2Bof%2BMary%2BMagdalene%2B%2528fl%2B1480-1537%2529%2BMary%2Bwith%2BChild%2B.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>4</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6965097203317855185</id><published>2012-02-05T22:53:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-05T23:12:48.992-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Taking Care of One Another'/><title type='text'>Taking Care of One Another</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--kmBAhLuNY8/Ty80rgLBb9I/AAAAAAAA2w8/ZcyKNgbENds/s1600/111.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="278" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--kmBAhLuNY8/Ty80rgLBb9I/AAAAAAAA2w8/ZcyKNgbENds/s400/111.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Absolutely beautiful in every way...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6965097203317855185?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6965097203317855185/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/taking-care-of-one-another.html#comment-form' title='2 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6965097203317855185'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6965097203317855185'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/taking-care-of-one-another.html' title='Taking Care of One Another'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/--kmBAhLuNY8/Ty80rgLBb9I/AAAAAAAA2w8/ZcyKNgbENds/s72-c/111.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>2</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-3468041073211206242</id><published>2012-02-05T22:06:00.003-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-05T22:10:07.055-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Rembrandt'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Velasquez'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500-1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Quellinus'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Vermeer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Rubens'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Bassano-F'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Bruegal the Younger'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Jordaens'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Bassano-J'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Tintoretto'/><title type='text'>Christ in the House of Mary &amp; Martha</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3s6EPtDRpcw/Ty9BPDgXGdI/AAAAAAAA2xI/VIwksUI49D4/s1600/1%2B%2B1576%252C%2BJacopo%2BBassano%2B%2528Jacopo%2Bda%2BPonte%252C%2BItalian%2BHigh%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1510-1592%2529%2B%2526%2BFrancesco%2BBassano%2B%2528Italian%2BMannerist%2BPainter%252C%2Bc.1549-1592%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="309" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3s6EPtDRpcw/Ty9BPDgXGdI/AAAAAAAA2xI/VIwksUI49D4/s400/1%2B%2B1576%252C%2BJacopo%2BBassano%2B%2528Jacopo%2Bda%2BPonte%252C%2BItalian%2BHigh%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1510-1592%2529%2B%2526%2BFrancesco%2BBassano%2B%2528Italian%2BMannerist%2BPainter%252C%2Bc.1549-1592%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Christ in the House of Mary, Martha &amp;amp; Lazarus, 1576, Jacopo Bassano (Jacopo da Ponte, Italian High Renaissance Painter, c 1510-1592) &amp;amp; Francesco Bassano (Italian Mannerist Painter, c.1549-1592)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I did not want to leave the discussion of the Flemish &amp;amp; northern Italian paintings depicting Jesus in the House of Mary and Martha without posting a few of these depictions sans market scenes.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-LkzsIFeVCwA/Ty9BmGHxVrI/AAAAAAAA2xU/HLcBXal1iwM/s1600/2%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2B1570-75%252C%2BTintoretto%252C%2BJacopo%2BRobusti%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1518-1594%2529%252C%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2B1570-75.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-LkzsIFeVCwA/Ty9BmGHxVrI/AAAAAAAA2xU/HLcBXal1iwM/s400/2%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2B1570-75%252C%2BTintoretto%252C%2BJacopo%2BRobusti%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1518-1594%2529%252C%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2B1570-75.jpg" width="284" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Christ in the House of Martha and Mary, 1570-75, Tintoretto, Jacopo Robusti (Italian, 1518-1594), &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Now as they went on their way, he entered a certain village, where a woman named Martha welcomed him into her home. She had a sister named Mary, who sat at the Lord's feet and listened to what he was saying. But Martha was distracted by her many tasks; so she came to him and asked, "Lord, do you not care that my sister has left me to do all the work by myself? Tell her then to help me." But the Lord answered her, "Martha, Martha, you are worried and distracted by many things; there is need of only one thing. Mary has chosen the better part, which will not be taken away from her"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (Luke 10:38-42).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GT48Xa6LTY4/Ty9EPrQH-PI/AAAAAAAA2yo/nnn0A9nxGIs/s1600/3%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2B1628%252C%2BJan%2BBruegel%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%25281601-1678%2529%2B%2526%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2B%25281577-1640%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-GT48Xa6LTY4/Ty9EPrQH-PI/AAAAAAAA2yo/nnn0A9nxGIs/s400/3%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2B1628%252C%2BJan%2BBruegel%2Bthe%2BYounger%2B%25281601-1678%2529%2B%2526%2BPeter%2BPaul%2BRubens%2B%25281577-1640%2529.jpg" width="388" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Christ in the House of Martha and Mary, 1628, Jan Bruegel the Younger (1601-1678) &amp;amp; Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hgh0xR8Qkrw/Ty9B-SjqqmI/AAAAAAAA2xs/JMy0CA-tXDg/s1600/4%2BChrist%2Bat%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%2Bof%2BBethany%252C%2BJacob%2BJordaens%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1678%2529.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="292" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hgh0xR8Qkrw/Ty9B-SjqqmI/AAAAAAAA2xs/JMy0CA-tXDg/s400/4%2BChrist%2Bat%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%2Bof%2BBethany%252C%2BJacob%2BJordaens%2B%2528Flemish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1593-1678%2529.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Christ at the House of Martha and Mary of Bethany, Jacob Jordaens (Flemish Baroque Era Painter, 1593-1678)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4mE_vPq5UAA/Ty9CE-U4tAI/AAAAAAAA2x4/D-KlFJb0Hzs/s1600/5%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2B1618%252C%2BDiego%2BVel%25C3%25A1squez%2B%2528Spanish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1599-1660%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="235" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-4mE_vPq5UAA/Ty9CE-U4tAI/AAAAAAAA2x4/D-KlFJb0Hzs/s400/5%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2B1618%252C%2BDiego%2BVel%25C3%25A1squez%2B%2528Spanish%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1599-1660%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Christ in the House of Martha and Mary, 1618, Diego Velásquez (Spanish Baroque Era Painter, 1599-1660)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N4H8L7VhuZ0/Ty9CLiaaQtI/AAAAAAAA2yE/fHGPLizD2Wo/s1600/6%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2BRembrandt%2BVan%2BRijn%2B%25281606%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1669%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="274" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-N4H8L7VhuZ0/Ty9CLiaaQtI/AAAAAAAA2yE/fHGPLizD2Wo/s400/6%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%252C%2BRembrandt%2BVan%2BRijn%2B%25281606%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1669%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Christ in the House of Martha and Mary, Rembrandt Van Rijn (1606–1669)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yXgRW999_tQ/Ty9CRyVg9FI/AAAAAAAA2yQ/HBkZehg_cco/s1600/7%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%2B%2528Christus%2Bin%2Bhet%2Bhuis%2Bvan%2BMartha%2Ben%2BMaria%2529%252C%2BJohannes%2BVermeer%2B%25281632-1675%2529%252C%2Bc.%2B1654-1655.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-yXgRW999_tQ/Ty9CRyVg9FI/AAAAAAAA2yQ/HBkZehg_cco/s640/7%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary%2B%2528Christus%2Bin%2Bhet%2Bhuis%2Bvan%2BMartha%2Ben%2BMaria%2529%252C%2BJohannes%2BVermeer%2B%25281632-1675%2529%252C%2Bc.%2B1654-1655.bmp" width="568" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Christ in the House of Martha and Mary, Johannes Vermeer (1632-1675), c 1654-1655&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iLZv6xSyG3o/Ty9CZA3F58I/AAAAAAAA2yc/D4KP6pUVN90/s1600/8%2BQuellinus%252C%2BJan%2BErasmus.%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1634-1715%2529%2B.Jesus%2Bwith%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="274" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-iLZv6xSyG3o/Ty9CZA3F58I/AAAAAAAA2yc/D4KP6pUVN90/s400/8%2BQuellinus%252C%2BJan%2BErasmus.%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%252C%2B1634-1715%2529%2B.Jesus%2Bwith%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Quellinus, Jan Erasmus. (Flemish painter, 1634-1715) Jesus with Martha and Mary&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-3468041073211206242?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/3468041073211206242/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/christ-in-house-of-mary-martha.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/3468041073211206242'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/3468041073211206242'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/christ-in-house-of-mary-martha.html' title='Christ in the House of Mary &amp; Martha'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-3s6EPtDRpcw/Ty9BPDgXGdI/AAAAAAAA2xI/VIwksUI49D4/s72-c/1%2B%2B1576%252C%2BJacopo%2BBassano%2B%2528Jacopo%2Bda%2BPonte%252C%2BItalian%2BHigh%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1510-1592%2529%2B%2526%2BFrancesco%2BBassano%2B%2528Italian%2BMannerist%2BPainter%252C%2Bc.1549-1592%2529.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-7006456479679511079</id><published>2012-02-05T16:00:00.009-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-05T19:42:42.936-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tea'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1700-1800s'/><title type='text'>Relax &amp; have some tea...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AH7nmg9jNIk/TxbsqwWp-jI/AAAAAAAA0oE/NnRO4NC1ncc/s1600/t6.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="274" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AH7nmg9jNIk/TxbsqwWp-jI/AAAAAAAA0oE/NnRO4NC1ncc/s400/t6.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"Thank God for Tea! What would the world do without tea.  How did it exist? I am glad I was not born before tea."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  Reverend Sidney Smith (1771-1845) was an an English writer and Anglican&amp;nbsp; cleric.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jwzoU_MV-r4/Ty8h7HwJhtI/AAAAAAAA2ww/WdkUd3CpCtA/s1600/SydneysmithNPGportrait.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left:1em; margin-right:1em"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="325" width="258" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-jwzoU_MV-r4/Ty8h7HwJhtI/AAAAAAAA2ww/WdkUd3CpCtA/s400/SydneysmithNPGportrait.jpg" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Reverend Sidney Smith (1771-1845)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Tea"&gt;Click here for more tea stories &amp;amp; tea pots.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-7006456479679511079?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/7006456479679511079/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_05.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/7006456479679511079'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/7006456479679511079'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_05.html' title='Relax &amp; have some tea...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AH7nmg9jNIk/TxbsqwWp-jI/AAAAAAAA0oE/NnRO4NC1ncc/s72-c/t6.bmp' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-7650163066931998799</id><published>2012-02-05T13:16:00.004-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-05T13:49:50.501-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Author Dickinson'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Poetry'/><title type='text'>Emily Dickinson &amp; Winter</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Tt6DeoKC48I/Ty7HKIf2fGI/AAAAAAAA2wk/0n16jP-f-_g/s1600/icicle_old_man_winter.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Tt6DeoKC48I/Ty7HKIf2fGI/AAAAAAAA2wk/0n16jP-f-_g/s400/icicle_old_man_winter.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Winter is good - his Hoar Delights (1316)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;by Emily Dickinson (American poet, 1830-1886)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Winter is good - his Hoar Delights&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Italic flavor yield -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;To Intellects inebriate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;With Summer, or the World -&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Generic as a Quarry&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;And hearty - as a Rose - &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Invited with asperity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;But welcome when he goes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-7650163066931998799?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/7650163066931998799/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/emily-dickinson-winter.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/7650163066931998799'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/7650163066931998799'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/emily-dickinson-winter.html' title='Emily Dickinson &amp; Winter'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Tt6DeoKC48I/Ty7HKIf2fGI/AAAAAAAA2wk/0n16jP-f-_g/s72-c/icicle_old_man_winter.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-3892271460792732844</id><published>2012-02-05T13:05:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-06T23:13:21.196-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Cornelisz'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Terborch'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Maes'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Marketing'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Kitchen'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Vermeer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Schalcken'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Metsu'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Snyders'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Kauw the Elder'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Food'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Dou'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Pieter de Hooch'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Wtewael'/><title type='text'>Marketing &amp; Cooking in 1600s Europe</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #663333;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f7pl3pnb_jA/TVx7dXKKKvI/AAAAAAAAit0/I91iyVsmP0I/s1600/1_Albrecht_Kauw_the_Elder_%2528Swiss_artist%252C_1621-1681%2529__Fruits_and_Vegetables_1660.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574466183140879090" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f7pl3pnb_jA/TVx7dXKKKvI/AAAAAAAAit0/I91iyVsmP0I/s400/1_Albrecht_Kauw_the_Elder_%2528Swiss_artist%252C_1621-1681%2529__Fruits_and_Vegetables_1660.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 395px;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Albrecht Kauw the Elder (Swiss artist, 1621-1681) Fruits and Vegetables 1660&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-feiaMJAOUS0/Ty9XAqZW08I/AAAAAAAA20U/AJ2HdMTJK5k/s1600/Master%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAmsterdam%2BBodegone%252C%2BThe%2BChef%2Bc%2B1610.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="331" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-feiaMJAOUS0/Ty9XAqZW08I/AAAAAAAA20U/AJ2HdMTJK5k/s400/Master%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAmsterdam%2BBodegone%252C%2BThe%2BChef%2Bc%2B1610.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Master of the Amsterdam Bodegone, The Chef c 1610&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YqJRNYldTXI/Ty9GNclyzkI/AAAAAAAA2zA/PaIwyF3IIJo/s1600/Giovanna%2BGarzoni%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1600%25E2%2580%25931670%2529%2BThe%2BOld%2BMan%2Bof%2BArtimino%252C%2Bcirca%2B1650.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="254" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YqJRNYldTXI/Ty9GNclyzkI/AAAAAAAA2zA/PaIwyF3IIJo/s400/Giovanna%2BGarzoni%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1600%25E2%2580%25931670%2529%2BThe%2BOld%2BMan%2Bof%2BArtimino%252C%2Bcirca%2B1650.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Giovanna Garzoni (Italian artist, 1600–1670) The Old Man of Artimino, c 1650&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_BJ_70tVvFk/Ty9GZtAIFlI/AAAAAAAA2zM/N4mR0T77IJQ/s1600/Old%2BWoman%2BCooking%2BEggs%2Bby%2BDiego%2BRodr%25C3%25ADguez%2Bde%2BSilva%2By%2BVel%25C3%25A1zquez%2B%2528Spanish%2Barist%252C%2B1599-1660%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="340" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-_BJ_70tVvFk/Ty9GZtAIFlI/AAAAAAAA2zM/N4mR0T77IJQ/s400/Old%2BWoman%2BCooking%2BEggs%2Bby%2BDiego%2BRodr%25C3%25ADguez%2Bde%2BSilva%2By%2BVel%25C3%25A1zquez%2B%2528Spanish%2Barist%252C%2B1599-1660%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Old Woman Cooking Eggs by Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (Spanish arist, 1599-1660)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9zox6SMW_5c/Ty9GhBBZiGI/AAAAAAAA2zY/-wXed0CTdgE/s1600/Gabriel%2BMetsu%2B%2528Leiden%2Bartist%252C%2B1629%2B-%2B1669%2BAmsterdam%2529%252C%2BA%2BWoman%2BSelling%2BGame%2Bfrom%2Ba%2BStall%252C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-9zox6SMW_5c/Ty9GhBBZiGI/AAAAAAAA2zY/-wXed0CTdgE/s400/Gabriel%2BMetsu%2B%2528Leiden%2Bartist%252C%2B1629%2B-%2B1669%2BAmsterdam%2529%252C%2BA%2BWoman%2BSelling%2BGame%2Bfrom%2Ba%2BStall%252C.jpg" width="312" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Gabriel Metsu (Dutch artist, 1629-1669) A Woman Selling Game from a Stall&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2CgjP4Gk-oQ/TzChGvFUZ3I/AAAAAAAA3Ec/uhcg8L52ACs/s1600/1643%2BGodfried%2BSchalcken%2Bor%2BGottfried%2BSchalken%2B%25281643%25E2%2580%25931706%2529%2B%2BMan%2Band%2BWoman%2Bwith%2Ba%2BWine%2BGlass.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2CgjP4Gk-oQ/TzChGvFUZ3I/AAAAAAAA3Ec/uhcg8L52ACs/s400/1643%2BGodfried%2BSchalcken%2Bor%2BGottfried%2BSchalken%2B%25281643%25E2%2580%25931706%2529%2B%2BMan%2Band%2BWoman%2Bwith%2Ba%2BWine%2BGlass.jpg" width="313" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1643 Godfried Schalcken or Gottfried Schalken (1643–1706) Man and Woman with a Wine Glass&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-plcARFlw9os/TVwZMaHi3aI/AAAAAAAAitI/ULY6fu0hQOQ/s1600/2%2BGabriel%2BMetsu%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1629-1667%2529%2BWoman%2BPeeling%2BPotatoes.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574358139737922978" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-plcARFlw9os/TVwZMaHi3aI/AAAAAAAAitI/ULY6fu0hQOQ/s400/2%2BGabriel%2BMetsu%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1629-1667%2529%2BWoman%2BPeeling%2BPotatoes.jpg" style="display: block; height: 357px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 295px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Gabriel Metsu (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1629-1667) Woman Peeling Potatoes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-WM9EJMw1NZM/TVwZGXmbeZI/AAAAAAAAitA/48FynNSdQlw/s1600/3%2BFloris%2BGerritsz%2BVan%2BSchooten%2B%2528Dutch%2Bartist%252C%2B1587-1665%2529%2B%2BKitchen%2BScene%2B1620s.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574358035982940562" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-WM9EJMw1NZM/TVwZGXmbeZI/AAAAAAAAitA/48FynNSdQlw/s400/3%2BFloris%2BGerritsz%2BVan%2BSchooten%2B%2528Dutch%2Bartist%252C%2B1587-1665%2529%2B%2BKitchen%2BScene%2B1620s.jpg" style="display: block; height: 294px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Floris Gerritsz Van Schooten (Dutch artist, 1587-1665) Kitchen Scene 1620s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Q5wldjhMjjo/TVwZAzBbDlI/AAAAAAAAis4/rixxRlP7go0/s1600/4%2BGodfried%2BSchalcken%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1643-1706%2529%2BWoman%2BScouring%2Ba%2BPot.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574357940264701522" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Q5wldjhMjjo/TVwZAzBbDlI/AAAAAAAAis4/rixxRlP7go0/s400/4%2BGodfried%2BSchalcken%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1643-1706%2529%2BWoman%2BScouring%2Ba%2BPot.jpg" style="display: block; height: 301px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 289px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Godfried Schalcken (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1643-1706) Woman Scouring a Pot&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-P3vxB_g9K9A/TVwY6Ju9z0I/AAAAAAAAisw/ISdX1uq72iE/s1600/5%2BFloris%2BGerritsz%2BVan%2BSchooten%2B%2528Dutch%2Bartist%252C%2B1587-1665%2529%2B%2BKitchen%2BStill%2BLife.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574357826102218562" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-P3vxB_g9K9A/TVwY6Ju9z0I/AAAAAAAAisw/ISdX1uq72iE/s400/5%2BFloris%2BGerritsz%2BVan%2BSchooten%2B%2528Dutch%2Bartist%252C%2B1587-1665%2529%2B%2BKitchen%2BStill%2BLife.jpg" style="display: block; height: 305px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Floris Gerritsz Van Schooten (Dutch artist, 1587-1665) Kitchen Still Life&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-64lpBA6Tr8s/TVwYwrt4-TI/AAAAAAAAiso/yLRFgm-G37k/s1600/6%2BGabriel%2BMetsu%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1629-1667%2529%2BGirl%2Bwith%2BPestle%2Band%2BMortar.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574357663425820978" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-64lpBA6Tr8s/TVwYwrt4-TI/AAAAAAAAiso/yLRFgm-G37k/s400/6%2BGabriel%2BMetsu%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1629-1667%2529%2BGirl%2Bwith%2BPestle%2Band%2BMortar.jpg" style="display: block; height: 338px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 289px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Gabriel Metsu (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1629-1667) Girl with Pestle and Mortar&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-e-eBp_TJXYI/TVwYqhH81bI/AAAAAAAAisg/xjsNQttH8Zk/s1600/7%2BFrans%2BSnyders%2B%2528Flemish%2Bartist%252C%2B1579-1657%2529%2BCook%2Bwith%2BFood.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574357557503120818" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-e-eBp_TJXYI/TVwYqhH81bI/AAAAAAAAisg/xjsNQttH8Zk/s400/7%2BFrans%2BSnyders%2B%2528Flemish%2Bartist%252C%2B1579-1657%2529%2BCook%2Bwith%2BFood.jpg" style="display: block; height: 290px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Frans Snyders (Flemish artist, 1579-1657) Cook with Food&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-sogHvctwltU/TVwYlINU26I/AAAAAAAAisY/hxv_nJPJzZM/s1600/8%2BGabriel%2BMetsu%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1629-1667%2529%2BThe%2BCook%2B1657.JPG"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574357464915434402" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-sogHvctwltU/TVwYlINU26I/AAAAAAAAisY/hxv_nJPJzZM/s400/8%2BGabriel%2BMetsu%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1629-1667%2529%2BThe%2BCook%2B1657.JPG" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 312px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Gabriel Metsu (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1629-1667) The Cook 1657&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pLVUub-9ijk/TVwYfTsYzHI/AAAAAAAAisQ/fwCrsr8NXq4/s1600/9%2BFrans%2BSnyders%2B%2528Flemish%2Bartist%252C%2B1579-1657%2529%2BFruit%2BStall%2B1618.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574357364919290994" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-pLVUub-9ijk/TVwYfTsYzHI/AAAAAAAAisQ/fwCrsr8NXq4/s400/9%2BFrans%2BSnyders%2B%2528Flemish%2Bartist%252C%2B1579-1657%2529%2BFruit%2BStall%2B1618.jpg" style="display: block; height: 359px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 436px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Frans Snyders (Flemish artist, 1579-1657) Fruit Stall 1618&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0GQKJwT51n4/TVwYZaEdORI/AAAAAAAAisI/Gq2L2yUPJZE/s1600/10%2BGerrit%2BDou%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1613-1675%2529%2BGirl%2BChopping%2BOnions.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574357263551641874" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0GQKJwT51n4/TVwYZaEdORI/AAAAAAAAisI/Gq2L2yUPJZE/s400/10%2BGerrit%2BDou%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1613-1675%2529%2BGirl%2BChopping%2BOnions.jpg" style="display: block; height: 378px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 327px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Gerrit Dou (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1613-1675) Girl Chopping Onions&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qJ7QcVCSbho/TVwYTiT27bI/AAAAAAAAisA/DB1GeK58k74/s1600/11%2BGerard%2BTerborch%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1617-1681%2529%2BA%2BMilking%2Ba%2BCow.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574357162684509618" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qJ7QcVCSbho/TVwYTiT27bI/AAAAAAAAisA/DB1GeK58k74/s400/11%2BGerard%2BTerborch%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1617-1681%2529%2BA%2BMilking%2Ba%2BCow.jpg" style="display: block; height: 315px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 440px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Gerard Terborch (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1617-1681) A Milking a Cow&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Cgy6xm_PUfw/TVwYCVoJc2I/AAAAAAAAirw/AETPWfoMGg8/s1600/13%2BJeremias%2BVan%2BWinghe%2B%2528Flemish%2Bartist%252C%2B1578-1645%2529%2B%2BKitchen%2BScene%2B1613.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574356867222172514" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Cgy6xm_PUfw/TVwYCVoJc2I/AAAAAAAAirw/AETPWfoMGg8/s400/13%2BJeremias%2BVan%2BWinghe%2B%2528Flemish%2Bartist%252C%2B1578-1645%2529%2B%2BKitchen%2BScene%2B1613.jpg" style="display: block; height: 283px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 342px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Jeremias Van Winghe (Flemish artist, 1578-1645) Kitchen Scene 1613&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TGMLu-fDjzE/TVwX17oVLHI/AAAAAAAAirg/pk8bhDNMfBs/s1600/15%2BPeter%2BWtewael%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1596-1660%2529%2B%2BKitchen%2BScene%2B1620.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574356654085188722" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TGMLu-fDjzE/TVwX17oVLHI/AAAAAAAAirg/pk8bhDNMfBs/s400/15%2BPeter%2BWtewael%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1596-1660%2529%2B%2BKitchen%2BScene%2B1620.jpg" style="display: block; height: 311px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 431px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Peter Wtewael (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1596-1660) Kitchen Scene 1620&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-99h_68e3PUM/TVwXvWpQpGI/AAAAAAAAirY/MVN2SOHyBQs/s1600/16%2BPieter%2Bde%2BHooch%2B%2528Dutch%2Bgenre%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1629-c%2B1677%2529%2BWoman%2BPeeling%2BApples.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574356541077759074" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-99h_68e3PUM/TVwXvWpQpGI/AAAAAAAAirY/MVN2SOHyBQs/s400/16%2BPieter%2Bde%2BHooch%2B%2528Dutch%2Bgenre%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1629-c%2B1677%2529%2BWoman%2BPeeling%2BApples.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 307px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter de Hooch (Dutch genre painter, c 1629-c 1677) Woman Peeling Apples&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NUND9ZC99kc/TVwXorbG--I/AAAAAAAAirQ/qYTmqfCwoXg/s1600/17%2BPieter%2BCornelisz%2Bvon%2BRyck%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1568-1628%2529%2BStill%2BLife%2Bwith%2BFigures%2B1622.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574356426396466146" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-NUND9ZC99kc/TVwXorbG--I/AAAAAAAAirQ/qYTmqfCwoXg/s400/17%2BPieter%2BCornelisz%2Bvon%2BRyck%2B%2528Dutch%2Bpainter%252C%2B1568-1628%2529%2BStill%2BLife%2Bwith%2BFigures%2B1622.jpg" style="display: block; height: 340px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Cornelisz von Ryck (Dutch painter, 1568-1628) Still Life with Figures 1622&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-pcJV-T45iXI/TVwXVx4R3BI/AAAAAAAAirI/x7gxQVPhE1E/s1600/18%2BNicolaes%2BMaes%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1634-1693%2529%2BGirl%2BPeeling%2BApples.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574356101711911954" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-pcJV-T45iXI/TVwXVx4R3BI/AAAAAAAAirI/x7gxQVPhE1E/s400/18%2BNicolaes%2BMaes%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1634-1693%2529%2BGirl%2BPeeling%2BApples.jpg" style="display: block; height: 357px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 300px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Nicolaes Maes (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1634-1693) Girl Peeling Apples&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ePg5M7FN-ys/TVwXKrksHJI/AAAAAAAAiq4/zC3MoJF6UVk/s1600/20%2BGerard%2BTerborch%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1617-1681%2529%2BPeeling%2BApples.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574355911040572562" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ePg5M7FN-ys/TVwXKrksHJI/AAAAAAAAiq4/zC3MoJF6UVk/s400/20%2BGerard%2BTerborch%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1617-1681%2529%2BPeeling%2BApples.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 329px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Gerard Terborch (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1617-1681) Peeling Apples&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y98RjKgCr9s/TVwW-G89WVI/AAAAAAAAiqo/h2LJOWYqdcY/s1600/Johannes%2BVermeer%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1632-1675%2529%2BMilkmaid.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574355695051823442" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-y98RjKgCr9s/TVwW-G89WVI/AAAAAAAAiqo/h2LJOWYqdcY/s400/Johannes%2BVermeer%2B%2528Dutch%2BBaroque%2BEra%2BPainter%252C%2B1632-1675%2529%2BMilkmaid.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 307px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Johannes Vermeer (Dutch Baroque Era Painter, 1632-1675) Milkmaid&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FQrya3Ci4Qc/TVwWnRx1M2I/AAAAAAAAiqY/KyM3tl3HO4I/s1600/Rembrandt%2BHarmenszoon%2Bvan%2BRijn%2B%25281606-1669%2529%2BPlucking%2BFowl.jpg"&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5574355302820950882" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-FQrya3Ci4Qc/TVwWnRx1M2I/AAAAAAAAiqY/KyM3tl3HO4I/s400/Rembrandt%2BHarmenszoon%2Bvan%2BRijn%2B%25281606-1669%2529%2BPlucking%2BFowl.jpg" style="display: block; height: 339px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 264px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606-1669) Plucking Fowl&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I would be remiss not to include one of my favorite &amp;amp; most unusual food still lifes of the 17th-century.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GCQhw6vwaEg/Ty9Oc4jP2hI/AAAAAAAA2z8/_y9snTsmgIQ/s1600/Master%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAcquavella%2BStill-Life%2BItalian%2Bartist%252C%2BStill%2BLife%2Bwith%2Ba%2BViolinist%2B1620.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="250" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-GCQhw6vwaEg/Ty9Oc4jP2hI/AAAAAAAA2z8/_y9snTsmgIQ/s400/Master%2Bof%2Bthe%2BAcquavella%2BStill-Life%2BItalian%2Bartist%252C%2BStill%2BLife%2Bwith%2Ba%2BViolinist%2B1620.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Master of the Acquavella Still-Life Italian artist, Still Life with a Violinist 1620&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663333;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-3892271460792732844?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/3892271460792732844/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/02/women-cooking-1500s-1700s.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/3892271460792732844'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/3892271460792732844'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/02/women-cooking-1500s-1700s.html' title='Marketing &amp; Cooking in 1600s Europe'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-f7pl3pnb_jA/TVx7dXKKKvI/AAAAAAAAit0/I91iyVsmP0I/s72-c/1_Albrecht_Kauw_the_Elder_%2528Swiss_artist%252C_1621-1681%2529__Fruits_and_Vegetables_1660.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-8274740321207552327</id><published>2012-02-05T13:02:00.005-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-05T21:17:49.577-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500-1600s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Marketing'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s Food'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Food'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Passarotti'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Carracci'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Campi'/><title type='text'>Marketing &amp; Cooking &amp; a little less Religion in Renaissance Italy</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/--wn8RBvxyBE/Ty69fuJ5W_I/AAAAAAAA2so/fO9BcfH4HkE/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMary%2Band%2BMartha.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="271" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/--wn8RBvxyBE/Ty69fuJ5W_I/AAAAAAAA2so/fO9BcfH4HkE/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMary%2Band%2BMartha.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591) The Fishmonger &amp;amp; Christ in the House of Mary and Martha&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536–1591) continued the Flemish&amp;nbsp;theme of markets &amp;amp; people dining, but only rarely did he insert the religious scene in the background of his paintings. In fact, some of the paintings of Campi, such as his depictions of people eating, have been seen as lustful. While lust was certainly depicted between men &amp;amp; women in the Flemish paintings, it was seldom inserted into people's interactions with food itself.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zVKOH-YXxNY/Ty696-IS8hI/AAAAAAAA2s0/lB00m_jVl74/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BThe%2BFruit%2BSeller.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="255" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-zVKOH-YXxNY/Ty696-IS8hI/AAAAAAAA2s0/lB00m_jVl74/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BThe%2BFruit%2BSeller.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591) The Fruit Seller&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-F_oEtnIGejk/Ty6-Efa8JhI/AAAAAAAA2tA/NVdm9W-5QcE/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BKitchen.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="277" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-F_oEtnIGejk/Ty6-Efa8JhI/AAAAAAAA2tA/NVdm9W-5QcE/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BKitchen.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591) Kitchen&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4ek51S8ToLU/Ty6-NQ_t2QI/AAAAAAAA2tM/TKaGIO5wqa8/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BChicken%2BVendors.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="272" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4ek51S8ToLU/Ty6-NQ_t2QI/AAAAAAAA2tM/TKaGIO5wqa8/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BChicken%2BVendors.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591) Chicken Vendors&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eWgQQ_oZcoE/Ty6-VqUPLbI/AAAAAAAA2tY/9S6DTi_dCGw/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2B1580%2BKitchen.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="291" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-eWgQQ_oZcoE/Ty6-VqUPLbI/AAAAAAAA2tY/9S6DTi_dCGw/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2B1580%2BKitchen.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591) 1580 Kitchen&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UdTcBuFHLBs/Ty6-eXqSGDI/AAAAAAAA2tk/wv953V84L6w/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2B%2BMarket%2BScene.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="296" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UdTcBuFHLBs/Ty6-eXqSGDI/AAAAAAAA2tk/wv953V84L6w/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2B%2BMarket%2BScene.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591)  Market Scene&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-pUfNPdsq_Hk/Ty6-mYMBybI/AAAAAAAA2tw/qZZFau8nM2g/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2B%2BFishmongers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="261" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-pUfNPdsq_Hk/Ty6-mYMBybI/AAAAAAAA2tw/qZZFau8nM2g/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2B%2BFishmongers.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591)  Fishmongers&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9swi8WbMn6g/Ty6-u26kDUI/AAAAAAAA2t8/azI1S3hQVRY/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2B%2Bfishmonger%2Bc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="263" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9swi8WbMn6g/Ty6-u26kDUI/AAAAAAAA2t8/azI1S3hQVRY/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2B%2Bfishmonger%2Bc.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591) Fishmonger&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-5ZbOl65TYto/Ty6-7eCuTrI/AAAAAAAA2uI/tCoAifcF-yk/s1600/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BThe%2BCheese%2BEaters%252C%2Bcirca%2B1580.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="373" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-5ZbOl65TYto/Ty6-7eCuTrI/AAAAAAAA2uI/tCoAifcF-yk/s400/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BThe%2BCheese%2BEaters%252C%2Bcirca%2B1580.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Vincenzo Campi (Italian painter, c 1536 – 1591) The Cheese Eaters, circa 1580. Note: this is a tad lusty...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) may have been the most admired painter of his time &amp;amp; a vital force in the creation of Baroque style. Carracci rejected the artificiality of Mannerist painting, championing a return to   nature &amp;amp; everyday people engaged in daily activities. While he did produce religious paintings, he did not insert religious vignettes into his paintings of everyday folks fishing &amp;amp; hunting for, preparing, or eating food as the Flemish painters had decades earlier.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-eeZPSWXrBQI/Ty7B6SBeOKI/AAAAAAAA2uU/BAmLkxp22YQ/s1600/1%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BFishing.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="225" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-eeZPSWXrBQI/Ty7B6SBeOKI/AAAAAAAA2uU/BAmLkxp22YQ/s400/1%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BFishing.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) Fishing&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TkpTtuEPz9A/Ty7CBjc0-sI/AAAAAAAA2ug/6RYa3nicpxg/s1600/2%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BHunting%2B%25282%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="212" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TkpTtuEPz9A/Ty7CBjc0-sI/AAAAAAAA2ug/6RYa3nicpxg/s400/2%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BHunting%2B%25282%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) Hunting&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kvhiWEU65Xo/Ty7CI9u5aZI/AAAAAAAA2us/c448bAE0rJ4/s1600/3%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BButcher%2BShop%252C%2B1580s.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="288" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-kvhiWEU65Xo/Ty7CI9u5aZI/AAAAAAAA2us/c448bAE0rJ4/s400/3%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BButcher%2BShop%252C%2B1580s.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bartolomeo Passarotti (Italian artist, 1529-1592)  Butcher Shop, 1580s. Note: perhaps a little lust here...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Butchers, fishmongers, &amp;amp; poultry&amp;nbsp;peddlers appeared in the northern Italian art of&amp;nbsp; Bartolomeo Passarotti (1529-1592)&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;amp; Annibale Carracci,&amp;nbsp;many made in Cremona &amp;amp; Bologna between about 1580 &amp;amp; 1585. The rather evolution of these Flemish-based scenes from daily life signaled the birth of a realist genre painting in Italy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-K0YwFuZIFI8/Ty7Cbc8ZyDI/AAAAAAAA2u4/aEWvx1TFyFw/s1600/4%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BLes%2Bmarchandes%2Bde%2Bvolaille%252C%2B1577%252C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-K0YwFuZIFI8/Ty7Cbc8ZyDI/AAAAAAAA2u4/aEWvx1TFyFw/s400/4%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BLes%2Bmarchandes%2Bde%2Bvolaille%252C%2B1577%252C.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bartolomeo Passarotti (Italian artist, 1529-1592) Les marchandes de volaille, 1577. Note: looks as if the market maid is wearing a tennis shoe...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QJ9R834pkOA/Ty7CjxJBeVI/AAAAAAAA2vE/v1T_93346zI/s1600/5%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BButcher%2BShop%2B%2528Fort%2BWorth%2529%252C%2Bcirca%2B1580.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="333" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-QJ9R834pkOA/Ty7CjxJBeVI/AAAAAAAA2vE/v1T_93346zI/s400/5%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BButcher%2BShop%2B%2528Fort%2BWorth%2529%252C%2Bcirca%2B1580.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) Butcher Shop (Fort Worth), circa 1580&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-MTyzWAeezpI/Ty7CrY_8mLI/AAAAAAAA2vQ/qO1saoKiA-g/s1600/6%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BThe%2BFish%2BStall.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="291" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-MTyzWAeezpI/Ty7CrY_8mLI/AAAAAAAA2vQ/qO1saoKiA-g/s400/6%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BThe%2BFish%2BStall.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bartolomeo Passarotti (Italian artist, 1529-1592)  The Fish Stall&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-X5yVRtFY8zo/Ty7C0I1O8UI/AAAAAAAA2vc/deTAQBNktr0/s1600/7%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BButcher%2BShop.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="273" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-X5yVRtFY8zo/Ty7C0I1O8UI/AAAAAAAA2vc/deTAQBNktr0/s400/7%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BButcher%2BShop.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) The Butcher Shop&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ib9RR0EyCus/Ty7DGFrxiDI/AAAAAAAA2vo/CDJFtKN_70k/s1600/8%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BTwo%2BMarket%2BWomen%2Bwith%2Bboy%2Bselling%2Bpoultry%2Bgourds%2B%2526%2Bonions.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-ib9RR0EyCus/Ty7DGFrxiDI/AAAAAAAA2vo/CDJFtKN_70k/s400/8%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BTwo%2BMarket%2BWomen%2Bwith%2Bboy%2Bselling%2Bpoultry%2Bgourds%2B%2526%2Bonions.jpg" width="333" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bartolomeo Passarotti (Italian artist, 1529-1592) Two Market Women with Boy selling poultry, gourds, &amp;amp; onions&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2AnJXernBL8/Ty7DPpaGAoI/AAAAAAAA2v0/It75XdkSPks/s1600/9%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BBaker%2BPreparing%2BPies.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="274" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-2AnJXernBL8/Ty7DPpaGAoI/AAAAAAAA2v0/It75XdkSPks/s400/9%2BBartolomeo%2BPassarotti%2B%2528Italian%2Bartist%252C%2B1529-1592%2529%2B%2BBaker%2BPreparing%2BPies.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Bartolomeo Passarotti (Italian artist, 1529-1592) Baker Preparing Pies&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;These paintings are clearly related by format &amp;amp; subject to the earlier Flemish market scenes by Antwerp painters Pieter Aertsen &amp;amp; Joachim Beuckelaer. The important change that Italian artists made to the Flemish models was the removal of biblical motifs from the backgrounds of the contemporary markets &amp;amp; eating scenes. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4foGi8ZWtcc/Ty7Dd2FvnLI/AAAAAAAA2wA/ivLe5eKqqDo/s1600/10%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BBean%2BEater%2B2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="311" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4foGi8ZWtcc/Ty7Dd2FvnLI/AAAAAAAA2wA/ivLe5eKqqDo/s400/10%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BThe%2BBean%2BEater%2B2.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) The Bean Eater &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-0ROVA7rYTpU/Ty7Dl5Xg20I/AAAAAAAA2wM/UFL4B6fc0_8/s1600/11%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BBoy%2BDrinking%252C%2B1582.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-0ROVA7rYTpU/Ty7Dl5Xg20I/AAAAAAAA2wM/UFL4B6fc0_8/s640/11%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2BBoy%2BDrinking%252C%2B1582.bmp" width="500" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) Boy Drinking, 1582&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Sr9gi7PsRAo/Ty7Du5dGSdI/AAAAAAAA2wY/t0rHlkZL1WY/s1600/12%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2Bthe%2Bbean%2Beater.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="331" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Sr9gi7PsRAo/Ty7Du5dGSdI/AAAAAAAA2wY/t0rHlkZL1WY/s400/12%2BAnnibale%2BCarracci%2B%2528Italian%252C%2BBolognese%252C%2B1560-1609%2529%2Bthe%2Bbean%2Beater.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Annibale Carracci (Italian, Bolognese, 1560-1609) The Bean Eater. &amp;nbsp;Note: this fellow is definitely lusting after these beans...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-8274740321207552327?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/8274740321207552327/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/marketing-cooking-little-less-religion.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/8274740321207552327'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/8274740321207552327'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/marketing-cooking-little-less-religion.html' title='Marketing &amp; Cooking &amp; a little less Religion in Renaissance Italy'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/--wn8RBvxyBE/Ty69fuJ5W_I/AAAAAAAA2so/fO9BcfH4HkE/s72-c/Vincenzo%2BCampi%2B%2528Italian%2Bpainter%252C%2Bc%2B1536%2B%25E2%2580%2593%2B1591%2529%2BChrist%2Bin%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMary%2Band%2BMartha.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6148029449790204790</id><published>2012-02-05T12:50:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-06T12:26:20.841-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Beukelaer'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Marketing'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Kitchen'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s Food'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Food'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>Marketing &amp; Cooking &amp; a little Religion in 1500s Europe - Joachim Beuckelaer c 1534-1574</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpflzD6hqI/AAAAAAAAgl0/TTEbdADDUc4/s1600/1%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BA%2BVegetable%2BMarket%2B1567.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560361792908723874" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpflzD6hqI/AAAAAAAAgl0/TTEbdADDUc4/s400/1%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BA%2BVegetable%2BMarket%2B1567.jpg" style="display: block; height: 276px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) A Vegetable Market 1567&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) was the nephew &amp;amp; pupil of artist Pieter Aertsen, who also specialised in market scenes &amp;amp; genre paintings. He, too,&amp;nbsp;responded to the growing demand of a prosperous merchants who wished to decorate their houses with works that reflected the secular character of their surroundings, while still reflecting a moral &amp;amp; religious significance.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpff0KTc4I/AAAAAAAAgls/RV2goSOfmS4/s1600/1a%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BVegetable%2BSeller.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560361690124743554" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpff0KTc4I/AAAAAAAAgls/RV2goSOfmS4/s400/1a%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BVegetable%2BSeller.jpg" style="display: block; height: 278px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) The Vegetable Seller&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6mNvAyjw6To/TzANJUU5EXI/AAAAAAAA204/a1R739Bo-RQ/s1600/2%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2B%2BVegetable%2BSeller.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-6mNvAyjw6To/TzANJUU5EXI/AAAAAAAA204/a1R739Bo-RQ/s640/2%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2B%2BVegetable%2BSeller.jpg" width="430" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) Vegetable Seller&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpfNr7gE1I/AAAAAAAAglc/fAsgp275xX4/s1600/3%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BMarket%2BScene%2B1563.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560361378677527378" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpfNr7gE1I/AAAAAAAAglc/fAsgp275xX4/s400/3%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BMarket%2BScene%2B1563.jpg" style="display: block; height: 272px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) Market Scene 1563&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpfFKenhMI/AAAAAAAAglU/MZQas9f7fA4/s1600/3a%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BWoman%2BSelling%2BVegetables.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560361232259056834" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpfFKenhMI/AAAAAAAAglU/MZQas9f7fA4/s400/3a%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BWoman%2BSelling%2BVegetables.jpg" style="display: block; height: 266px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) Woman Selling Vegetables&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0T3dFo6A_t8/TzAM7IzIL6I/AAAAAAAA20s/Pqc3btaxsZk/s1600/4%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BMarket%2BScene.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-0T3dFo6A_t8/TzAM7IzIL6I/AAAAAAAA20s/Pqc3btaxsZk/s640/4%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BMarket%2BScene.jpg" width="460" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) Market Scene&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpe31xZ38I/AAAAAAAAglE/e4KkYdv0Tkc/s1600/5%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BMarket%2BWoman%2Bwith%2BFruits%252C%2BVegetables%252C%2Band%2BPoultry.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560361003362410434" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpe31xZ38I/AAAAAAAAglE/e4KkYdv0Tkc/s400/5%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BMarket%2BWoman%2Bwith%2BFruits%252C%2BVegetables%252C%2Band%2BPoultry.jpg" style="display: block; height: 266px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) Market Woman with Fruits, Vegetables, and Poultry&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSperH2kshI/AAAAAAAAgk8/2qOpvfDshDs/s1600/5a%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BFour%2BElements%2BAir.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560360784877629970" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSperH2kshI/AAAAAAAAgk8/2qOpvfDshDs/s400/5a%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BFour%2BElements%2BAir.jpg" style="display: block; height: 294px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) The Four Elements Air&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Here&amp;nbsp;are a set of 4 pictures which take as their theme the four elements of "Earth," "Water," "Air" &amp;amp; "Fire."&amp;nbsp;Here, seductive representations of market produce for sale, meeting the most basic needs of all levels of society,&amp;nbsp;are combined with relevant Biblical episodes intended to meet the spiritual needs of the viewers. Beuckelaer's series of paintings are among the earliest fusions of these themes. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In "Air" different kinds of&amp;nbsp;small creatures&amp;nbsp;are offered for sale, some fowl still alive in large wicker baskets, others dead &amp;amp; ready for plucking. On the table in the foreground are rabbits, &amp;amp; to either side eggs in a basket &amp;amp; stacks of cheeses. But amid the tasks of everyday life, In the middle of the composition, at a distance, the Biblical prodigal son is shown leaning against a woman in a debauched manner. A reminder.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpekFhgVWI/AAAAAAAAgk0/uX26E4_ZtFg/s1600/5b%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BFour%2BElements%2BEarth.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560360663993308514" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpekFhgVWI/AAAAAAAAgk0/uX26E4_ZtFg/s400/5b%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BFour%2BElements%2BEarth.jpg" style="display: block; height: 291px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) The Four Elements Earth&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In "Earth" the artist depicts market&amp;nbsp;produce&amp;nbsp;in great abundance. There is a well nearby. Man's needs for food &amp;amp; water are well provided for here, in fact,&amp;nbsp;vegetables seem to&amp;nbsp;tumble toward the viewer. Sixteen different varieties of vegetables &amp;amp; fruit crowd the scene. The tiny figures of the Holy Family, probably on their flight to Egypt,&amp;nbsp;can be seen crossing a bridge in the far distance on the left. They go unnoticed by the market vendors, but the viewers are reminded that they are still there.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpedQvZNBI/AAAAAAAAgks/g1RBfXBsqNw/s1600/5c%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BFour%2BElements%2BWater.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560360546745267218" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpedQvZNBI/AAAAAAAAgks/g1RBfXBsqNw/s400/5c%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BFour%2BElements%2BWater.jpg" style="display: block; height: 292px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) The Four Elements Water&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In "Water," the artist &amp;amp; his vendors offer many varieties of fish to the viewer. The direct gaze of the stall holders is&amp;nbsp;almost confrontive. They know what you want, &amp;amp; they can supply your physical needs. Also unsettling is Beuckelaer's use of steep perspective framing the street vista to the left. It draws the viewers attention to&amp;nbsp;the central arch where Christ is&amp;nbsp;appearing to the disciples for the 3rd time after his Resurrection, to perform the miracle by which fish appear in hitherto empty nets. All of this to remind the viewer of who really provides&amp;nbsp;earth's bounty&amp;nbsp;&amp;amp; at what a great price.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpeVP8tyTI/AAAAAAAAgkk/JF2RYfWP0pY/s1600/5d%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BFour%2BElements%2BFire%2B1569.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560360409093753138" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpeVP8tyTI/AAAAAAAAgkk/JF2RYfWP0pY/s400/5d%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BFour%2BElements%2BFire%2B1569.jpg" style="display: block; height: 292px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) The Four Elements Fire 1569 (Christ in the House of Martha and Mary)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fire combines haunches of meat &amp;amp; poultry being prepared for cooking on the fire beyond with a dramatic use of perspective constructions involving multiple vanishing points. Beyond the kitchen, Christ is shown  with Martha and Mary. One should never be so intently focused on daily routines to forget to listen to the word.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nbUg8q_WFIM/TzAMhCFXlNI/AAAAAAAA20g/WyPXqUQ2QUw/s1600/6%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BCook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-nbUg8q_WFIM/TzAMhCFXlNI/AAAAAAAA20g/WyPXqUQ2QUw/s640/6%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BCook.jpg" width="464" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) The Cook&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpeHs9uW5I/AAAAAAAAgkU/2V4kKgl_Fx0/s1600/7%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BWell-Stocked%2BKitchen.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560360176364444562" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpeHs9uW5I/AAAAAAAAgkU/2V4kKgl_Fx0/s400/7%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BThe%2BWell-Stocked%2BKitchen.jpg" style="display: block; height: 300px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 432px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) The well-stocked kitchen, with Jesus in the house of Martha and Mary in the background&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpd_EF0zlI/AAAAAAAAgkM/s_UNpH0dFVE/s1600/8%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BKitchen%2BInterior%2B1560s.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560360027953614418" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpd_EF0zlI/AAAAAAAAgkM/s_UNpH0dFVE/s400/8%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BKitchen%2BInterior%2B1560s.jpg" style="display: block; height: 307px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) Kitchen Interior 1560s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ywGr17o_qC0/TytB7EKdYBI/AAAAAAAA2XQ/AIVNB8khmd0/s1600/mary.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="279" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ywGr17o_qC0/TytB7EKdYBI/AAAAAAAA2XQ/AIVNB8khmd0/s400/mary.png" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Joachim Beuckelaer (Flemish painter c 1534-c 1574) Christ in the House of Martha and Mary&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It is speculated that Jesus' visit to the house of Martha &amp;amp; Mary illustrated one of the fundamental differences opposing Catholics &amp;amp; Protestants in the Flemish world at this time in history.&amp;nbsp;The busy Martha believed that working hard to&amp;nbsp;meet all of the physical needs of&amp;nbsp;her guest Jesus would please him.&amp;nbsp;She probably represents the Protestant side of the religious debates of the time.&amp;nbsp;Mary just sat and listened to his every word, obviously placing a higher value&amp;nbsp;on the contemplative life, representing the more traditional Catholic views. Here the artist relegates the teaching of the divine word to the back of the painting, devoting the entire foreground to an active, everyday life in&amp;nbsp;a genre scene. The image with its moral &amp;amp; symbolic content reminds the viewer to balance the excesses of the everyday world &amp;amp; the teachings of the Bible.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6148029449790204790?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6148029449790204790/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/01/finding-cooking-food-in-16th-century.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6148029449790204790'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6148029449790204790'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/01/finding-cooking-food-in-16th-century.html' title='Marketing &amp; Cooking &amp; a little Religion in 1500s Europe - Joachim Beuckelaer c 1534-1574'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSpflzD6hqI/AAAAAAAAgl0/TTEbdADDUc4/s72-c/1%2BJoachim%2BBeukelaer%2B%2528Flemish%2Bpainter%2Bc%2B1534-c%2B1574%2529%2BA%2BVegetable%2BMarket%2B1567.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-4067164813127436622</id><published>2012-02-05T11:50:00.005-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-06T13:08:11.964-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Marketing'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Kitchen'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s Food'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Food'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Aertsen'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>Marketing &amp; Cooking &amp; a little Religion in 1500s Europe - Pieter Aertsen c 1508-1575</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYr5ykVOI/AAAAAAAAhjY/auQq6kYe7GM/s1600/1%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BMarket%2BWoman.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567179969398068450" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYr5ykVOI/AAAAAAAAhjY/auQq6kYe7GM/s400/1%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BMarket%2BWoman.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 398px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) Market Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYlkEcitI/AAAAAAAAhjQ/RJO5oPpndi0/s1600/2%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BThe%2BCook.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567179860488260306" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYlkEcitI/AAAAAAAAhjQ/RJO5oPpndi0/s400/2%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BThe%2BCook.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 254px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) The Cook&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYfp-N7nI/AAAAAAAAhjI/E5zHSaGUS90/s1600/3%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BMarket%2BScene.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567179758993534578" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYfp-N7nI/AAAAAAAAhjI/E5zHSaGUS90/s400/3%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BMarket%2BScene.jpg" style="display: block; height: 310px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) Market Scene&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYXyIhM6I/AAAAAAAAhjA/CdRZer8eSE8/s1600/4%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BMartha%2BPreparing%2BDinner.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567179623745270690" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYXyIhM6I/AAAAAAAAhjA/CdRZer8eSE8/s400/4%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BMartha%2BPreparing%2BDinner.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 282px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) Martha Preparing Dinner&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYN-L7JsI/AAAAAAAAhi4/8yFMtFrLFjM/s1600/5%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BPreparations%2Bfor%2Ba%2BFeast%2B1550.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567179455182087874" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYN-L7JsI/AAAAAAAAhi4/8yFMtFrLFjM/s400/5%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BPreparations%2Bfor%2Ba%2BFeast%2B1550.jpg" style="display: block; height: 301px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) Preparations for a Feast 1550&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYG40O2HI/AAAAAAAAhiw/mnUXOeeZfY8/s1600/6%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BKitchen%2BMaid%2Bin%2Ban%2BInterior.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567179333481453682" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYG40O2HI/AAAAAAAAhiw/mnUXOeeZfY8/s400/6%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BKitchen%2BMaid%2Bin%2Ban%2BInterior.jpg" style="display: block; height: 439px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 231px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) Kitchen Maid in an Interior&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYAajZ5cI/AAAAAAAAhio/0C41uqluM18/s1600/7%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BThe%2BButcher%2527s%2BStall.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567179222278596034" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYAajZ5cI/AAAAAAAAhio/0C41uqluM18/s400/7%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BThe%2BButcher%2527s%2BStall.jpg" style="display: block; height: 293px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) The Butcher's Stall&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKX3UM1VmI/AAAAAAAAhig/TRAEEoF9FRQ/s1600/8%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BA%2BCook.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" height="640" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567179065954489954" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKX3UM1VmI/AAAAAAAAhig/TRAEEoF9FRQ/s640/8%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BA%2BCook.jpg" style="display: block; height: 435px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 237px;" width="348" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) A Cook&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKXxEnXc3I/AAAAAAAAhiY/8FwfxF2JW1E/s1600/9%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2B%2BKitchen.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #339999;"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5567178958691595122" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKXxEnXc3I/AAAAAAAAhiY/8FwfxF2JW1E/s400/9%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2B%2BKitchen.jpg" style="display: block; height: 259px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) Kitchen&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OR71tAxiiWQ/TysZAPkiIAI/AAAAAAAA2Wg/7HbnxWe4ji4/s1600/Pieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Netherlandish%2Bartist%2529%2BThe%2BEgg%2BDance%2B1522.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="194" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-OR71tAxiiWQ/TysZAPkiIAI/AAAAAAAA2Wg/7HbnxWe4ji4/s400/Pieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Netherlandish%2Bartist%2529%2BThe%2BEgg%2BDance%2B1522.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) The Egg Dance&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9YIAwpuihOI/Tys4LX07zeI/AAAAAAAA2XE/EQR02B--mik/s1600/Pieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2B%2BMerry%2BCompany.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="276" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9YIAwpuihOI/Tys4LX07zeI/AAAAAAAA2XE/EQR02B--mik/s400/Pieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2B%2BMerry%2BCompany.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575)  Merry Company&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: large;"&gt;And a little religion...&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PVP6KL1oF9I/Tys3efjfk0I/AAAAAAAA2Ws/qJ7XZ-ID00k/s1600/Pieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2B%2BChrist%2Bat%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="247" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-PVP6KL1oF9I/Tys3efjfk0I/AAAAAAAA2Ws/qJ7XZ-ID00k/s400/Pieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2B%2BChrist%2Bat%2Bthe%2BHouse%2Bof%2BMartha%2Band%2BMary.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) Christ at the House of Martha and Mary&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;There is much more to Aertsen than women dressed in red standing by the kitchen fireplace preparing food. The market &amp;amp; kitchen scenes painted by Aertsen frequently form a visual foil&amp;nbsp;for a biblical subject in the background &amp;amp; suggest a deliberate contrast between the physical &amp;amp; the spiritual.  In the Bible, sisters Mary &amp;amp; Martha are described by both Luke &amp;amp; John as friends of Jesus. Luke's story is still the cause of much debate &amp;amp; discussion today.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The story goes that after a day of preaching to the people, Jesus arrived in Bethany, a town not far from Jerusalem, where Martha welcomed him into her home. Her adoring sister Mary sat at the Lord's feet &amp;amp; listened to what he was saying. But Martha was distracted by her many tasks; so she came to him &amp;amp; asked, "Lord, do you not care that my sister has left me to do all the work by myself? Tell her then to help me." But the Lord answered her, "Martha, Martha, you are worried &amp;amp; distracted by many things; there is need of only one thing. Mary has chosen the better part, which will not be taken away from her" (Luke 10:38-42).&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Some speculate that this subject seems more popular among early Flemish artists than Dutch, possibly owing to the religious connotations. To some, religious differences between the Catholics &amp;amp; the Protestants seemed inherent in the story. Catholics were thought to place a greater value on the contemplative life, &amp;amp; Protestants were thought to seek salvation through action.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-cM9FGsWH8XQ/Tys3vwVxSEI/AAAAAAAA2W4/NqtNEEi6NH8/s1600/Pieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2B%2BChrist%2Band%2Bthe%2BAdultress.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="264" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-cM9FGsWH8XQ/Tys3vwVxSEI/AAAAAAAA2W4/NqtNEEi6NH8/s400/Pieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2B%2BChrist%2Band%2Bthe%2BAdultress.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Pieter Aertsen (Dutch Northern Renaissance Painter, c 1508-1575) Christ and the Adultress&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In these last 2 paintings, Pieter Aertsen puts the Biblical stories of Mary &amp;amp; Martha &amp;amp; of the adulteress in the background of the painting. He draws the viewers' attention to the everyday dining &amp;amp; market scenes in the foreground.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The people at the market &amp;amp; the dinner celebration wear 16th century clothes. All sorts of common products are on on the table &amp;amp; offered for sale at the market: eggs, fruit, vegetables, poultry, bread &amp;amp; pottery.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The groups portrayed with Jesus wear clothes, which people in the 16th-century thought were common during Jesus' lifetime. In the painting about the adultress, a woman who has been accused of adultery is brought before Jesus. When pushed by the entitiled priests to punish the woman, he replies with "he who is without sin, cast the first stone." The self-important scribes &amp;amp; Pharisees then leave. The woman &amp;amp; the common folk stay, while Jesus continues his teaching by talking &amp;amp; writing in the sand.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-4067164813127436622?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/4067164813127436622/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/01/finding-cooking-food-in-16th-century_28.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4067164813127436622'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4067164813127436622'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/01/finding-cooking-food-in-16th-century_28.html' title='Marketing &amp; Cooking &amp; a little Religion in 1500s Europe - Pieter Aertsen c 1508-1575'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TUKYr5ykVOI/AAAAAAAAhjY/auQq6kYe7GM/s72-c/1%2BPieter%2BAertsen%2B%2528Dutch%2BNorthern%2BRenaissance%2BPainter%252C%2Bc%2B1508-1575%2529%2BMarket%2BWoman.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-4256723331315287299</id><published>2012-02-05T08:12:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T08:31:45.905-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Society'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Revolution'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Coffee Tales'/><title type='text'>Coffee Tales - Coffee Houses in America &amp; scarce coffee during in the American Revolution</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-n3NcLxMfOr0/Ty60CQKbkYI/AAAAAAAA2sc/-4gGs5ll9og/s1600/Paul%2BRevere%2BCoffee%2BPot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-n3NcLxMfOr0/Ty60CQKbkYI/AAAAAAAA2sc/-4gGs5ll9og/s400/Paul%2BRevere%2BCoffee%2BPot.jpg" width="345" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paul Revere Coffee Pot&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The gentle "ladies" of Boston, staged a &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"Coffee Party"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in 1777, reminiscent of the&amp;nbsp;earlier Boston Tea Party of 1773. The town's women confronted a profiteering hoarder of foodstuffs confiscating some of his stock of coffee, according to a letter from Abigail Adams to her husband, who would become the 2nd president of the United States.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MOo4lqLC6NQ/Txt_d6PUOkI/AAAAAAAA02Q/HsJChSYD7-E/s1600/untitled.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MOo4lqLC6NQ/Txt_d6PUOkI/AAAAAAAA02Q/HsJChSYD7-E/s640/untitled.jpg" width="414" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Abigail Adams by Benjamin Blythe, 1766.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Writing from Boston, on July 31, 1777, Abigail Adams wrote to her husband John, away attending the Continental Congress in Philadelphia,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"There is a great scarcity of sugar and coffee, articles which the female part of the state is very loath to give up, especially whilst they consider the great scarcity occasioned by the merchants having secreted a large quantity. It is rumored that an eminent stingy merchant, who is a bachelor, had a hogshead of coffee in his store, which he refused to sell under 6 shillings per pound.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"A number of females—some say a hundred, some say more—assembled with a cart and trunk, marched down to the warehouse, and demanded the keys.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"Upon his finding no quarter, he delivered the keys, and they then opened the warehouse, hoisted out the coffee themselves, put it into a trunk, and drove off. A large concourse of men stood amazed, silent spectators of the whole transaction."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Coffee had been popular in Boston for over a century, when the Revolutionary women of the town became patriotically incensed. Dorothy Jones had been issued a license to sell coffee in Boston in 1670. &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;“Mrs. Dorothy Jones, the wife of Mr. Morgan Jones, is approved of to keepe a house of publique Entertainment for the selling of Coffee &amp;amp; Chochaletto.”&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; The last renewal of Mrs. Jones's license was in April 1674, at which time she was accorded the additional privilege of selling &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;''cider &amp;amp; wine."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; Morgan Jones was a minister &amp;amp; schoolmaster who moved from colony to colony frequently, leaving Dorothy Jones to make her own way financially.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xc4YnqAUI/AAAAAAAAM9Q/ecpKk0dXdUM/s1600-h/London+Coffee+House+17th+cent.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5430317374453186882" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xc4YnqAUI/AAAAAAAAM9Q/ecpKk0dXdUM/s400/London+Coffee+House+17th+cent.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 258px;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;17th-century London Coffee House&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;One of the earliest references to coffee in the American colonies was in 1668, when a beverage made from the roasted beans flavored with sugar or honey, and cinnamon, was being drunk in New York, usually at breakfast. Soon after the introduction of the coffee drink into the New England, New York, Maryland, &amp;amp; Pennsylvania colonies, trading began in the raw product. William Penn noted buying his green coffee supplies in the New York market in 1683, paying for them at the rate of 18 shillings &amp;amp; nine pence per pound.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xchSnBkoI/AAAAAAAAM8w/JOc0dQmmkkE/s1600-h/1674+Charles+II+Coffee+House.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5430316977702933122" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xchSnBkoI/AAAAAAAAM8w/JOc0dQmmkkE/s400/1674+Charles+II+Coffee+House.jpg" style="display: block; height: 295px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;1674 London Coffee House&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Soon coffee houses patterned after English &amp;amp; Continental prototypes were established in the colonies, quickly becoming centers of social, political &amp;amp; business interactions. Among the earlist were &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;London C&lt;/strong&gt;offee House&lt;/span&gt; in Boston, in 1689; the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;King's Arms&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in New York in 1696; and &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ye&lt;/strong&gt; Coffee House&lt;/span&gt; in Philadelphia in 1700.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;After the Welsh gentlewoman Dorothy Jones opened her 1670 Boston coffee &amp;amp; chocolate establishment, the next colonial coffee house may have been in Maryland. In St. Mary's City, Maryland, the 1698 will of Garrett Van Sweringen, bequeaths to his son, Joseph, &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"ye Council Rooms and Coffee House and land thereto belonging,"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; which Van Sweringen had opened in 1677.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Coffee Houses in Early Boston&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The name coffee house did not come into use in New England, until late in the 17th century. The &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;London&lt;/strong&gt; Coffee House&lt;/span&gt; and the &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gutteridge C&lt;/strong&gt;offee House&lt;/span&gt; were among the first opened in Boston. The latter stood on the north side of State Street, between Exchange and Washington Streets, and was named after Robert Gutteridge, who took out an innkeeper's license in 1691. Twenty-seven years later, his widow, Mary Gutteridge, petitioned the town for a renewal of her late husband's permit to keep a public coffee house.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Boston's &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;British Coffee House&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; whose named changed to the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;American Coffee House&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; during the pre-Revolutionary period, also appeared about the time Gutteridge took out his license. It stood on the site that is now 66 State Street, and became one of the most widely known coffee houses in colonial New England.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Crown Coffee House&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; opened in 1711 and burned down in 1780. There were inns and taverns in existence in Boston long before coffee &amp;amp; coffee houses. Many of these taverns added coffee for patrons who did not care for the stronger spirits.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In the last quarter of the 17th century, quite a number of taverns and inns sprang up in Boston. Among the most notable were the&lt;strong&gt; &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;King's Head&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; (1691), at the corner of Fleet and North Streets; the &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Indian Queen&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(1673), on a passageway leading from Washington Street to Hawley Street; the &lt;strong&gt;Sun&lt;/strong&gt; (1690-1902), in Faneuil Hall Square; and the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Green Dragon&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;, which became one of the most celebrated coffee house &amp;amp; taverns, serving ale, beer, coffee, tea, and more ardent spirits. In the colonies, there was not always a clear distinction between a coffee house and a tavern.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xvp7j48GI/AAAAAAAAM9o/uTY1iAXb9as/s1600-h/Green+Dragon.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5430338016855519330" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xvp7j48GI/AAAAAAAAM9o/uTY1iAXb9as/s400/Green+Dragon.jpg" style="display: block; height: 270px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 430px;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Boston's Green Dragon&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Green Dragon&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; stood on Union Street, in the heart of the town's business center, for 135 years, from 1697 to 1832, and figured in practically all important local and national events during its long career. In the words of Daniel Webster (1782-1852), this famous coffee-house tavern was the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"headquarters of the Revolution."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; John Adams, James Otis, and Paul Revere met there to discuss securing freedom for the American colonies. The old tavern was a two-storied brick structure with a sharply pitched roof. Over its entrance hung a sign bearing the figure of a green dragon.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bunch of Grapes&lt;/strong&gt;,&lt;/span&gt; that Francis Holmes presided over as early as 1712, was another hot-bed of politicians. This coffee house became the center of a rowsing celebration in 1776, when a delegate from Philadelphia read the Declaration of Independence from the balcony of the inn to the crowd assembled below. In the excitement that followed, the inn was nearly destroyed, when one celebrant built a bonfire too close to its walls.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;By the beginning of the 18th century, the title of coffee house was applied to a number of new establishments in Boston. One of these was the&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Crown,&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt; which was opened in the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"first house on Long Wharf"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; in 1711 by Jonathan Belcher, who later became governor of Massachusetts, and then New Jersey. The first landlord of the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Crown&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;was Thomas Selby, who also used it as an auction room. The &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Crown&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; stood until 1780, when it was destroyed in a fire that swept the Long Wharf.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Another early Boston coffee house on State Street was the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Royal Exchange&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;. It occupied a two-story building, and was kept in 1711, by Benjamin Johns. This coffee house became the starting place for stage coaches running between Boston and New York, in 1772. In the &lt;em&gt;Columbian Centinel&lt;/em&gt; of January 1, 1800, appeared an advertisement in which it was said: &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"New York and Providence Mail Stage leaves Major Hatches' Royal Exchange Coffee House in State Street every morning at 8 o'clock."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; In the latter half of the 18th century, the North-End coffee house in a 3 storey 1740 brick mansion, stood on the west side of North Street, between Sun Court and Fleet Street. One contemporary noted that it had forty-five windows and was valued at $4,500. During the Revolution, it featured&lt;strong&gt; &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"dinners and suppers—small and retired rooms for small company—oyster suppers in the nicest manner."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;  Boston coffee-houses reached the height of popularity in 1808, when the doors of the &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Exchange Coffee House&lt;/span&gt; were thrown open after 3 years of building. It was the most ambitious coffee-house project the new nation would know. Built of stone, marble, and brick, it stood seven stories high, and cost a half-million dollars. Charles Bulfinch, one of America's most noted architects of that period, was the designer.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xvedifLII/AAAAAAAAM9Y/0xS7ZsfE1M4/s1600-h/Boston%27s+Exchange+Coffee+House+from+History+of+Boston+1828.jpg"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5430337819818011778" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xvedifLII/AAAAAAAAM9Y/0xS7ZsfE1M4/s400/Boston%27s+Exchange+Coffee+House+from+History+of+Boston+1828.jpg" style="display: block; height: 289px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 424px;" /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boston's Exchange Coffee House from &lt;em&gt;History of Boston &lt;/em&gt;published in 1828&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;It was patterned after Lloyd's of London, and was the center of marine intelligence in Boston, and its public rooms were thronged all day and evening with mariners, naval officers, ship and insurance brokers, who had come to talk shop or to consult the records of ship arrivals and departures, manifests, charters, and other marine papers.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The first floor of the &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Exchange&lt;/span&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;was devoted to trading. On the next floor was the large dining room, where many banquets were given, notably one honoring President Monroe in July, 1817, which was attended by former President John Adams, and many generals, commodores, governors, and judges. The other floors offered sleeping rooms, of which there were more than 200.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Exchange&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;Coffee House&lt;/span&gt; was destroyed by fire in 1818; and on its site was erected another, bearing the same name but having slight resemblance to its predecessor.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xvkHHbEBI/AAAAAAAAM9g/Vg_FNk4dlks/s1600-h/ExchangeCoffeeHouse_caNov_1818_Boston.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5430337916878131218" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/S1xvkHHbEBI/AAAAAAAAM9g/Vg_FNk4dlks/s400/ExchangeCoffeeHouse_caNov_1818_Boston.jpg" style="display: block; height: 358px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 400px;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The War of 1812 put a temporary damper on the popularity of coffee. When the cost of the War of 1812 made necessary more revenue, imports of coffee were taxed ten cents a pound. A war-time fever of speculation in tea and coffee followed, and by 1814 prices to the consumer had advanced to such an extent (coffee was 45 cents a pound) that the citizens of Philadelphia formed a non-consumption association, each member pledging himself &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"not to pay more than 25 cents a pound for coffee and not to consume tea that wasn't already in the country."&lt;/span&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; The war was just a temporary blip in the popularity of coffee in America. Per-capita consumption grew to 3 pounds a year in 1830, 5 1/2 pounds by 1850, and 8 pounds by 1859. By the 1870s, coffee had become an indispensable beverage for Americans, who consumed 6 times as much as most Europeans.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Coffee"&gt;For more early morning coffee tales, click here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-4256723331315287299?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/4256723331315287299/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/01/coffee-houses-american-revolution.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4256723331315287299'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4256723331315287299'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/01/coffee-houses-american-revolution.html' title='Coffee Tales - Coffee Houses in America &amp; scarce coffee during in the American Revolution'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-n3NcLxMfOr0/Ty60CQKbkYI/AAAAAAAA2sc/-4gGs5ll9og/s72-c/Paul%2BRevere%2BCoffee%2BPot.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-7229039613877372170</id><published>2012-02-05T05:56:00.000-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-05T05:56:00.809-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Madonna + Child'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Master AB'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>Madonna &amp; Child by Master AB of the 1500s German School.</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-o4BgY5dQVMs/TynDVeHDS6I/AAAAAAAA2N4/ArT_OaZA5uI/s1600/Master%2BAB%2BGerman%2BSchool%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2Bc%2B1530.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-o4BgY5dQVMs/TynDVeHDS6I/AAAAAAAA2N4/ArT_OaZA5uI/s400/Master%2BAB%2BGerman%2BSchool%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2Bc%2B1530.jpg" width="376" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Master AB German School Adoration of the Magi c 1530&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZdCpzrYbOGQ/TynDqMGzoDI/AAAAAAAA2OE/s9bwFD_kTs0/s1600/Master%2BAB%2BGerman%2BSchool%2BFlight%2Binto%2BEgypt%2Bc%2B1530.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-ZdCpzrYbOGQ/TynDqMGzoDI/AAAAAAAA2OE/s9bwFD_kTs0/s400/Master%2BAB%2BGerman%2BSchool%2BFlight%2Binto%2BEgypt%2Bc%2B1530.jpg" width="371" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Master AB German School Flight into Egypt c 1530&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-s6x8ccK5lpY/TynDx1gJb-I/AAAAAAAA2OQ/XhAVYHR4tUg/s1600/Master%2BAB%2BGerman%2BSchool%2BThe%2BBirth%2Bof%2BJesus%2Bc%2B1530.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-s6x8ccK5lpY/TynDx1gJb-I/AAAAAAAA2OQ/XhAVYHR4tUg/s400/Master%2BAB%2BGerman%2BSchool%2BThe%2BBirth%2Bof%2BJesus%2Bc%2B1530.jpg" width="354" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Master AB German School The Birth of Jesus c 1530&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this blog, I try to begin each day with a painting of the Madonna &amp;amp; Child. It centers me; connects me to the past; &amp;amp; encourages me to post some of the religious paintings which were the core of early Western art. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Madonna%20%2B%20Child"&gt;Click here for other Madonna images from this blog.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-7229039613877372170?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/7229039613877372170/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-by-master-ab-of-1500s.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/7229039613877372170'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/7229039613877372170'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-by-master-ab-of-1500s.html' title='Madonna &amp; Child by Master AB of the 1500s German School.'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-o4BgY5dQVMs/TynDVeHDS6I/AAAAAAAA2N4/ArT_OaZA5uI/s72-c/Master%2BAB%2BGerman%2BSchool%2BAdoration%2Bof%2Bthe%2BMagi%2Bc%2B1530.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-2772475520497002919</id><published>2012-02-04T19:22:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-04T21:26:05.066-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Weir'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1800-1900s American Art'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Author Klink'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Flowers + Gardens'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Poetry'/><title type='text'>A Poem for You</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSrB0H7X46I/AAAAAAAAgos/6IqBNDSD3-o/s1600/Julian%2BAlden%2BWeir%2B%2528American%2Bpainter%252C%2B1852-1919%2529%2BThe%2BOrchid%2B1891.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" border="0" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5560469791167734690" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSrB0H7X46I/AAAAAAAAgos/6IqBNDSD3-o/s400/Julian%2BAlden%2BWeir%2B%2528American%2Bpainter%252C%2B1852-1919%2529%2BThe%2BOrchid%2B1891.jpg" style="display: block; height: 400px; margin: 0px auto 10px; text-align: center; width: 330px;" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;Julian Alden Weir (American painter, 1852-1919) The Orchid 1891&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pericardium&lt;/strong&gt; by Joanna Klink&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Am I not alone, as I thought I was, as I thought&lt;br /&gt;The day was, the hour I walked into, morning&lt;br /&gt;When I felt night fly from my chest where prospect had&lt;br /&gt;Slackened, and close itself off, understanding, as I thought I did,&lt;br /&gt;That the ground would resist my legs and not let them&lt;br /&gt;Break nor let them be released into air as my heart, in its&lt;br /&gt;Muscle, might be released from the body that surrounds it,&lt;br /&gt;Like someone who, placing a hand on a shoulder's&lt;br /&gt;Blade, felt a life move inside an hour and a day&lt;br /&gt;Break from the day the hour meant something more than weakness,&lt;br /&gt;More than fear, and flew forward into the depths of&lt;br /&gt;Prospect, your arms, where you'd been, before me, waiting&lt;br /&gt;For me, the way the body has always been waiting for the heart to sense&lt;br /&gt;It is housed, it is needed, it will not be harmed.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 85%;"&gt;About the Author&lt;br /&gt;Joanna Klink is the author of three books of poetry, &lt;em&gt;They Are Sleeping, Circadian&lt;/em&gt;, &amp;amp; &lt;em&gt;Raptus&lt;/em&gt;. Her work has appeared in the &lt;em&gt;Chicago Review, Boston Review&lt;/em&gt;, and other journals. Klink taught in the M.F.A. Program at the University of Montana for seven years &amp;amp; is a recipient of a Rona Jaffe Writer's Award. She is currently teaching at Harvard University. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-2772475520497002919?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/2772475520497002919/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/01/especially-for-you.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2772475520497002919'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2772475520497002919'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2011/01/especially-for-you.html' title='A Poem for You'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_CvDCiEFbNy8/TSrB0H7X46I/AAAAAAAAgos/6IqBNDSD3-o/s72-c/Julian%2BAlden%2BWeir%2B%2528American%2Bpainter%252C%2B1852-1919%2529%2BThe%2BOrchid%2B1891.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-638951773819464360</id><published>2012-02-04T16:00:00.010-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-04T19:22:53.909-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tea'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1900s'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Artist Cadell'/><title type='text'>Relax &amp; have some tea...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-G-ixBaF-kYY/Ty2pdVnh_3I/AAAAAAAA2qc/y7oh__rXvcY/s1600/Francis%2BCampbell%2BBoileau%2BCadell%2B%2528Scottish%252C%2B1883-1937%2529%2BRoses.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-G-ixBaF-kYY/Ty2pdVnh_3I/AAAAAAAA2qc/y7oh__rXvcY/s400/Francis%2BCampbell%2BBoileau%2BCadell%2B%2528Scottish%252C%2B1883-1937%2529%2BRoses.jpg" width="328" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Francis Campbell Boileau Cadell (Scottish, 1883-1937) Roses&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;To a philosopher all news, as it is called, is gossip, and they who edit and read it are old women over their tea.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;br /&gt;Henry David Thoreau American author 1817-1862&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lj6F8vCdFYQ/Ty2gvMda2FI/AAAAAAAA2pE/HckW2agSNsU/s1600/thoreau-410x520.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Lj6F8vCdFYQ/Ty2gvMda2FI/AAAAAAAA2pE/HckW2agSNsU/s320/thoreau-410x520.jpg" width="252" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Henry David Thoreau&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Tea"&gt;Click here for more tea stories &amp;amp; tea pots.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-638951773819464360?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/638951773819464360/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_04.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/638951773819464360'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/638951773819464360'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_04.html' title='Relax &amp; have some tea...'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-G-ixBaF-kYY/Ty2pdVnh_3I/AAAAAAAA2qc/y7oh__rXvcY/s72-c/Francis%2BCampbell%2BBoileau%2BCadell%2B%2528Scottish%252C%2B1883-1937%2529%2BRoses.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6850140117230794380</id><published>2012-02-04T08:31:00.001-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-04T11:06:56.772-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Veronese'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>1500s Women by Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) 1528-1588</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xkHDXU50t68/Tyy7815fEqI/AAAAAAAA2dQ/bbjncwNi36s/s1600/1p%2B1560s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xkHDXU50t68/Tyy7815fEqI/AAAAAAAA2dQ/bbjncwNi36s/s640/1p%2B1560s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg" width="441" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560s Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588)  Portrait of a Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-n91M48Yo06Q/Tyy8Dtk4D9I/AAAAAAAA2dc/G1ZHBCEucJk/s1600/2%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BIsabella%2BGuerrieri%2BGonzaga%2BCanossa%2B1547.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-n91M48Yo06Q/Tyy8Dtk4D9I/AAAAAAAA2dc/G1ZHBCEucJk/s640/2%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BIsabella%2BGuerrieri%2BGonzaga%2BCanossa%2B1547.jpg" width="536" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Isabella Guerrieri Gonzaga Canossa 1547&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RsyASJ9w6dI/Tyy8KRp11kI/AAAAAAAA2do/_mVvp42M2K8/s1600/3p%2B1570s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BVenetian%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-RsyASJ9w6dI/Tyy8KRp11kI/AAAAAAAA2do/_mVvp42M2K8/s640/3p%2B1570s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BVenetian%2BWoman.jpg" width="532" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1570s Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Portrait of a Venetian Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oI1hSj7phc8/Tyy8Tk4J_MI/AAAAAAAA2d0/QIsmwELOp4A/s1600/4%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2B1560s%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2Bknown%2Bas%2BCountess%2BNani%2Bor%2BLa.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-oI1hSj7phc8/Tyy8Tk4J_MI/AAAAAAAA2d0/QIsmwELOp4A/s640/4%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2B1560s%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2Bknown%2Bas%2BCountess%2BNani%2Bor%2BLa.jpg" width="481" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588)   1560s Portrait of a Woman known as Countess Nani&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5BN1MwpoNtM/Tyy8cWDmT3I/AAAAAAAA2eA/IpDH2ooZiIo/s1600/4a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BLady%2Bor%2BSaint%2BAgnes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-5BN1MwpoNtM/Tyy8cWDmT3I/AAAAAAAA2eA/IpDH2ooZiIo/s640/4a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BLady%2Bor%2BSaint%2BAgnes.jpg" width="532" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Lady or Saint Agnes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Eqgz7bF-k5I/Tyy8lBtMALI/AAAAAAAA2eM/TDCJ7h-qFnU/s1600/5p%2B1580%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2B%2BLivia%2BColonna.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Eqgz7bF-k5I/Tyy8lBtMALI/AAAAAAAA2eM/TDCJ7h-qFnU/s640/5p%2B1580%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2B%2BLivia%2BColonna.jpg" width="528" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1580 Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Livia Colonna&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-zEk7ZBbpjtQ/Tyy8vxXl0qI/AAAAAAAA2eY/8y4VCdbLaBQ/s1600/6p%2B1570s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BGentlewoman%2Band%2BGentleman.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="396" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-zEk7ZBbpjtQ/Tyy8vxXl0qI/AAAAAAAA2eY/8y4VCdbLaBQ/s400/6p%2B1570s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BGentlewoman%2Band%2BGentleman.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1570s Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Portrait of a Gentlewoman and Gentleman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UkTe2DQ76wc/Tyy9CHQJc_I/AAAAAAAA2ew/LL2nI3BYMX8/s1600/7%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2BA%2BVenetian%2BWoman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-UkTe2DQ76wc/Tyy9CHQJc_I/AAAAAAAA2ew/LL2nI3BYMX8/s640/7%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2BA%2BVenetian%2BWoman.jpg" width="532" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) A Venetian Woman&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-U-OzH41yAC8/Tyy9Lri_aPI/AAAAAAAA2e8/3hioni6IRE0/s1600/8%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BOlivia%2Bda%2BPorto%2BThiene%2Band%2Bher%2Bdaughter%2BPorzia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-U-OzH41yAC8/Tyy9Lri_aPI/AAAAAAAA2e8/3hioni6IRE0/s640/8%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BOlivia%2Bda%2BPorto%2BThiene%2Band%2Bher%2Bdaughter%2BPorzia.jpg" width="372" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Olivia da Porto Thiene and her daughter Porzia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qB3yoTvLwsM/Tyy9UjQC03I/AAAAAAAA2fI/JV_FKccyyWU/s1600/9p%2B1560s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bwith%2Ba%2BDog.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-qB3yoTvLwsM/Tyy9UjQC03I/AAAAAAAA2fI/JV_FKccyyWU/s640/9p%2B1560s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady%2Bwith%2Ba%2BDog.jpg" width="476" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1560s Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Portrait of a Lady with a Dog&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-caF4ZMIJkEs/Tyy9d3zJsMI/AAAAAAAA2fU/oiPuChdD-eM/s1600/10p%2B1580s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-caF4ZMIJkEs/Tyy9d3zJsMI/AAAAAAAA2fU/oiPuChdD-eM/s640/10p%2B1580s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BLady.jpg" width="513" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1580s Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Portrait of a Lady&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k1wtwjfoy8E/Tyy9nIVsbkI/AAAAAAAA2fg/XkCQfIK94fw/s1600/12%2B1550s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2BHolding%2BGloves.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-k1wtwjfoy8E/Tyy9nIVsbkI/AAAAAAAA2fg/XkCQfIK94fw/s640/12%2B1550s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman%2BHolding%2BGloves.jpg" width="446" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1550s Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Portrait of a Woman Holding Gloves&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_0tSYvyMYHY/Tyy9wF0EPMI/AAAAAAAA2fs/GOQcK5d0aQA/s1600/12a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2BLes%2BPelerins%2Bd%2527Emmaus%2Bpor%2BPaolo%2BCaliari.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="300" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-_0tSYvyMYHY/Tyy9wF0EPMI/AAAAAAAA2fs/GOQcK5d0aQA/s400/12a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2BLes%2BPelerins%2Bd%2527Emmaus%2Bpor%2BPaolo%2BCaliari.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Les Pelerins d'Emmaus por Paolo Caliari&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hrvi8_noJ0I/Tyy941YvABI/AAAAAAAA2f4/IY6GIP-r8bk/s1600/12a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2BSaint%2BCatherine%2Bof%2BAlexandria%2Bin%2BPrison.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Hrvi8_noJ0I/Tyy941YvABI/AAAAAAAA2f4/IY6GIP-r8bk/s640/12a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2BSaint%2BCatherine%2Bof%2BAlexandria%2Bin%2BPrison.jpg" width="462" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Saint Catherine of Alexandria in Prison&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mQ4xIBkiKsw/Tyy-ClC0BgI/AAAAAAAA2gE/SGP5gS3TI0A/s1600/14%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BLucretia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-mQ4xIBkiKsw/Tyy-ClC0BgI/AAAAAAAA2gE/SGP5gS3TI0A/s640/14%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BLucretia.jpg" width="536" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Lucretia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AJ1hECcKYu4/Tyy-LW4tc-I/AAAAAAAA2gQ/DuiYrw9OYXQ/s1600/14%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BThe%2BVision%2Bof%2BSt%2BHelena%2B1580.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-AJ1hECcKYu4/Tyy-LW4tc-I/AAAAAAAA2gQ/DuiYrw9OYXQ/s640/14%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BThe%2BVision%2Bof%2BSt%2BHelena%2B1580.jpg" width="520" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) The Vision of St Helena 1580&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bk12cpIv_dE/Tyy-U0cK-UI/AAAAAAAA2gc/Np9gyVIaSLM/s1600/15%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BJuno%2BShowering%2BGifts%2Bon%2BVenetia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-bk12cpIv_dE/Tyy-U0cK-UI/AAAAAAAA2gc/Np9gyVIaSLM/s640/15%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BJuno%2BShowering%2BGifts%2Bon%2BVenetia.jpg" width="260" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Juno Showering Gifts on Venetia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xgxCa6rDCJ0/Tyy-eBHQsuI/AAAAAAAA2go/9VfjDIiE5as/s1600/16%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BFigures%2Bbehind%2Bthe%2BParapet.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="341" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-xgxCa6rDCJ0/Tyy-eBHQsuI/AAAAAAAA2go/9VfjDIiE5as/s400/16%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BFigures%2Bbehind%2Bthe%2BParapet.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) ((Italian, 1528-1588) Figures behind the Parapet&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OJOkhhzalow/Tyy-mG-c06I/AAAAAAAA2g0/TIxDb-2pgIM/s1600/17a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BDiana.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-OJOkhhzalow/Tyy-mG-c06I/AAAAAAAA2g0/TIxDb-2pgIM/s640/17a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BDiana.jpg" width="424" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Diana&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-u5_6uAHBDRA/Tyy-vjcIv7I/AAAAAAAA2hA/gO4tQ5HqEU0/s1600/17a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BThe%2BTriumph%2Bof%2BVirtue%2Bover%2BVice.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-u5_6uAHBDRA/Tyy-vjcIv7I/AAAAAAAA2hA/gO4tQ5HqEU0/s640/17a%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BThe%2BTriumph%2Bof%2BVirtue%2Bover%2BVice.jpg" width="390" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) The Triumph of Virtue over Vice&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cibuyHtehO0/Tyy-5PRAoDI/AAAAAAAA2hM/-EIBi_l4S4A/s1600/17b%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BVenus%2Bwith%2Ba%2BMirror%2B%2528Venus%2Bat%2BHer%2BToilette%2529%252C%2Bmid%2B1580s..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cibuyHtehO0/Tyy-5PRAoDI/AAAAAAAA2hM/-EIBi_l4S4A/s640/17b%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BVenus%2Bwith%2Ba%2BMirror%2B%2528Venus%2Bat%2BHer%2BToilette%2529%252C%2Bmid%2B1580s..jpg" width="478" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Venus with a Mirror (Venus at Her Toilette), mid 1580s&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4-ZhXO8sj1U/Tyy_D6NEHPI/AAAAAAAA2hY/tQTj_Fm0-Is/s1600/17c%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BRepentant%2BMary%2BMadeleine%2B1560.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-4-ZhXO8sj1U/Tyy_D6NEHPI/AAAAAAAA2hY/tQTj_Fm0-Is/s640/17c%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BRepentant%2BMary%2BMadeleine%2B1560.jpg" width="510" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Repentant Mary Madeleine 1560&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-8Bt8DMaY984/Tyy_NEZsyCI/AAAAAAAA2hk/yz2h6XRtEpk/s1600/18p%2B1575Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BVeronica%2BFranco.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-8Bt8DMaY984/Tyy_NEZsyCI/AAAAAAAA2hk/yz2h6XRtEpk/s400/18p%2B1575Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2BVeronica%2BFranco.jpg" width="320" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1575 Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Portrait of Veronica Franco&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uchQel-QWMc/Tyy_WuvYT_I/AAAAAAAA2hw/ulWULAtNqhE/s1600/19p%2B1570s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BLavinia%2Bor%2BEmilia%2BVecellio.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uchQel-QWMc/Tyy_WuvYT_I/AAAAAAAA2hw/ulWULAtNqhE/s400/19p%2B1570s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BLavinia%2Bor%2BEmilia%2BVecellio.jpg" width="297" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;1570s Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) Lavinia or Emilia Vecellio&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6850140117230794380?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6850140117230794380/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/1500s-women-by-paolo-veronese-paolo.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6850140117230794380'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6850140117230794380'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/1500s-women-by-paolo-veronese-paolo.html' title='1500s Women by Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) 1528-1588'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-xkHDXU50t68/Tyy7815fEqI/AAAAAAAA2dQ/bbjncwNi36s/s72-c/1p%2B1560s%2BPaolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BPortrait%2Bof%2Ba%2BWoman.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6677414924381181197</id><published>2012-02-04T08:30:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-11T08:31:45.990-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Society'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Coffee Tales'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Their Own Words'/><title type='text'>Coffee Tales - + Sex - 1674 Women Against the All-Male Coffee-House Culture</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;This famous satirical petition was put forth in 1674, as a protest against the perceived ills of the all-male coffee house culture of England. I realize this is a 17th-century piece of Restoration Satire from London, but it is great fun and a little racy.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--17PJ8VOuFw/TxrB7QHwJBI/AAAAAAAA0yI/VhH3QBEVWVc/s1600/Troost%2BJan%2BScene%2Bin%2Ba%2BCoffee%2BShop%2Bat%2BThe%2BHermitage.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="215" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--17PJ8VOuFw/TxrB7QHwJBI/AAAAAAAA0yI/VhH3QBEVWVc/s400/Troost%2BJan%2BScene%2Bin%2Ba%2BCoffee%2BShop%2Bat%2BThe%2BHermitage.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Troost Jan Detail of Scene in a Coffee Shop at The Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232; font-size: large;"&gt;The Women's Petition Against Coffee&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Representing to Publick Consideration the Grand Inconveniencies accruing to their Sex from the Excessive Use of that drying, Enfeebling Liquor...By a Well-willer, London, Printed 1674.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;To the Right Honorable the Keepers of the Liberties of Venus; The Worshipful Court of Female Assistants, &amp;amp;c.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;The Humble Petitions and Address of Several Thousands of Buxome Good-Women, Languishing in Extremity of Want.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Sheweth, That since 'tis Reckon'd amongst the Glories of our Native Country, To be a Paradise for Women: The fame in our Apprehensions can consist in nothing more than the brisk Activity of our men, who in former Ages were justly esteemed the Ablest Performers in Christendome; But to our unspeakable Grief, we find of late a very sensible Decay of that true Old English Vigor; our Gallants being every way so Frenchified, that they are become meer Cock-sparrows, fluttering things that come on Sa sa, with a world of Fury, but are not able to stand to it, and in the very first Charge fall down flat before us.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Never did Men wear greater breeches, or carry less in them of any Mettle whatsoever. There was a glorious Dispensation ('twas surely in the Golden Age) when Lusty Ladds of Seven or eigh hundred years old, Got Sons and Daughters; ande we have read, how a Prince of Spain was forced to make a Law, that Men should not Repeat the Grand Kindness to their Wives, above NINE times a night; but Alas! Alas! Those forwards Days are gone, The dull Lubbers want a Spur now, rather than a Bridle: being so far from dowing any works of Supererregation that we find them not capable of performing those Devoirs which their Duty, and our Expectations Exact.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;The Occasion of which Insufferable Disaster, after a furious Enquiry, and Discussion of the Point by the Learned of the Faculty, we can Attribute to nothing more than the Excessive use of that Newfangled, Abominable, Heathenish Liquor called COFFEE, which Riffling Nature of her Choicest Treasures, and Drying up the Radical Moisture, has so Eunucht our Husbands, and Cripple our more kind Gallants, that they are become as Impotent as Age, and as unfruitful as those Desarts whence that unhappy Berry is said to be brought.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;For the continual flipping of this pitiful drink is enough to bewitch Men of two and twenty, and tie up the Codpiece-points without a Charm. It renders them that us it as Lean as Famine, as Rivvel'd as Envy, or an old meager Hagg over-ridden by an Incubus. They come from it with nothing moist but their snotty Noses, nothing stiffe but their Joints, nor standing but their Ears: They pretend 'twill keep them Waking, but we find by scurvy Experience, they sleep quietly enough after it. A Betrothed Queen might trust her self a bed with one of them, without the nice Caution of a sword between them: nor can call all the Art we use revive them from this Lethargy, so unfit they are for Action, that like young Train-band-men when called upon Duty, their Ammunition is wanting; peradventure they Present, but cannot give Fire, or at least do but flash in the Pan, instead of doing executions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Nor let any Doating, Superstitious Catos shake their Goatish Beards, and task us of Immodesty for this Declaration, since 'tis a publick Grievance, and cries aloud for Reformation. Weight and Measure, 'tis well known, should go throughout the world, and there is no torment like Famishment. Experience witnesses our Damage, and Necessity (which easily supersedes all the Laws of Decency) justifies our complaints: For can any Woman of Sense or Spirit endure with Patience, that when priviledg'd by Legal Ceremonies, she approaches the Nuptial Bed, expecting a Man that with Sprightly Embraces, should Answer the Vigour of her Flames, she on the contrary should only meat A Bedful of Bones, and hug a meager useless Corpse rendred as sapless as a Kixe, and dryer than a Pumice-Stone, by the perpetual Fumes of Tobacco, and bewitching effects of this most pernitious COFFEE, where by Nature is Enfeebled, the Off-spring of our Mighty Ancestors Dwindled into a Succession of Apes and Pigmies: and ---The Age of Man Now Cramp't into an Inch, that was a Span.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Nor is this (though more than enough!) All the ground of our Complaint: For besides, we have reason to apprehend and grow Jealous, That Men by frequenting these Stygian Tap-houses will usurp on our Prerogative of tattling, and soon learn to exceed us in Talkativeness: a Quality wherein our Sex has ever Claimed preheminence: For here like so many Frogs in a puddle, they sup muddy water, and murmur insignificant notes till half a dozen of them out-babble an equal number of us at a Gossipping, talking all at once in Confusion, and running f rom point to point as insensibly, and swiftly, as ever the Ingenous Pole-wheel could run divisions on the Base-viol; yet in all their prattle every one abounds in his own sense, as stiffly as a Quaker at the late Barbican Dispute, and submits to the Reasons of no othre mortal: so that there being neither Moderator nor Rules observ'd, you mas as soon fill a Quart pot with Syllogismes, as profit by their Discourses.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Certainly our Countrymens pallates are become as Fantastical as their Brains; how ellse is't possible they should Apostatize from the good old primitve way of Ale-drinking, to run a whoring after such variety of distructive Foreign Liquors, to trifle away their time, scald their Chops, and spend their Money, all for a little base, black, thick, nasty, bitter, stinking, nauseous Puddle-water: Yet (as all Witches have their Charms) so this ugly Turskish Enchantress by certain Invisible VVyres attracts both Rich and Poor; so that those that have scarece Twopence to buy their Children Bread, must spend a penny each evening in this Insipid Stuff: Nor can we send one of our Husbands to Call a Midwife, or borrow a Glister-pipe, but he must stay an hour by the way drinking his two Dishes, &amp;amp; two Pipes.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;At these Houses (as at the Springs in Afric) meet all sorts of Animals, whence follows the production of a thousand Monster Opinions and Absurdities; yet for being dangerous to Government, we dare to be their Compurgators, as well knowing them to be too tame and too talkative to make any desperate Politicians: For though they may now and then destroy a Fleet, or kill ten thousand of the French, more than all the Confederates can do, yet this is still in their politick Capacities, for by their personal valour they are scarce fit to be of the Life-guard to a Cherry-tree: and therefore, though they frequently have hot Contests about most Important Subjects; as what colour the Red Sea is of; whether the Great Turk be a Lutheran or a Calvinist; who Cain's Father in Law was, &amp;amp;c., yet they never fight about them with any other save our Weapon, the Tongue.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Some of our Sots pretend tippling of this boiled Soot cures them of being Drunk; but we have reason rather to conclude it makes them so, because we find them not able to stand after it: 'Tis at best but a kind of Earthing a Fox to hunt him more eagerly afterward: A rare method of good-husbandry, to enable a man to be drunk three times a day! Just such a Remedy for Drunkenness, as the Popes allowing of Stews, is a means to prevent Fornication:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;The Coffee-house being in truth, only a Pimp to the Tavern, a relishing fop prearative to a fresh debauch: For when people have swill'd themselves with a morning draught of more Ale than a Brewer's horse can carry, hither they come for a pennyworth of Settle-brain, where they are sure to meet enow lazy pragmatical Companions, that resort here to prattle of News, that they neither understand, nor are concerned in; and after an hours impertinent Chat, begin to consider a Bottle of Claret would do excellent well before Dinner; whereupon to the Bush they all march together, till every one of them is as Drunk as a Drum, and then back again to the Coffee-house to drink themselves sober; where three or four dishes a piece, and smoaking, makes their throats as dry as Mount Aetna enflam'd with Brimflame; for that they must away to the next Red Lattice to quenc them with a dozen or two of Ale, which at last growing nauseous, one of them begins to extol the blood of the Grape, what rare Langoon, and Racy Canary may be had at the Miter:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Saist thou so? cries another, Let's then go and replenish there, with our Earthen Vessels: So once more they troop to the Sack-shop till they are drunker than before; and then by a retrograde motion, stagger back to Soberize themselves with Coffee: thus like Tennis Balls between two Rackets, the Fopps our Husbands are bandied to and fro all day between the Coffee-house and Tavern, whilst we poor souls sit mopeing all alone till Twelve at night, and when at last they come to bed finoakt like a Westphalia Hogs-head we have no more comfort of them, than from a shotten Herring or a dried Bulrush; which forces us to take up this Lamentation and sing,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Tom Farthing, Tom Farthing, where has thou been, Tom Farthing?&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Twelve a Clock e're you come in, Two a clock ere you begin, And&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;then at last can do nothing: Would make a Woman weary, weary,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;weary, would make a Woman weary, &amp;amp;c.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;Wherefore the Premises considered, and to the end that our Just Rights may be restored, and all the Ancient Priviledges of our Sex preserved inviolable; That our Husbands may give us some other Testimonial of their being Men, besides their Beards and wearing of empty Pantaloons: That they no more run the hazard of being Cuckol'd by Dildo's: But returning to the good old strengthening Liquors of our Forefathers; that Natures Exchequer may once again be replenisht, and a Race of Lusty Here's begot, able by their Atchievements, to equal the Glories of our Ancesters.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;We Humbly Pray, That you our Trusty Patrons would improve your Interest, that henceforth the Drinking COFFEE may on severe penalties be forbidden to all Persons under the Age of Threescore; and that instead thereof, Lusty nappy Beer, Cock-Ale, Cordial Canaries, Restoring Malago's, and Back-recruiting Chochole be Recommended to General Use, throughout the Utopian Territories.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #ffd966;"&gt;In hopes of which Glorious Reformation, your Petitioners shall readily Prostrate themselves, and ever Pray, &amp;amp;c. FINIS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Coffee"&gt;For more early morning coffee tales, click here.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6677414924381181197?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6677414924381181197/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/01/coffee-sex-1674-women-against-all-male.html#comment-form' title='1 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6677414924381181197'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6677414924381181197'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/01/coffee-sex-1674-women-against-all-male.html' title='Coffee Tales - + Sex - 1674 Women Against the All-Male Coffee-House Culture'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://2.bp.blogspot.com/--17PJ8VOuFw/TxrB7QHwJBI/AAAAAAAA0yI/VhH3QBEVWVc/s72-c/Troost%2BJan%2BScene%2Bin%2Ba%2BCoffee%2BShop%2Bat%2BThe%2BHermitage.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>1</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-6014575496510015367</id><published>2012-02-04T06:00:00.007-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-04T08:30:06.139-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Uncommon Grace'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Motherhood'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Madonna + Child'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Religion'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Veronese'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1500s'/><title type='text'>Madonna &amp; Child - Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) 1528-1588</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-x3uuC83OJhM/Tyyy2nMn0DI/AAAAAAAA2cs/4Ep03v2QE-E/s1600/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily%2Bwith%2BSt%2BBarbara%2Band%2Bthe%2BInfant%2BSt%2BJohn.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="321" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-x3uuC83OJhM/Tyyy2nMn0DI/AAAAAAAA2cs/4Ep03v2QE-E/s400/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily%2Bwith%2BSt%2BBarbara%2Band%2Bthe%2BInfant%2BSt%2BJohn.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) The Holy Family with St Barbara and the Infant St John&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-MNKCcSv1Q1w/Tyyy9rZ1a_I/AAAAAAAA2c4/7BpTRV0ENjM/s1600/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B-The%2BHolyt%2BFamily%2B%2528Madonna%2BDella%2BPappa%2529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="365" src="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-MNKCcSv1Q1w/Tyyy9rZ1a_I/AAAAAAAA2c4/7BpTRV0ENjM/s400/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B-The%2BHolyt%2BFamily%2B%2528Madonna%2BDella%2BPappa%2529.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) -The Holyt Family (Madonna Della Pappa)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uxHETwywkj0/TyyzFAPOliI/AAAAAAAA2dE/BNmfxgBMZKU/s1600/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily%2Bwith%2BSt%2BCatherine%2Band%2Bthe%2BInfant%2BSt%2BJohn.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="320" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-uxHETwywkj0/TyyzFAPOliI/AAAAAAAA2dE/BNmfxgBMZKU/s400/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily%2Bwith%2BSt%2BCatherine%2Band%2Bthe%2BInfant%2BSt%2BJohn.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) (Italian, 1528-1588) The Holy Family with St Catherine and the Infant St John&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-2LkVlWCQa-E/TyzAlgnXw0I/AAAAAAAA2h8/uehoTR5rcmI/s1600/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BVirgin%2Band%2BChild%2Bwith%2BAngels%2BAppearing%2Bto%2BSaint%2BAnthony%2BAbbot%2Band%2BSaint%2BPaul%2Bthe%2BHermit%252C%2B1562..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="640" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-2LkVlWCQa-E/TyzAlgnXw0I/AAAAAAAA2h8/uehoTR5rcmI/s640/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2BVirgin%2Band%2BChild%2Bwith%2BAngels%2BAppearing%2Bto%2BSaint%2BAnthony%2BAbbot%2Band%2BSaint%2BPaul%2Bthe%2BHermit%252C%2B1562..jpg" width="374" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) ((Italian, 1528-1588)  Virgin and Child with Angels Appearing to Saint Anthony Abbot and Saint Paul the Hermit, 1562.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5Y90PSs5M_Y/TyzAtOUCvsI/AAAAAAAA2iI/tjS6QVh0hjE/s1600/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BRest%2Bon%2Bthe%2BFlight%2Bto%2BEgypt.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="249" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-5Y90PSs5M_Y/TyzAtOUCvsI/AAAAAAAA2iI/tjS6QVh0hjE/s400/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BRest%2Bon%2Bthe%2BFlight%2Bto%2BEgypt.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) ((Italian, 1528-1588)  (Italian, 1528-1588) Rest on the Flight to Egypt&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In this blog, I try to begin each day with a painting of the Madonna &amp;amp; Child. It centers me; connects me to the past; &amp;amp; encourages me to post some of the religious paintings which were the core of early Western art. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Madonna%20%2B%20Child"&gt;Click here for other Madonna images from this blog.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #663300;"&gt;. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-6014575496510015367?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/6014575496510015367/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-paolo-veronese-paolo.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6014575496510015367'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/6014575496510015367'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/madonna-child-paolo-veronese-paolo.html' title='Madonna &amp; Child - Paolo Veronese (Paolo Caliari) 1528-1588'/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-x3uuC83OJhM/Tyyy2nMn0DI/AAAAAAAA2cs/4Ep03v2QE-E/s72-c/Paolo%2BVeronese%2B%2528Paolo%2BCaliari%2529%2B%2528%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2B%2B%2528Italian%252C%2B1528-1588%2529%2BThe%2BHoly%2BFamily%2Bwith%2BSt%2BBarbara%2Band%2Bthe%2BInfant%2BSt%2BJohn.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-2635956240435696660</id><published>2012-02-03T21:56:00.002-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-03T21:56:59.312-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Creatures'/><title type='text'></title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YZDMf0Xb62M/TyyeXW2lDGI/AAAAAAAA2cg/lEQDUFqexn0/s1600/umnbg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="301" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YZDMf0Xb62M/TyyeXW2lDGI/AAAAAAAA2cg/lEQDUFqexn0/s400/umnbg.jpg" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-2635956240435696660?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/2635956240435696660/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/blog-post.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2635956240435696660'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/2635956240435696660'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/blog-post.html' title=''/><author><name>Barbara</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/15277378178650355645</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:image rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#thumbnail' width='28' height='32' src='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY448USw4oA/TX2SY2-WAwI/AAAAAAAAkOQ/zQ-PqWnu4rA/s220/Jonathan_Adams_Bartlett_%2528American_artist%252C_1817-1902%2529_Portrait_of_Harriet_c_1840.jpg'/></author><media:thumbnail xmlns:media='http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/' url='http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-YZDMf0Xb62M/TyyeXW2lDGI/AAAAAAAA2cg/lEQDUFqexn0/s72-c/umnbg.jpg' height='72' width='72'/><thr:total>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-626694073067733055.post-4982535551563499487</id><published>2012-02-03T16:00:00.009-05:00</published><updated>2012-02-03T19:46:25.709-05:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Tea'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='A Chippendale'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='1700s'/><title type='text'>Relax &amp; have some tea...</title><content type='html'>&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8oYWw8lo25M/TxbrIVVmoEI/AAAAAAAA0ns/DahgmmaXrEs/s1600/t3.bmp" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="314" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8oYWw8lo25M/TxbrIVVmoEI/AAAAAAAA0ns/DahgmmaXrEs/s400/t3.bmp" width="400" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Eighteenth century English cabinetmaker Thomas Chippendale 1718-1779, published many designs for small tables that&lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt; "may be used as Tea Tables"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; He added &lt;strong&gt;&lt;span style="color: #f1c232;"&gt;"they looked very well when rightly executed."&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-llytH6XgnyA/TywN5-4RGfI/AAAAAAAA2cU/48NqnSpGALQ/s1600/20tha-century-copy-Chippendale-Style-tea-table.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-llytH6XgnyA/TywN5-4RGfI/AAAAAAAA2cU/48NqnSpGALQ/s400/20tha-century-copy-Chippendale-Style-tea-table.jpg" width="347" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Tea tables often had a top not unlike a shallow tea tray surrounded by a rim, sometimes&amp;nbsp;of Chinese style fretwork, to prevent the cups &amp;amp; saucers from sliding off.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Au9cgbrFMcQ/TywKswtNxHI/AAAAAAAA2b8/v3_-uIU_Wg8/s1600/Statue%2Bof%2BThomas%2BChippendale%2Bat%2Bhis%2Bbirthtown%2Bof%2BOtley%2Bnear%2BLeeds%2Bin%2B1718..jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="400" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-Au9cgbrFMcQ/TywKswtNxHI/AAAAAAAA2b8/v3_-uIU_Wg8/s400/Statue%2Bof%2BThomas%2BChippendale%2Bat%2Bhis%2Bbirthtown%2Bof%2BOtley%2Bnear%2BLeeds%2Bin%2B1718..jpg" width="295" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;Statue of Thomas Chippendale at his birthtown of Otley near Leeds in 1718.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-6s94JXwz4ng/TywK1eKT99I/AAAAAAAA2cI/vsHpGdka00s/s1600/91667619_Kg3slnSP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"&gt;&lt;img border="0" height="175" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-6s94JXwz4ng/TywK1eKT99I/AAAAAAAA2cI/vsHpGdka00s/s200/91667619_Kg3slnSP.jpg" width="200" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://bjws.blogspot.com/search/label/Tea"&gt;Click here for more tea stories &amp;amp; tea pots.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span style="color: #4c1130;"&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/626694073067733055-4982535551563499487?l=bjws.blogspot.com' alt='' /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/feeds/4982535551563499487/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='http://bjws.blogspot.com/2012/02/relax-have-some-tea_03.html#comment-form' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/626694073067733055/posts/default/4982535551563499487'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.bl
