16C Spring Landscape by Sebastian Vrancx (1573-1647)

Sebastian Vrancx (Flemish artist, 1573-1647) Spring. Vrancx is best known for his depictions of battle scenes & he was probably the first artist in the northern or southern Netherlands to attempt this subject-matter. He was the son of Jan Vrancx & Barbara Coutereau. Vrancx’s subjects also encompass allegorical scenes, such as the Months & the Seasons, & religious & mythological subjects, which he presented as genre scenes with the emphasis on narrative detail. 

17C Spring by Wenceslaus Hollar (Czech artist, 1607-1677)

Wenceslaus Hollar (Czech artist, 1607-1677)  Spring. "Welcom sweet Lady you doe bring / Rich presents of a hopefull Spring / That makes the Earth to looke so greene / As when she first began to teeme"

Allegorical characters, such as "Spring" above, in stories & in art are often located in garden settings, frequently in or near walled gardens such as the one depicted here. The locus amoenus was one of the traditional locations of epic & chivalric literature. As a literary genre of high culture, romance or chivalric romance is a type of prose & verse narrative that was popular in the aristocratic circles of Medieval & Early Modern Europe. 

The artist Wenceslaus Hollar was born in 1607, the son of an upper middle-class civic official. Very little is known about his early life, but he evidently learned the rudiments of his craft by age eighteen, left his native Prague at age twenty, and likely studied in Frankfurt under Matthaus Merian. His first book of etchings was published in 1635, in Cologne when Hollar was twenty-eight. The following year he came to the attention of the renowned art collector the Earl of Arundel who was making an official visit to the continent, and Hollar subsequently became a part of his household, settling in England early in 1637. He remained in England during the beginning of the English Civil War period, but left London for Antwerp in 1642, where he continued to work on a variety of projects. In 1652 he returned to England, working on a number of large projects for the publisher John Ogilby and for the antiquary Sir William Dugdale. Hollar was in London during the Great Fire of 1666, and remains most famous for his scenes of the city before and after the fire. He was one of the most skilled etchers of his or any other time, which is all the more remarkable given that he was almost blind in one eye. Hollar died in London on 25 March 1677. By his life's end, he had produced some 2700 separate etchings.

17C Puttie & Spring in the Garden attr to Jan Breughel II (1601-1678)

Attributed to Jan Breughel II (1601-1678) Formal Spring Garden with a central Fountain & a few Flower Pickers

18C Spring Allegory by Hyacinthe Collin de Vermont (1693- 1761)

 

18C Spring From Allegories of the 4 Seasons by Hyacinthe Collin de Vermont (1693- 1761)

1785 Allegory of Spring - Love & Bird Nests

 Spring 1785

Probably published in Britain. Here a young man is handing a birds' nest to a young woman. He has one hand on her shoulder as she accepts the nest.  She is collecting spring flowers in her apron. The couple is passing by another woman kneeling beside a basket of flowers and hold up a garland for the couple to see. Men are sowing grain in fields in the background to left.

Spring is the perfect time to celebrate Earth's Beauty & Bounty.  Flowers gave beauty & inspiration to mankind's basic struggle to live & to populate & to protect his home-base, The Earth.  Holding on to The Sweet Divine - The Lord God took man & put him in the Garden of Eden to work it & to keep it...Genesis 2:15.

1603 Allegory of Spring - Love & Bird Nests

1603 Spring from The Four Seasons Jan Saenredam (Dutch printmaker, c 1565-1607) 

Here a young couple pick flowers & delight over tiny chicks in a bird nest. Celebrating our Earth.  Holding on to the Sweet Divine - “The Lord God took man & put him in the Garden of Eden to work it & to keep it.”  Genesis 2:15.

18C Depiction of Spring

Here Spring is a stylish young woman standing on garden terrace, adding a rose to flowers in her apron. Her elbow rests on the garden plinth of an urn covered in a trailing plant. A basket of flowers sits on the plinth.

 

1620 Follower of Abraham Janssens, also called Abraham Janssens Van Nuyssen Flemish artist, 1573-1632) Portrait of a Lady as Spring

It's Spring! - Waiting for the Lilacs

 Sophie Gengembre Anderson (French-born British artist) 1823 - 1903 Time for the Lilacs

It's Spring - The Birds are Back

 

William Holman Hunt (British painter) 1827 – 1910

It's Spring - The Birds are Back

 
Sophie Gengembre Anderson (French-born British artist) 1823 - 1903 The Thrush Nest

Spring in 19c Europe

 
George Hitchcock (American painter) 1850 - 1913 Springtime in Holland

Spring in 19C Europe

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George Hitchcock (American painter) 1850 - 1913 Springtime in Holland

Spring 19C in the Orchard

John Everett Millais (British artist, 1829-96) Spring

19C Personification of Spring by Franz Xavier Winterhalter (1805-c 1873)

Franz Xavier Winterhalter (German Academic Painter, 1805-c 1873) The Spring

Memorial Day

 Remember Them...

From Decoration Day to Memorial Day

The years following the end of the Civil War in 1865 saw American communities tending to the remains & graves of an unprecedented number of war dead. All of the previous wars & conflicts fought by the United States combined did not add up to the deaths in the Civil War.

For more than a century, the ritual of visiting cemeteries, memorials & gravesites served as the  start of summer. It was an annual act of remembrance, clearing away the dirt & grime from those hallowed markers. It was a time to decorate those personal memorials. Until 1971, Memorial Day was known as "Decoration Day."

On the 1st official Decoration Day -- May 30, 1868 -- future president James A. Garfield, a former general, addressed a crowd of 5,000 gathered at Arlington National Cemetery: "our children's children shall come to pay their tribute of grateful homage. For this are we met to-day...assemblies like this are gathering at this hour in every State in the Union.

"Thousands of soldiers are to-day...visiting the silent encampments of dead comrades who once fought by their side. From many thousand homes, whose light was put out when a soldier fell, there go forth today to join these solemn processions of loving kindred & friends."

After Garfield spoke, the 5,000 visitors made their way into the cemetery to visit the tens of thousands of graves in the newly formed Arlington cemetery.

But Decoration Day was not an official holiday. May 30 was a day seen by the Grand Army of the Republic, an association of Union Civil War veterans, as an official day of remembrance for people across the country. The idea was to honor the war's dead by decorating the graves of Union soldiers.

Local municipalities & states adopted resolutions over the following years to make Decoration Day an official holiday in their areas. Each of the former Union states had adopted a Decoration Day by 1890.

As time went on, "Memorial Day" began to supplant "Decoration Day" as the name of the holiday, & it became a day to honor all fallen American troops, not just Union soldiers from the Civil War. After the 2nd World War, Memorial Day was the term in more common usage, & the act of remembering all of America's fallen took on a renewed importance.

In 1968, the U.S. government passed the Uniform Monday Holiday Act, which put major holidays on specific Mondays to give federal employees 3-day weekends. Memorial Day was one of these holidays. 

It all went into effect in 1971 &, by then, there were no more Civil War veterans - but there were decades of American vets from later wars.   

Memorial Day Memories & Mountain Laurel & Peter Kalm 1716-1779

Memorial Day always brings 3 things to my mind.  - 

The peonies that my mother & I gathered to place on the graves of loved ones, when I was a child. - 

The incredible bravery of my great grandfather & his 2 brothers who left the South to go to Illinois to enlist in the Civil War to fight against slavery. - 

And, way up here in the woods where I live, the mountain laurel always bloom on Memorial Day.  The amazing blooms peek out of the sides of the lane up to the house, and they define the area between the grass & the woods surrounding the rear of the house.  A soft, sweet, beautiful reminder of the meaning of the day.

The American mountain laurel was named Kalmia latifolia during the 1700s, when America was still just a collection of colonies.  The plant was first recorded in America in 1624, soon after the English began to settle along the Atlantic coast.  The genus Kalmia was named by Carolus Linneaus himself, for his student Pehr (Peter) Kalm, who sailed across the Atlantic to travel through the countryside collecting plant samples to send back to Sweden. In Kalm’s account of Mountain Laurel, he calls the plant the “spoon tree.”

Memorial Day

“Nature is the art of God.” Dante (1265-1321) - Creatures are filling the Spring Earth

Holding on to the Sweet Divine - “The Lord God took man & put him in the Garden of Eden to work it & to keep it.”  Genesis 2:15. 

Taking Peonies from our Garden to the Cemetery

Every Memorial Day weekend my mother would cut peonies from our garden to place on the graves of relatives, after we wiped each gravestone clean.

Memorial Day Food & Marketing in 1940s Indiana

My husband & I would often drove up to the Amish market in Pennsylvania to buy plants for our Spring gardens. It looked so much like the City Market in downtown Indianapolis; where my mother took me, when I was a toddler. For family holiday gatherings. like Memorial Day, we would travel into town to the city Market to buy fresh fruits & vegetables for the holiday meal.

Since the city’s founding in 1821, Indianapolis had hosted a public market. The City Market connected rural farmers with the expanding urban inhabitants & provided social interaction & business opportunities for growing immigrant populations.

Images from Life Magazine

19C Spring by James Jacques Joseph Tissot (1836-1902)

James Jacques Joseph Tissot (French artist, 1836-1902) Springtime

1644 Spring Garden Preparation by David Teniers the Younger (1610–1690)

1644 David Teniers the Younger (1610–1690) Spring. Love the Gardeners in the background moving pots outdoors and raking the garden.

During the early medieval period, gardens were primarily about food for the table & medicinal herbs. Calendars in the Later Middle Ages began to change garden illuminations for the Spring of peasants digging, ploughing, pruning & chopping their way through shrubbery & undergrowth, with those of people preparing for pleasure gardens & planting flowers. The pleasure garden had long been an important part of the houses & grounds of the elite. Calendars in the Later Middle Ages began to change garden illuminations for the Spring of peasants digging, ploughing, pruning & chopping their way through shrubbery & undergrowth, with the majority of those workers preparing for pleasure gardens & planting flowers. The pleasure garden had long been an important part of the houses & grounds of the elite. Now, however, it also became a joy for townsfolk & perhaps even peasants. Decorative flowers were planted everywhere. Now, however, it also became a joy for townsfolk & perhaps even peasants. Decorative flowers were planted everywhere.

15C Spring - Garden of Love & Earthly Delights - Illuminated Manuscripts

 

3rd Day, 10th Tale, from Boccaccio's Decameron, trans. Laurent de Premierfait. 15th C French MS with Flemish illuminations

1601 - Preparing the Spring Garden

1601 Gardener Preparing the for the Spring Garden - Die Hausbücher der Nürnberger Zwölfbrüderstiftungen. Here the gardener is expanding the cultivated landscape beyond the traditional geometric garden beds in the background, Calendars in the Later Middle Ages began to change garden illuminations for the Spring of peasants digging, ploughing, pruning & chopping their way through shrubbery & undergrowth, with the majority of those workers preparing for pleasure gardens & planting flowers. The pleasure garden had long been an important part of the houses & grounds of the elite. Now, however, it also became a joy for townsfolk & perhaps even peasants. Decorative flowers were planted everywhere.

During the early medieval period, gardens were primarily about food for the table & medicinal herbs. Calendars in the Later Middle Ages began to change garden illuminations for the Spring of peasants digging, ploughing, pruning & chopping their way through shrubbery & undergrowth, with those of people preparing for pleasure gardens & planting flowers. The pleasure garden had long been an important part of the houses & grounds of the elite. Now, however, it also became a joy for townsfolk & perhaps even peasants. Decorative flowers were planted everywhere.

Medieval Garden Myth & Reality - Spring - Preparing the Garden

1607 Gardener with a spade Die Hausbücher der Nürnberger Zwölfbrüderstiftungen

During the early medieval period, gardens were primarily about food for the table & medicinal herbs. Calendars in the Later Middle Ages began to change garden illuminations for the Spring of peasants digging, ploughing, pruning & chopping their way through shrubbery & undergrowth, with those of people preparing for pleasure gardens & planting flowers. The pleasure garden had long been an important part of the houses & grounds of the elite. Now, however, it also became a joy for townsfolk & perhaps even peasants. Decorative flowers were planted everywhere.

18C Allegory of Spring in a Garden

1758 Spring from The Four Seasons  After Nicolas Lancret by John Simon. 

Here is a garden with a fountain with putti atop & a birdbath lying on the ground, where a young man holding a spade talks to a young woman holding a basket of flowers, while another woman is watering plants. Just a bit of romance perhaps.

17C Spring Boating Party Gathering Green Branches

Sebastian Vrancx (Flemish artist, 1573-1647) The Four Seasons - Spring Boating Party Gathering Green Branches to decorate their homes.  

Celebrating our Earth.  Holding on to the Sweet Divine - “The Lord God took man & put him in the Garden of Eden to work it & to keep it.”  Genesis 2:15.

1671 Allegories of Spring- In a Garden with Putti

1671 Spring from The Four Seasons by Matthias Scheits (German artist c 1625 - 1700) Landscape with 5 putti in a landscape playing with birds. 

Celebrating our Earth.  Holding on to the Sweet Divine - “The Lord God took man & put him in the Garden of Eden to work it & to keep it.”  Genesis 2:15.