Women of Summer by Spaniard Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida 1863-1923

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Beneath the Canopy 1910

Duncan Phillips, one of the founders of The Phillips Collection, visited Sorolla in Madrid around 1910. He published his article Sorolla: the Painter of Sunlight in 1913. "At his best Sorolla combines truth and beauty in a very exceptional way. His distinctive achievement is the effect of sunlight on white - white skin, white sails, white dresses, white walls. His whites are never twice alike, but they speak vividly of various sorts of surfaces and edges...from Monet or from experience he has learned that a slight mixture with pure white pigment of yellow or vermilion for parts in light, and of violet or blue for parts in shadow, will produce the illusion of air that sparkles with sunbeams."

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Clotilde and Elena on the Rocks at Javea 1905

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Clotilde 1891

Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Clotilde at the Beach 1904

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Fishing Nets 1893

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Girl with Flowers

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) In the Garden 1896

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Italian Girl with Flowers

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Lighthouse Walk at Biarritz 1906

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Maria at la Granja

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Maria at the Beach Biarritz 1906

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Maria Painting in el Pardo 1907

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Mending the Sails 1896

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) My Wife and Daughters

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Promenade by the Sea 1909

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Shell in Javea 1900

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Snapshot at Biarritz 1906

 Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida (Spanish artist, 1863-1923) Under the Parasol, Zarauz, 1910''

Biography of Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida (1863-1923)

Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida, born in1863, in Valencia, Spain, emerged as one of Spain's most celebrated painters of that period. Renowned for his mastery of light, color, & depiction of everyday life, Sorolla’s work traverses various genres, including landscapes, seascapes, portraits, & social scenes. His artistic style evolved from early Realism to a distinctive form of Impressionism, characterized by vibrant, luminous scenes set against the Mediterranean coast. 

Sorolla was orphaned at a young age & raised by his aunt & uncle. His artistic talent became evident early in life, & by the age of 15, he began formal art studies at the Academy of San Carlos in Valencia. After completing his studies, Sorolla traveled to Madrid, where he diligently copied works in the Prado Museum, particularly those of Velázquez & El Greco.

In 1885, Sorolla received a grant to study in Rome, where he spent 4 years refining his craft. During this period, he traveled up to Paris, where he was deeply influenced by the French Impressionists. Sorolla is best known for his vibrant depictions of sun-drenched landscapes & seascapes, where he captured the moody brilliance of the Mediterranean sun & the fluid reflection of water with unparalleled vision & skill.

In 1888, Sorolla married Clotilde García del Castillo, the daughter of a prominent photographer. Clotilde became his muse, appearing in many of his portraits, & the couple had three children. Sorolla’s family life was a central theme in his work, with his children frequently depicted in his paintings, often painting them in intimate & joyful settings.

In the latter part of his career, Sorolla continued to produce works celebrating light, nature, & the vibrancy of life. In 1920, he suffered a stroke ending his active career. He died in Madrid in1923. His ability to capture the essence of Spanish culture, the breathtaking beauty of the Mediterranean, & the subtleties of light earned him the title "Master of Light." 

Bibliography

Books:

Barón, Javier. Sorolla: The Masterworks. Skira Rizzoli, 2019.

Benedetti, María López Fernández, & Francisco Pons-Sorolla. Sorolla: A Vision of Spain. Instituto de Cultura Fundación MAPFRE, 2007.

Mena Marqués, Manuela B. Joaquín Sorolla 1863-1923. Museo Nacional del Prado, 2009.

Mendelson, Jordana, & Blanca Pons-Sorolla. Sorolla & America. Ediciones El Viso, 2014.

Pons-Sorolla, Blanca. Joaquín Sorolla. Polígrafa, 2001.

Articles:

Barón, Javier. "Joaquín Sorolla & His World." Apollo: The International Art Magazine, vol. 169, no. 567, 2009, pp. 18-26.

Blanco, Antonio Muñoz. "Sorolla, the Painter of Light." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 136, no. 1098, 1994, pp. 252-259.

Cohen, Sarah. "The Mediterranean Vision of Joaquín Sorolla: Light, Landscape, & Identity." Art History, vol. 32, no. 4, 2009, pp. 545-567.

Llorens, Tomás. "Sorolla & the Spanish Realist Tradition." The Art Bulletin, vol. 79, no. 3, 1997, pp. 451-468.

Pons-Sorolla, Blanca. "Sorolla: Portraits of Family & Friends." Journal of Art Historiography, vol. 12, 2015, pp. 89-107.

19C Women in Gardens with Parasols - American

Frederick Frieseke (1874-1939) Woman with a Garden Parasol, c. 1906

Biography of Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939)

Frederick Carl Frieseke, born on April 7, 1874, in Owosso, Michigan, became one of the prominent figures in American Impressionism. After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago & the Art Students League of New York, Frieseke moved to Paris in 1898 to further his training. He studied at the Académie Julian & the Académie Carmen under James McNeill Whistler, whose emphasis on color & light profoundly influenced his work.

Frieseke settled in Giverny, France, in 1906, where he became closely associated with the American expatriate art colony. His work during this period, characterized by a focus on light, color, & the depiction of women in domestic & outdoor settings, gained widespread acclaim. Frieseke’s paintings often featured serene, & sun-dappled gardens rendered with a soft, harmonious palette.

Throughout his career, Frieseke exhibited widely in both Europe & the United States, earning numerous awards & honors. Although he spent much of his career in France, his work remained influential in the United States. Frederick Carl Frieseke passed away on August 24, 1939, in Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy, France, as one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Henry. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Evolution of an American Impressionist. Telfair Museum of Art, 2001.

Booth, James, & Larkin, Susan. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Painter as Poet. Hudson Hills Press, 1998.

Chotner, Deborah. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Gerdts, William H., & Hiesinger, Ulrich W. Impressionism Abroad: Boston & American Expatriate Painters. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Mathews, Nancy Mowll. Moving Pictures: American Art & Early Film, 1880-1910. Hudson Hills Press, 2005.

Vose, Marcia. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Light Within. Vose Galleries, 1986.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. The American Pupils of Jean-Léon Gérôme. Garland Publishing, 1984.

Articles:

Caldwell, Martha. "A Light Among the Impressionists: The Art of Frederick Carl Frieseke." Smithsonian Studies in American Art, vol. 9, no. 2, 2003, pp. 68-85.

Evans, Helen. "Frieseke in Giverny: A Study of Light & Color." The Art Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 4, 2001, pp. 602-618.

Hiesinger, Ulrich W. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: An American in Giverny." American Art Review, vol. 12, no. 3, 2000, pp. 110-121.

Johnston, Kimberly. "Women & Domesticity in the Work of Frederick Carl Frieseke." American Art Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, 2005, pp. 14-29.

Owens, Gwendolyn. "Frederick Carl Frieseke & the Art of Intimacy." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 143, no. 1184, 2001, pp. 46-53.

Taylor, Kimberly A. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: Impressionism & the Aesthetic of Pleasure." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 41, no. 2, 2002, pp. 22-38.

Tovey, Frank. "Frederick Carl Frieseke’s Aesthetic Vision: American & French Influences." American Art Review, vol. 15, no. 4, 2008, pp. 40-57.

Wilkin, Karen. "Frieseke’s French Connection: American Impressionism Revisited." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 162, no. 5, 2003, pp. 194-203.

19C Women in Gardens with Parasols - American

Frederick Frieseke (1874-1939) The Pink Garden Parasol 1913

Biography of Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939)

Frederick Carl Frieseke, born on April 7, 1874, in Owosso, Michigan, became one of the prominent figures in American Impressionism. After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago & the Art Students League of New York, Frieseke moved to Paris in 1898 to further his training. He studied at the Académie Julian & the Académie Carmen under James McNeill Whistler, whose emphasis on color & light profoundly influenced his work.

Frieseke settled in Giverny, France, in 1906, where he became closely associated with the American expatriate art colony. His work during this period, characterized by a focus on light, color, & the depiction of women in domestic & outdoor settings, gained widespread acclaim. Frieseke’s paintings often featured serene, & sun-dappled gardens rendered with a soft, harmonious palette.

Throughout his career, Frieseke exhibited widely in both Europe & the United States, earning numerous awards & honors. Although he spent much of his career in France, his work remained influential in the United States. Frederick Carl Frieseke passed away on August 24, 1939, in Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy, France, as one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Henry. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Evolution of an American Impressionist. Telfair Museum of Art, 2001.

Booth, James, & Larkin, Susan. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Painter as Poet. Hudson Hills Press, 1998.

Chotner, Deborah. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Gerdts, William H., & Hiesinger, Ulrich W. Impressionism Abroad: Boston & American Expatriate Painters. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Mathews, Nancy Mowll. Moving Pictures: American Art & Early Film, 1880-1910. Hudson Hills Press, 2005.

Vose, Marcia. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Light Within. Vose Galleries, 1986.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. The American Pupils of Jean-Léon Gérôme. Garland Publishing, 1984.

Articles:

Caldwell, Martha. "A Light Among the Impressionists: The Art of Frederick Carl Frieseke." Smithsonian Studies in American Art, vol. 9, no. 2, 2003, pp. 68-85.

Evans, Helen. "Frieseke in Giverny: A Study of Light & Color." The Art Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 4, 2001, pp. 602-618.

Hiesinger, Ulrich W. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: An American in Giverny." American Art Review, vol. 12, no. 3, 2000, pp. 110-121.

Johnston, Kimberly. "Women & Domesticity in the Work of Frederick Carl Frieseke." American Art Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, 2005, pp. 14-29.

Owens, Gwendolyn. "Frederick Carl Frieseke & the Art of Intimacy." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 143, no. 1184, 2001, pp. 46-53.

Taylor, Kimberly A. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: Impressionism & the Aesthetic of Pleasure." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 41, no. 2, 2002, pp. 22-38.

Tovey, Frank. "Frederick Carl Frieseke’s Aesthetic Vision: American & French Influences." American Art Review, vol. 15, no. 4, 2008, pp. 40-57.

Wilkin, Karen. "Frieseke’s French Connection: American Impressionism Revisited." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 162, no. 5, 2003, pp. 194-203.

19C Women in Gardens - American Frederick Childe Hassam (1859-1935).

Frederick Childe Hassam (1859-1935). Poppies on the Isles of Shoals, Maine.

Biography of Frederick Childe Hassam (1859-1935)

Frederick Childe Hassam, born on October 17, 1859, in Dorchester, Massachusetts, became one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters. Hassam began his career as a draftsman & illustrator, but he soon transitioned to painting, studying at the Boston Art Club & then at the Académie Julian in Paris. His time in France from 1886 to 1889 deeply influenced his style, which merged American realism with French Impressionism.

Hassam returned to the United States & settled in New York City, where he became a leading figure in the American Impressionist movement. He co-founded the group known as "The Ten American Painters" in 1898, advocating for Impressionism in the U.S. His works often depicted urban scenes, landscapes, & coastal views, characterized by their vibrant light, color, & brushwork.

Hassam gained significant recognition for his "Flag Series," painted during World War I, which symbolized American patriotism. Over his career, he produced over 3,000 works, including oil paintings, watercolors, & prints. He died on August 27, 1935, in East Hampton, New York, leaving behind a legacy that continues to influence American art.

Bibliography

Books:

Broun, Elizabeth. Childe Hassam: Impressionist. Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994.

Cortissoz, Royal. Childe Hassam. Scribner’s Sons, 1913.

Gerdts, William H. Childe Hassam: Impressionist of the Cities. Abbeville Press, 1994.

Pisano, Ronald G. The Complete Catalogue of Known & Documented Work by Frederick Childe Hassam (1859-1935). New York: American Art Association, 1992.

Tarbell, Roberta K. Childe Hassam's New York. Museum of the City of New York, 1993.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. Childe Hassam: American Impressionist. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2004.

Articles:

Adelson, Warren. "Hassam & the Flag Paintings of World War I." The American Art Journal, vol. 14, no. 2, 1982, pp. 4-30.

Bauer, Peter. "Hassam’s Vision of America: The Artist’s Role in Shaping National Identity." American Art, vol. 25, no. 3, 2011, pp. 32-50.

Cikovsky, Nicolai Jr. "Childe Hassam’s Urban Modernity." Art in America, vol. 92, no. 5, 2004, pp. 85-91.

Howat, John K. "The American Flag in Childe Hassam’s Work: Symbolism & Patriotism." American Art Review, vol. 5, no. 3, 1993, pp. 68-85.

Taylor, Alex. "Monet, Hassam, and the Aesthetics of American Impressionism." The Art Bulletin, vol. 94, no. 4, 2012, pp. 573-595.

Wilkin, Karen. "Childe Hassam & the American Impressionists." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 128, no. 1000, 1986, pp. 761-764.

Zilczer, Judith. "Childe Hassam: An American Impressionist." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 24, no. 1, 1984, pp. 6-23.

19C Women in Gardens with Parasols - American Artist

 

Frederick Frieseke (1874-1939) Woman with a Parasol Promenades in the Garden

Biography of Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939)

Frederick Carl Frieseke, born on April 7, 1874, in Owosso, Michigan, became one of the prominent figures in American Impressionism. After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago & the Art Students League of New York, Frieseke moved to Paris in 1898 to further his training. He studied at the Académie Julian & the Académie Carmen under James McNeill Whistler, whose emphasis on color & light profoundly influenced his work.

Frieseke settled in Giverny, France, in 1906, where he became closely associated with the American expatriate art colony. His work during this period, characterized by a focus on light, color, & the depiction of women in domestic & outdoor settings, gained widespread acclaim. Frieseke’s paintings often featured serene, & sun-dappled gardens rendered with a soft, harmonious palette.

Throughout his career, Frieseke exhibited widely in both Europe & the United States, earning numerous awards & honors. Although he spent much of his career in France, his work remained influential in the United States. Frederick Carl Frieseke passed away on August 24, 1939, in Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy, France, as one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Henry. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Evolution of an American Impressionist. Telfair Museum of Art, 2001.

Booth, James, & Larkin, Susan. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Painter as Poet. Hudson Hills Press, 1998.

Chotner, Deborah. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Gerdts, William H., & Hiesinger, Ulrich W. Impressionism Abroad: Boston & American Expatriate Painters. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Mathews, Nancy Mowll. Moving Pictures: American Art & Early Film, 1880-1910. Hudson Hills Press, 2005.

Vose, Marcia. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Light Within. Vose Galleries, 1986.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. The American Pupils of Jean-Léon Gérôme. Garland Publishing, 1984.

Articles:

Caldwell, Martha. "A Light Among the Impressionists: The Art of Frederick Carl Frieseke." Smithsonian Studies in American Art, vol. 9, no. 2, 2003, pp. 68-85.

Evans, Helen. "Frieseke in Giverny: A Study of Light & Color." The Art Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 4, 2001, pp. 602-618.

Hiesinger, Ulrich W. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: An American in Giverny." American Art Review, vol. 12, no. 3, 2000, pp. 110-121.

Johnston, Kimberly. "Women & Domesticity in the Work of Frederick Carl Frieseke." American Art Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, 2005, pp. 14-29.

Owens, Gwendolyn. "Frederick Carl Frieseke & the Art of Intimacy." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 143, no. 1184, 2001, pp. 46-53.

Taylor, Kimberly A. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: Impressionism & the Aesthetic of Pleasure." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 41, no. 2, 2002, pp. 22-38.

Tovey, Frank. "Frederick Carl Frieseke’s Aesthetic Vision: American & French Influences." American Art Review, vol. 15, no. 4, 2008, pp. 40-57.

Wilkin, Karen. "Frieseke’s French Connection: American Impressionism Revisited." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 162, no. 5, 2003, pp. 194-203.

Women with Flowers - American Artist

 

Frederick Frieseke (1874-1939)

Biography of Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939)

Frederick Carl Frieseke, born on April 7, 1874, in Owosso, Michigan, became one of the prominent figures in American Impressionism. After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago & the Art Students League of New York, Frieseke moved to Paris in 1898 to further his training. He studied at the Académie Julian & the Académie Carmen under James McNeill Whistler, whose emphasis on color & light profoundly influenced his work.

Frieseke settled in Giverny, France, in 1906, where he became closely associated with the American expatriate art colony. His work during this period, characterized by a focus on light, color, & the depiction of women in domestic & outdoor settings, gained widespread acclaim. Frieseke’s paintings often featured serene, & sun-dappled gardens rendered with a soft, harmonious palette.

Throughout his career, Frieseke exhibited widely in both Europe & the United States, earning numerous awards & honors. Although he spent much of his career in France, his work remained influential in the United States. Frederick Carl Frieseke passed away on August 24, 1939, in Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy, France, as one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Henry. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Evolution of an American Impressionist. Telfair Museum of Art, 2001.

Booth, James, & Larkin, Susan. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Painter as Poet. Hudson Hills Press, 1998.

Chotner, Deborah. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Gerdts, William H., & Hiesinger, Ulrich W. Impressionism Abroad: Boston & American Expatriate Painters. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Mathews, Nancy Mowll. Moving Pictures: American Art & Early Film, 1880-1910. Hudson Hills Press, 2005.

Vose, Marcia. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Light Within. Vose Galleries, 1986.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. The American Pupils of Jean-Léon Gérôme. Garland Publishing, 1984.

Articles:

Caldwell, Martha. "A Light Among the Impressionists: The Art of Frederick Carl Frieseke." Smithsonian Studies in American Art, vol. 9, no. 2, 2003, pp. 68-85.

Evans, Helen. "Frieseke in Giverny: A Study of Light & Color." The Art Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 4, 2001, pp. 602-618.

Hiesinger, Ulrich W. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: An American in Giverny." American Art Review, vol. 12, no. 3, 2000, pp. 110-121.

Johnston, Kimberly. "Women & Domesticity in the Work of Frederick Carl Frieseke." American Art Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, 2005, pp. 14-29.

Owens, Gwendolyn. "Frederick Carl Frieseke & the Art of Intimacy." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 143, no. 1184, 2001, pp. 46-53.

Taylor, Kimberly A. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: Impressionism & the Aesthetic of Pleasure." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 41, no. 2, 2002, pp. 22-38.

Tovey, Frank. "Frederick Carl Frieseke’s Aesthetic Vision: American & French Influences." American Art Review, vol. 15, no. 4, 2008, pp. 40-57.

Wilkin, Karen. "Frieseke’s French Connection: American Impressionism Revisited." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 162, no. 5, 2003, pp. 194-203.

19C Women in Gardens - American

 

Abbott Fuller Graves (American painter) 1859 - 1936 Morning n the Garden

Biography of Abbott Fuller Graves (1859-1936)

Abbott Fuller Graves, born on April 15, 1859, in Weymouth, Massachusetts, known for his vibrant floral compositions & detailed architectural scenes. Graves initially trained as a horticulturist, a background that deeply influenced his artistic focus on flowers & garden settings. His formal art education began at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology & continued in Paris at the Académie Julian, where he absorbed the techniques of French Impressionism, which significantly shaped his style.

Graves specialized in floral still lifes & garden scenes, celebrated for their rich color, intricate detail, & strong sense of light. Throughout his career, Graves exhibited at major venues such as the Paris Salon, the National Academy of Design in New York, & the Art Institute of Chicago.

Graves played a significant role in the American art community as a teacher in Boston. He influenced many students with his knowledge of both horticulture & art. He continued to paint & exhibit until his death on July 15, 1936, in Kennebunkport, Maine. 

Bibliography

Books:

Falk, Peter Hastings. Who Was Who in American Art: 1564-1975. Sound View Press, 1999.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 1984.

Porter, Dean A. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Reed, Walt. The Illustrator in America, 1880-1980. Madison Square Press, 1984.

Articles:

Dearinger, David B. "Abbott Fuller Graves: Painter of Flowers & Rustic Architecture." American Art Review, vol. 16, no. 1, 2004, pp. 108-115.

Gerdts, William H. "The Lost Garden: Abbott Fuller Graves & His Boston School Connections." The Boston Art Club Journal, vol. 9, no. 2, 1995, pp. 45-53.

Murray, Ruth. "Horticulture in Art: The Floral Paintings of Abbott Fuller Graves." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 144, no. 4, 1993, pp. 224-230.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. "American Impressionists Abroad & at Home: Paintings from the Collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art." The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, vol. 54, no. 3, 1997, pp. 22-25.

19C Women in Gardens - American

 

Daniel Ridgway Knight (American painter) 1839 - 1924 A Moment's Pause

19C Women & Gardens - American Artist

 

Frederick Frieseke (American artist, 1874-1939)  Lady with a Garden Parasol 

Biography of Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939)

Frederick Carl Frieseke, born on April 7, 1874, in Owosso, Michigan, became one of the prominent figures in American Impressionism. After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago & the Art Students League of New York, Frieseke moved to Paris in 1898 to further his training. He studied at the Académie Julian & the Académie Carmen under James McNeill Whistler, whose emphasis on color & light profoundly influenced his work.

Frieseke settled in Giverny, France, in 1906, where he became closely associated with the American expatriate art colony. His work during this period, characterized by a focus on light, color, & the depiction of women in domestic & outdoor settings, gained widespread acclaim. Frieseke’s paintings often featured serene, & sun-dappled gardens rendered with a soft, harmonious palette.

Throughout his career, Frieseke exhibited widely in both Europe & the United States, earning numerous awards & honors. Although he spent much of his career in France, his work remained influential in the United States. Frederick Carl Frieseke passed away on August 24, 1939, in Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy, France, as one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Henry. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Evolution of an American Impressionist. Telfair Museum of Art, 2001.

Booth, James, & Larkin, Susan. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Painter as Poet. Hudson Hills Press, 1998.

Chotner, Deborah. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Gerdts, William H., & Hiesinger, Ulrich W. Impressionism Abroad: Boston & American Expatriate Painters. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Mathews, Nancy Mowll. Moving Pictures: American Art & Early Film, 1880-1910. Hudson Hills Press, 2005.

Vose, Marcia. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Light Within. Vose Galleries, 1986.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. The American Pupils of Jean-Léon Gérôme. Garland Publishing, 1984.

Articles:

Caldwell, Martha. "A Light Among the Impressionists: The Art of Frederick Carl Frieseke." Smithsonian Studies in American Art, vol. 9, no. 2, 2003, pp. 68-85.

Evans, Helen. "Frieseke in Giverny: A Study of Light & Color." The Art Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 4, 2001, pp. 602-618.

Hiesinger, Ulrich W. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: An American in Giverny." American Art Review, vol. 12, no. 3, 2000, pp. 110-121.

Johnston, Kimberly. "Women & Domesticity in the Work of Frederick Carl Frieseke." American Art Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, 2005, pp. 14-29.

Owens, Gwendolyn. "Frederick Carl Frieseke & the Art of Intimacy." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 143, no. 1184, 2001, pp. 46-53.

Taylor, Kimberly A. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: Impressionism & the Aesthetic of Pleasure." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 41, no. 2, 2002, pp. 22-38.

Tovey, Frank. "Frederick Carl Frieseke’s Aesthetic Vision: American & French Influences." American Art Review, vol. 15, no. 4, 2008, pp. 40-57.

Wilkin, Karen. "Frieseke’s French Connection: American Impressionism Revisited." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 162, no. 5, 2003, pp. 194-203.

19C Women in Gardens - British

Beatrice Parsons (British painter) 1870 - 1955  The Annunciation, 1897-99

19C Women in Gardens - Italian

Antonino Leto (Italian painter) 1844 - 1913  Il Gioco a Villa Tasca

19C Women & Gardens - American Artist

 

Frederick Frieseke (American artist, 1874-1939) Woman with Garden Parasol in June

Biography of Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939)

Frederick Carl Frieseke, born on April 7, 1874, in Owosso, Michigan, became one of the prominent figures in American Impressionism. After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago & the Art Students League of New York, Frieseke moved to Paris in 1898 to further his training. He studied at the Académie Julian & the Académie Carmen under James McNeill Whistler, whose emphasis on color & light profoundly influenced his work.

Frieseke settled in Giverny, France, in 1906, where he became closely associated with the American expatriate art colony. His work during this period, characterized by a focus on light, color, & the depiction of women in domestic & outdoor settings, gained widespread acclaim. Frieseke’s paintings often featured serene, & sun-dappled gardens rendered with a soft, harmonious palette.

Throughout his career, Frieseke exhibited widely in both Europe & the United States, earning numerous awards & honors. Although he spent much of his career in France, his work remained influential in the United States. Frederick Carl Frieseke passed away on August 24, 1939, in Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy, France, as one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Henry. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Evolution of an American Impressionist. Telfair Museum of Art, 2001.

Booth, James, & Larkin, Susan. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Painter as Poet. Hudson Hills Press, 1998.

Chotner, Deborah. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Gerdts, William H., & Hiesinger, Ulrich W. Impressionism Abroad: Boston & American Expatriate Painters. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Mathews, Nancy Mowll. Moving Pictures: American Art & Early Film, 1880-1910. Hudson Hills Press, 2005.

Vose, Marcia. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Light Within. Vose Galleries, 1986.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. The American Pupils of Jean-Léon Gérôme. Garland Publishing, 1984.

Articles:

Caldwell, Martha. "A Light Among the Impressionists: The Art of Frederick Carl Frieseke." Smithsonian Studies in American Art, vol. 9, no. 2, 2003, pp. 68-85.

Evans, Helen. "Frieseke in Giverny: A Study of Light & Color." The Art Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 4, 2001, pp. 602-618.

Hiesinger, Ulrich W. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: An American in Giverny." American Art Review, vol. 12, no. 3, 2000, pp. 110-121.

Johnston, Kimberly. "Women & Domesticity in the Work of Frederick Carl Frieseke." American Art Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, 2005, pp. 14-29.

Owens, Gwendolyn. "Frederick Carl Frieseke & the Art of Intimacy." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 143, no. 1184, 2001, pp. 46-53.

Taylor, Kimberly A. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: Impressionism & the Aesthetic of Pleasure." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 41, no. 2, 2002, pp. 22-38.

Tovey, Frank. "Frederick Carl Frieseke’s Aesthetic Vision: American & French Influences." American Art Review, vol. 15, no. 4, 2008, pp. 40-57.

Wilkin, Karen. "Frieseke’s French Connection: American Impressionism Revisited." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 162, no. 5, 2003, pp. 194-203.

19C Women in Gardens - North Africa

Frederick Arthur Bridgman (American painter) 1847 - 1928A  North African Courtyard, 1879

19C Women in Gardens - France

Daniel Ridgway Knight (American painter) 1839 - 1924  Coffee in the Garden, Paris

Biography of Daniel Ridgway Knight (1839-1924)

Daniel Ridgway Knight, born on March 15, 1839, in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania.  Knight initially trained at the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts before moving to Paris to study under the acclaimed artists Charles Gleyre & Jean-Léon Gérôme. His artistic style evolved into a blending academic precision with a naturalistic approach.

Knight settled in France, where he developed his signature style of depicting everyday scenes of rural life. He often painted en plein air, capturing the beauty of the French countryside with meticulous attention to light, color, & detail. His compositions typically featured peasant women engaged in simple, tranquil activities, exuding a sense of serenity & harmony with nature. Knight’s work resonated with both American & European audiences, earning him numerous accolades, including medals at the Paris Salon & the Exposition Universelle.

Knight passed away on March 9, 1924, in Paris. His work remains celebrated for its technical skill, attention to detail, & ability to capture the quiet beauty of rural existence.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Patricia. Daniel Ridgway Knight: American Artist in France. Somogy Art Publishing, 2009.

Falk, Peter Hastings. Who Was Who in American Art: 1564-1975. Sound View Press, 1999.

Rehs, Howard L. The Life & Art of Daniel Ridgway Knight. Rehs Galleries, 2004.

Articles:

Barr, Stephanie. "Daniel Ridgway Knight & the Cult of the Peasant in French Art." The Journal of American Art, vol. 18, no. 2, 2007, pp. 54-67.

Cox, Jay. "American Expatriates & the French Rural Ideal: The Art of Daniel Ridgway Knight." American Art Review, vol. 21, no. 4, 2009, pp. 112-123.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. "Rural Genre Painting & American Expatriates: Daniel Ridgway Knight’s Vision of France." American Art Journal, vol. 40, no. 3, 2012, pp. 88-101.

Zygmont, Bryan J. "The Artistic Legacy of Daniel Ridgway Knight: America’s Painter of Rural Life." American Fine Art Magazine, vol. 16, no. 5, 2018, pp. 72-83.

19C Women & Gardens - American Artist

 

Biography of Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939)

Frederick Carl Frieseke, born on April 7, 1874, in Owosso, Michigan, became one of the prominent figures in American Impressionism. After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago & the Art Students League of New York, Frieseke moved to Paris in 1898 to further his training. He studied at the Académie Julian & the Académie Carmen under James McNeill Whistler, whose emphasis on color & light profoundly influenced his work.

Frieseke settled in Giverny, France, in 1906, where he became closely associated with the American expatriate art colony. His work during this period, characterized by a focus on light, color, & the depiction of women in domestic & outdoor settings, gained widespread acclaim. Frieseke’s paintings often featured serene, & sun-dappled gardens rendered with a soft, harmonious palette.

Throughout his career, Frieseke exhibited widely in both Europe & the United States, earning numerous awards & honors. Although he spent much of his career in France, his work remained influential in the United States. Frederick Carl Frieseke passed away on August 24, 1939, in Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy, France, as one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Henry. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Evolution of an American Impressionist. Telfair Museum of Art, 2001.

Booth, James, & Larkin, Susan. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Painter as Poet. Hudson Hills Press, 1998.

Chotner, Deborah. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Gerdts, William H., & Hiesinger, Ulrich W. Impressionism Abroad: Boston & American Expatriate Painters. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Mathews, Nancy Mowll. Moving Pictures: American Art & Early Film, 1880-1910. Hudson Hills Press, 2005.

Vose, Marcia. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Light Within. Vose Galleries, 1986.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. The American Pupils of Jean-Léon Gérôme. Garland Publishing, 1984.

Articles:

Caldwell, Martha. "A Light Among the Impressionists: The Art of Frederick Carl Frieseke." Smithsonian Studies in American Art, vol. 9, no. 2, 2003, pp. 68-85.

Evans, Helen. "Frieseke in Giverny: A Study of Light & Color." The Art Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 4, 2001, pp. 602-618.

Hiesinger, Ulrich W. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: An American in Giverny." American Art Review, vol. 12, no. 3, 2000, pp. 110-121.

Johnston, Kimberly. "Women & Domesticity in the Work of Frederick Carl Frieseke." American Art Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, 2005, pp. 14-29.

Owens, Gwendolyn. "Frederick Carl Frieseke & the Art of Intimacy." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 143, no. 1184, 2001, pp. 46-53.

Taylor, Kimberly A. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: Impressionism & the Aesthetic of Pleasure." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 41, no. 2, 2002, pp. 22-38.

Tovey, Frank. "Frederick Carl Frieseke’s Aesthetic Vision: American & French Influences." American Art Review, vol. 15, no. 4, 2008, pp. 40-57.

Wilkin, Karen. "Frieseke’s French Connection: American Impressionism Revisited." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 162, no. 5, 2003, pp. 194-203.

19C Women in Gardens - French

Berthe Morisot (French painter) 1841 - 1895 La Leçon au Jardin (The Lesson in the Garden), 1886

19C Women in Gardens - Mary Cassatt 1844-1926

American Mary Cassatt (1844-1926). Lydia Seated in the Garden

Mary Stevenson Cassatt was an American painter and printmaker. She was born in Allegheny, Pennsylvania, but lived much of her adult life in France, where she befriended Edgar Degas and exhibited with the Impressionists.

Mary Cassatt (1844-1926). Red Poppies

Mary Cassatt (1844-1926) Cup of Tea near the Flowers

 Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926) Children in a Garden 1878

Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926) In the Garden

Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926) In the Park

Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926) Lydia Croceting in the Garden at Marly 1880

Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926) Woman and Child Seated in a Garden

Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926) Woman doing Needlework in the Garden Sun

Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926) Woman Reading in a Garden

 Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926)  Girl Holding a Loose Bouquet of Flowers
Mary Cassatt (1845-1926) A Flower from the Park

Mary Cassatt (American artist, 1844-1926).  Young Woman Picking Fruit in the Garden 1891

19C Women & Gardens - American artist

 

Frederick Frieseke (American artist, 1874-1939) Women under The Garden Umbrella

Biography of Frederick Carl Frieseke (1874-1939)

Frederick Carl Frieseke, born on April 7, 1874, in Owosso, Michigan, became one of the prominent figures in American Impressionism. After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago & the Art Students League of New York, Frieseke moved to Paris in 1898 to further his training. He studied at the Académie Julian & the Académie Carmen under James McNeill Whistler, whose emphasis on color & light profoundly influenced his work.

Frieseke settled in Giverny, France, in 1906, where he became closely associated with the American expatriate art colony. His work during this period, characterized by a focus on light, color, & the depiction of women in domestic & outdoor settings, gained widespread acclaim. Frieseke’s paintings often featured serene, & sun-dappled gardens rendered with a soft, harmonious palette.

Throughout his career, Frieseke exhibited widely in both Europe & the United States, earning numerous awards & honors. Although he spent much of his career in France, his work remained influential in the United States. Frederick Carl Frieseke passed away on August 24, 1939, in Le Mesnil-sur-Blangy, France, as one of America’s foremost Impressionist painters.

Bibliography

Books:

Adams, Henry. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Evolution of an American Impressionist. Telfair Museum of Art, 2001.

Booth, James, & Larkin, Susan. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Painter as Poet. Hudson Hills Press, 1998.

Chotner, Deborah. American Impressionism & Realism: The Painting of Modern Life, 1885-1915. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1994.

Gerdts, William H. American Impressionism. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Gerdts, William H., & Hiesinger, Ulrich W. Impressionism Abroad: Boston & American Expatriate Painters. Abbeville Press, 2001.

Mathews, Nancy Mowll. Moving Pictures: American Art & Early Film, 1880-1910. Hudson Hills Press, 2005.

Vose, Marcia. Frederick Carl Frieseke: The Light Within. Vose Galleries, 1986.

Weinberg, H. Barbara. The American Pupils of Jean-Léon Gérôme. Garland Publishing, 1984.

Articles:

Caldwell, Martha. "A Light Among the Impressionists: The Art of Frederick Carl Frieseke." Smithsonian Studies in American Art, vol. 9, no. 2, 2003, pp. 68-85.

Evans, Helen. "Frieseke in Giverny: A Study of Light & Color." The Art Bulletin, vol. 83, no. 4, 2001, pp. 602-618.

Hiesinger, Ulrich W. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: An American in Giverny." American Art Review, vol. 12, no. 3, 2000, pp. 110-121.

Johnston, Kimberly. "Women & Domesticity in the Work of Frederick Carl Frieseke." American Art Journal, vol. 36, no. 1, 2005, pp. 14-29.

Owens, Gwendolyn. "Frederick Carl Frieseke & the Art of Intimacy." The Burlington Magazine, vol. 143, no. 1184, 2001, pp. 46-53.

Taylor, Kimberly A. "Frederick Carl Frieseke: Impressionism & the Aesthetic of Pleasure." Archives of American Art Journal, vol. 41, no. 2, 2002, pp. 22-38.

Tovey, Frank. "Frederick Carl Frieseke’s Aesthetic Vision: American & French Influences." American Art Review, vol. 15, no. 4, 2008, pp. 40-57.

Wilkin, Karen. "Frieseke’s French Connection: American Impressionism Revisited." The Magazine Antiques, vol. 162, no. 5, 2003, pp. 194-203.

19C Women in Gardens - Danish

Camille Pissarro (Danish-French painter) 1830 - 1903 Jeanne Pissarro dite Minette, Assise au Jardin, Pontoise, c. 1872

19C Women in Gardens - Lydia Field Emmet (American artist, 1866-1952)

Lydia Field Emmet (American artist, 1866-1952) Grandmother's Garden

Lydia Field Emmet (1866 -1952) was an American artist best known for her work as a portraitist. Emmet exhibited widely during her career, and her paintings can now be found hanging in the White House, and many prestigious art galleries, including the Metropolitan Museum of Art

Lydia Field Emmet (American artist, 1866-1952) Flowers along the White Picket Fence

Lydia Field Emmet (American artist, 1866-1952) Two Women in a Garden

Lydia Field Emmet (American artist, 1866-1952) Woman & Boy in a Garden